Historical Events from This Year 1775
Continental Army's Siege of Fort St. Jean Begins
The Continental Army commenced the Siege of Fort St. Jean as part of the invasion of Quebec. This strategic military action aimed to secure control over the fort, located in present-day Canada, to augment the revolutionary efforts against British rule. Under the command of General Benedict Arnold, the siege reflected the growing aspirations of the American colonies to expand their territorial influence. The objective was to engage British forces stationed there and rally support for the patriot cause.
Continue ReadingEthan Allen's Attempted Capture of Montreal
Ethan Allen led an expedition to seize Montreal, aiming to undermine British control over Canada. His forces engaged British troops at Longue-Pointe but were outnumbered. Despite initial hopes for a quick victory, Allen's forces ultimately surrendered, marking a strategic setback for the American Revolutionary cause. This event demonstrated the complexities of the conflict and the challenges faced by American forces in Canadian territories.
Continue ReadingBenedict Arnold's Expedition to Quebec Begins
Benedict Arnold led a significant military expedition towards Quebec with the goal of capturing the city and persuading French Canadians to join the revolutionary cause. Starting from Cambridge, Massachusetts, Arnold's forces embarked on a treacherous journey through the Maine wilderness, navigating difficult terrain and facing harsh weather conditions. The campaign aimed to secure a crucial strategic position for the Continental Army and rally support from Canadian forces against British rule.
Continue ReadingEstablishment of the Continental Navy
The Continental Congress established the Continental Navy, which formed the foundation for the United States Navy. Aimed at protecting American shipping and disrupting British naval operations, the Congress authorized the construction of ships, including the USS Alfred, commanded by Ezekiel Hopkins. This move was a significant step toward establishing maritime defense and asserted American independence on the seas.
Continue ReadingThe Burning of Falmouth During Revolution
In October 1775, British naval forces attacked Falmouth, now known as Portland, Maine, resulting in the town's significant destruction. After receiving reports of rebel activities in the area, British ships bombarded the town, leading to widespread fires that razed numerous buildings, including homes and businesses. Amidst this assault, residents attempted to flee as chaos ensued. The attack was part of a broader strategy by the British to quell rebellion along the New England coast, showcasing their military might and intention to suppress the colonial resistance. Falmouth’s burning served to ignite further anger among the colonists against British authority.
Continue ReadingPhillis Wheatley Gains Freedom from Slavery
Phillis Wheatley, an acclaimed African-American poet, was officially freed from slavery in 1775. Born in West Africa and brought to Boston as a child, she was educated by the family that enslaved her, the Wheatleys. Her talent for poetry flourished, and she became the first published African-American female poet, gaining recognition for her works that addressed themes of freedom and religion.
Continue ReadingKing George III Addresses Colonial Rebellion
King George III's speech marked a significant escalation in tension between Britain and the American colonies. During the opening of Parliament, he expanded on his Proclamation of Rebellion, asserting the Crown's determination to quell what he termed the insurrection. George III's words reflected his belief in maintaining British authority and also addressed the challenges faced by colonial loyalty, positioning the ongoing conflict firmly against notions of colonial independence.
Continue ReadingLord Dunmore's Offer of Emancipation
John Murray, known as Lord Dunmore, issued a proclamation that granted freedom to slaves who escaped from their owners to join the British forces. This revolutionary offer aimed to bolster the British military ranks amidst the American Revolution, leveraging the discontent among enslaved individuals. By encouraging them to abandon their colonial masters, Lord Dunmore's actions significantly altered the dynamics of slavery in Virginia and beyond.
Continue ReadingEstablishment of the United States Marine Corps
Samuel Nicholas founded the United States Marine Corps at Tun Tavern in Philadelphia, marking the organization's inception as a crucial combat unit in the Continental Navy. This establishment was aimed at creating a fighting force that could operate on land and sea, which was essential during the American Revolutionary War. The tavern served as both a recruiting station and a headquarters for the newly formed unit, with Nicholas often referred to as the first commandant of the Marines. His leadership set the foundation for the traditions and values that the Marine Corps continues to uphold.
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