Historical Events from This Year 1714 (View all 8)
Swedish-Russian Clash at Napue
The Battle of Napue was a significant confrontation between the Swedish and Russian forces, occurring in Isokyrö, Ostrobothnia. This skirmish was part of the broader conflicts of the Great Northern War, as the two nations vied for dominance in the region. The Swedish army, under the command of Lieutenant General Carl Gustav Emil Mannerheim, faced off against an advancing Russian contingent. The battle showcased tactical maneuvers and the harsh conditions of winter warfare.
Continue ReadingBach Premieres Cantata Erschallet, ihr Lieder
Johann Sebastian Bach conducted the first performance of his cantata 'Erschallet, ihr Lieder, BWV 172' at the chapel of Schloss Weimar. Composed for the Pentecost celebration, this work reflects Bach's deep connection to religious themes and his innovative musical style. The performance included a blend of vocal and instrumental elements that captured the spirit of the occasion, making it a significant event in Bach's early career.
Continue ReadingSignificant Russian Naval Victory at Gangut
The Battle of Gangut marked a pivotal clash during the Great Northern War, where the Russian Navy achieved its first significant victory against the Swedish Navy. Fought near the Hanko Peninsula, this naval engagement underscored Russia's emergence as a formidable maritime power. The Russian forces, commanded by Admiral Fyodor Apraksin, demonstrated strategic prowess by employing superior tactics, resulting in the capture of several Swedish ships, including the flagship. This victory was crucial in turning the tide of naval dominance in the Baltic Sea and enhancing Russia’s influence in the region.
Continue ReadingGeorge I Ascends as King of Great Britain
George, Elector of Hanover, became King George I of Great Britain after the death of Queen Anne. His ascent marked a significant shift in British politics as the first monarch from the House of Hanover. The transition occurred in the wake of political instability and the need to secure Protestant succession in Britain. George I faced the challenges of governing a kingdom that was diversely populated and politically charged, ushering in the Georgian era characterized by advancements in culture and economy.
Continue ReadingRussian Navy's First Major Victory at Gangut
The Battle of Gangut marked a significant naval engagement during the Great Northern War, where the Russian fleet, under the command of Admiral Fyodor Apraksin, engaged the Swedish fleet in the Gulf of Finland. On this occasion, Russian forces utilized innovative tactics, including the effective use of small, maneuverable vessels to exploit the weaknesses of the larger Swedish ships. The battle resulted in a clear victory for Russia, affirming its naval capabilities and bolstering its influence in the Baltic region.
Continue ReadingBarcelona Surrenders in War of Spanish Succession
The siege of Barcelona culminated with the city's surrender to the combined forces of Spanish and French Bourbon armies. After a lengthy siege, the Catalan capital faced overwhelming military pressure, leading to its capitulation. This surrender marked a significant moment in the War of the Spanish Succession, impacting Catalonia's political landscape. The Bourbon forces, under the command of the Duke of Berwick, effectively sealed the fate of Barcelona and signaled the end of Catalan resistance.
Continue ReadingBorn in 1714 (View all 33)
Kristijonas Donelaitis
A prominent figure in Lithuanian literature, made significant contributions as a poet and pastor. Most noted for the narrative poem 'Metai' ('The Seasons'), which reflects rural life and Lithuanian traditions. The work is considered a classic of Lithuanian literature and is one of the first written Lithuanian poems, showcasing the language and culture of the time.
Continue ReadingPercivall Pott
An English surgeon, significant contributions were made in the field of surgery and anatomy. Developed Pott's fracture nomenclature, which became a standard in medical terminology. Proposed theories regarding the connection between occupational hazards and health issues, particularly with chimney sweeps and scrotal cancer. Authored influential medical texts, including 'Chirurgical Observations,' which provided insights into surgical practices of the time. The establishment of surgical principles and techniques laid foundational aspects for future surgical practices.
Continue ReadingAnna Morandi Manzolini
An anatomist and wax modeler, significant contributions included the creation of detailed anatomical models using wax. Worked at a time when women faced significant barriers in the scientific community. Established a school for anatomical studies and collaborated with prominent anatomists. Published findings in anatomy, detailing complex human structures through meticulously crafted models.
Continue ReadingJean-Baptiste Pigalle
A prominent French sculptor and educator, notable contributions to the art world occurred during the 18th century. Renowned for a significant neoclassical style, approach included both monumental sculptures and smaller works in marble and plaster. Most recognized work, the statue of Voltaire, showcased the elegance of the period. Served as a member of the French Academy of Sculpture, contributing to artistic education and the progression of sculpture in France. Produced several other notable pieces, including 'The Statue of the King' and works for the royal courts. Teaching shaped the careers of many future artists, establishing a legacy in the education of sculpture in France.
Continue ReadingGottfried August Homilius
Born in 1714, this figure contributed significantly to the early classical music scene as an organist and composer. His lineage traced back to the influential North German school, which shaped the development of organ music. Music education was pursued in Leipzig, where instrumental and vocal works flourished. Homilius served as an organist in various churches, most notably in the city of Dresden. Compositions included a range of sacred vocal works, especially cantatas, reflecting the stylistic transitions in music of the era. The musical legacy includes numerous choral pieces regularly performed in church settings, showcasing an integration of Lutheran hymnody and Baroque elements. Homilius passed away in 1785, leaving behind a repository of works still appreciated in liturgical contexts.
Continue ReadingRené Nicolas Charles Augustin de Maupeou
Served as the Lord Chancellor of France during the reign of Louis XV. Played a significant role in the attempt to reform the French judicial system, focusing on reducing the power of the Parliaments and centralizing authority in the monarchy. His reforms faced opposition and ultimately led to his dismissal from office. Maupeou's tenure was marked by political intrigue and struggles for power within the French government. His career highlighted the tensions between the monarchy and the judiciary in 18th-century France.
Continue ReadingPeople Who Died in 1714 (View all 19)
John Sharp
Served as the Archbishop of York from 1691 until death in 1714. Engaged in the political and religious disputes of the time, particularly regarding the Church of England and nonconformity. Worked to promote the interests of the Anglican Church while opposing the increasingly rigid structure imposed by the government. Published several works on theology, including important sermons and pamphlets that addressed issues of faith and church governance.
Continue ReadingMaria Luisa of Savoy
Maria Luisa of Savoy served as queen consort of Spain through her marriage to King Philip V. Born into the House of Savoy, she married Philip in 1701 and played a significant role in the court. The couple had several children, contributing to the Bourbon dynasty's stability. Her tenure as queen was also marked by a focus on the arts and the development of Spanish culture. Maria Luisa's health began to decline later in life, and she died in 1714.
Continue ReadingEdmund Andros
Served as the 4th Colonial Governor of New York from 1674 to 1681. Andros was appointed by the British crown and oversaw the consolidation of the northern colonies into the Dominion of New England. His administration is marked by strict enforcement of the Navigation Acts and an emphasis on royal authority. The unpopular policies and actions led to resistance from colonists, culminating in the Glorious Revolution in 1688, which resulted in his removal from power.
Continue ReadingSophia of Hanover
Born in 1630, held the title of Electress of Hanover. Sophia was a granddaughter of James VI and I and became involved in the politics of the time. After the death of her cousin, Sophia claimed the English throne based on the Act of Settlement 1701, which designated her as heir presumptive. However, she died shortly before ascending the throne and was succeeded by her son, George I, who became King of Great Britain in 1714.
Continue ReadingMatthew Henry
Born in 1662, a Welsh minister and scholar contributed significantly to biblical commentary through a comprehensive work. The commentary provided verse-by-verse analysis, emphasizing practical application and moral lessons. This work became widely used across denominations, influencing both clergy and laypeople in their understanding of scripture. The writings have been published in various editions and remain relevant in theological education and study today. In addition to the biblical commentary, authored other works addressing various aspects of Christian life and doctrine, further solidifying a place in religious scholarship.
Continue ReadingQueen of Great Britain
Reigned as Queen of England, Scotland, and Ireland from 1702 until 1714. Oversaw the Acts of Union 1707, which unified the kingdoms of England and Scotland into the Kingdom of Great Britain. Her reign was marked by significant political and cultural developments. Supported the War of Spanish Succession and engaged in efforts to promote Protestantism. Promoted the arts and sciences during a time of great change.
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