People Who Died in 1781
Giovanni Battista Beccaria
An Italian physicist and academic contributed significantly to the understanding of electricity and magnetism. His research laid foundations for future studies in these fields. Beccaria presented various theories and experiments that investigated the nature of electricity, significantly influencing the scientific community of the time. Besides academic pursuits, he was associated with the University of Turin, where he had a significant influence on the education and advancement of scientific knowledge in Italy. His work also encompassed various physical phenomena, which were published and discussed widely, establishing his reputation as a leading figure in the early exploration of physics.
Continue ReadingJohann Kies
Contributed significantly to the field of astronomy and mathematics during the 18th century. Developed lunar tables and worked on calculating planetary positions. Published astronomical observations that aided in navigation and understanding celestial mechanics. His work influenced later developments in astronomy and mathematics.
Continue ReadingJohn Bligh
Served as the 3rd Earl of Darnley and contributed to British politics in the 18th century. Held significant positions within the British Parliament, influencing legislative decisions. Engaged in various political and social matters of his time, representing a prominent noble lineage.
Continue ReadingEdward Hawke
An admiral and politician who served in the Royal Navy, led forces during significant naval battles in the Seven Years' War, and played a crucial role in the Battle of Quiberon Bay in 1759. Provided strategic leadership that helped establish British naval dominance. Appointed as First Lord of the Admiralty, overseeing naval affairs and policy during the latter part of the 18th century. Elevated to the peerage as Baron Hawke in recognition of military service.
Continue ReadingJohann Nikolaus Götz
Born in 1721, a significant poet and author from Germany, contributed to German literature during the Enlightenment period. Produced several works that reflect the themes of the time, focusing on nature, morality, and humanity. His notable work, "The Fruitful Harvest," gained attention and showcased an innovative approach to poetic form. Götz was also involved in the literary community, engaging with contemporaries and influencing upcoming writers. His contributions to poetry included various forms, enriching the cultural landscape of the era.
Continue ReadingJames Caldwell
A prominent American minister during the Revolutionary War, contributed significantly to the efforts of the Continental Army. Served as a chaplain and offered spiritual support to soldiers. Became actively involved in the revolutionary cause, advocating for independence and providing aid to troops. Also played a key role in rallying local support for the war effort through sermons and public speaking. Met a tragic end as a result of his commitment to the revolutionary cause.
Continue ReadingCharles-François de Broglie
A prominent military leader and diplomat in 18th century France, played a vital role during the War of the Austrian Succession. Acted as a commander in several significant battles, achieving notable victories that helped secure French interests. Served as a diplomat, negotiating important treaties that influenced the political landscape of Europe at the time. His contributions extended into his position as marquis de Ruffec, reflecting a commitment to both military and diplomatic endeavors.
Continue ReadingMariana Victoria of Spain
Born in 1718, Mariana Victoria of Spain was an Infanta of Spain and later became the Queen consort of Portugal through marriage. She was a daughter of King Philip V of Spain and Queen consort Maria Luis of Savoy. In 1729, she married King Joseph I of Portugal, thus solidifying an important political alliance between Spain and Portugal. During her time as queen consort, she contributed to the Portuguese court's cultural life and had a significant role in the upbringing of the royal children. Her marriage marked a period of relative peace between the two kingdoms, and she navigated the complex political landscape of the Iberian Peninsula.
Continue ReadingPrince Frederick Henry Eugen of Anhalt-Dessau
Served as a notable military leader during the early 18th century. Took part in various campaigns and played a significant role in the Prussian army. Held the position of governor of the principality of Anhalt-Dessau. Engaged in the military strategies that were part of the War of Austrian Succession.
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