What Happened This Year 1781

Historical Events from This Year 1781

Military & Warfare

Patriot Victory at Raft Swamp

October 15th, 1781 243 years ago

The Battle of Raft Swamp marked a decisive engagement in the American Revolutionary War, taking place just days before the British surrender at Yorktown. Patriot forces, led by Major General Nathaniel Greene, faced off against British loyalists in North Carolina. This confrontation was crucial as it solidified the weakening grip of British troops in the southern colonies. The battle resulted in a notable victory for the Patriots, bolstering morale among the American forces and demonstrating their ability to challenge loyalist strength effectively.

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Military & Warfare

Cornwallis Surrenders at Yorktown

October 17th, 1781 243 years ago

British General Charles Cornwallis surrendered to General George Washington at Yorktown, marking the end of major combat in the American Revolutionary War. After weeks of siege, the combined American and French forces effectively cornered Cornwallis's troops. This decisive victory was key to securing future negotiations for American independence, as it significantly weakened British resolve and military presence in the colonies.

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Military & Warfare

Victory at Yorktown Ends Major Fighting

October 19th, 1781 243 years ago

The siege of Yorktown culminated in the surrender of British General Cornwallis's forces. After weeks of besiegement, American and French troops successfully trapped the British in Yorktown, Virginia. Led by General George Washington and the French General Marquis de Lafayette, the coalition achieved a decisive victory, marking a turning point in the American Revolutionary War. The surrender occurred at a time when British morale was low, having failed to secure decisive victories in the colonies.

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Politics & Government

Patent of Toleration Approved in Austria

October 20th, 1781 243 years ago

The Patent of Toleration allowed limited freedom of worship for non-Catholics in Austria, primarily benefiting Protestants and Eastern Orthodox Christians. This notable decree was approved by Emperor Joseph II, aiming to modernize and improve religious harmony within his diverse empire while influencing Enlightenment ideas on religious freedom.

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Crime & Law

Zong massacre: 54 Africans murdered for insurance

November 29th, 1781 243 years ago

The crew of the British slave ship Zong decided to murder 54 enslaved Africans by throwing them into the sea. This brutal act was committed to claim insurance against loss of cargo during the slave voyage from Africa to the West Indies. The incident occurred due to a shortage of provisions and was calculated to maximize compensation under the ship's insurance policy. The captains justified their actions by claiming the Africans were overboard due to illness, leading to legal proceedings and public outrage.

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