People Who Died in 1781
Giovanni Battista Beccaria
An Italian physicist and academic contributed significantly to the understanding of electricity and magnetism. His research laid foundations for future studies in these fields. Beccaria presented various theories and experiments that investigated the nature of electricity, significantly influencing the scientific community of the time. Besides academic pursuits, he was associated with the University of Turin, where he had a significant influence on the education and advancement of scientific knowledge in Italy. His work also encompassed various physical phenomena, which were published and discussed widely, establishing his reputation as a leading figure in the early exploration of physics.
Continue ReadingJohann Kies
Contributed significantly to the field of astronomy and mathematics during the 18th century. Developed lunar tables and worked on calculating planetary positions. Published astronomical observations that aided in navigation and understanding celestial mechanics. His work influenced later developments in astronomy and mathematics.
Continue ReadingJohn Bligh
Served as the 3rd Earl of Darnley and contributed to British politics in the 18th century. Held significant positions within the British Parliament, influencing legislative decisions. Engaged in various political and social matters of his time, representing a prominent noble lineage.
Continue ReadingEdward Hawke
An admiral and politician who served in the Royal Navy, led forces during significant naval battles in the Seven Years' War, and played a crucial role in the Battle of Quiberon Bay in 1759. Provided strategic leadership that helped establish British naval dominance. Appointed as First Lord of the Admiralty, overseeing naval affairs and policy during the latter part of the 18th century. Elevated to the peerage as Baron Hawke in recognition of military service.
Continue ReadingJohann Nikolaus Götz
Born in 1721, a significant poet and author from Germany, contributed to German literature during the Enlightenment period. Produced several works that reflect the themes of the time, focusing on nature, morality, and humanity. His notable work, "The Fruitful Harvest," gained attention and showcased an innovative approach to poetic form. Götz was also involved in the literary community, engaging with contemporaries and influencing upcoming writers. His contributions to poetry included various forms, enriching the cultural landscape of the era.
Continue ReadingJames Caldwell
A prominent American minister during the Revolutionary War, contributed significantly to the efforts of the Continental Army. Served as a chaplain and offered spiritual support to soldiers. Became actively involved in the revolutionary cause, advocating for independence and providing aid to troops. Also played a key role in rallying local support for the war effort through sermons and public speaking. Met a tragic end as a result of his commitment to the revolutionary cause.
Continue ReadingCharles-François de Broglie
A prominent military leader and diplomat in 18th century France, played a vital role during the War of the Austrian Succession. Acted as a commander in several significant battles, achieving notable victories that helped secure French interests. Served as a diplomat, negotiating important treaties that influenced the political landscape of Europe at the time. His contributions extended into his position as marquis de Ruffec, reflecting a commitment to both military and diplomatic endeavors.
Continue ReadingAzar Bigdeli
Born in Iran, contributed significantly to Persian literature as an anthologist and poet. Known primarily for the compilation of works that showcase the richness of Persian poetry and culture. Engaged in literary circles, fostering the appreciation for poetic traditions among contemporary audiences. Through anthologies, provided a platform for emerging poets and preserved historical literary works, ensuring their relevance for future generations.
Continue ReadingAnne-Robert-Jacques Turgot
An influential economist and politician in France, Turgot served as a controller-general of finances under Louis XVI. Implemented significant economic reforms aimed at modernizing the French economy and reducing state debts. Advocated for free trade, the reduction of government intervention, and the abolition of the guild system, promoting a more liberal economic approach. His tenure was marked by resistance from various factions, leading to his resignation in 1776. Despite the challenges faced during his political career, ideas on economic liberalism shaped future economic policies in France.
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