What Happened This Year 1853

Historical Events from This Year 1853 (View all 12)

Social Movements & Civil Rights

Solomon Northup's Memoir Becomes Bestseller

January 4th, 1853 172 years ago

Solomon Northup, a free African American man, was kidnapped and sold into slavery, enduring twelve harrowing years in the Southern United States. Upon regaining his freedom, he narrated his experiences in the memoir 'Twelve Years a Slave,' which unfolded the brutal realities of slavery. The book quickly ascended to a national bestseller status, raising public awareness about the inhumane conditions faced by enslaved individuals and igniting discussions about the institution of slavery.

Continue Reading
Arts & Culture

Premiere of Verdi's Il trovatore in Rome

January 19th, 1853 172 years ago

Giuseppe Verdi's opera 'Il trovatore' premiered at the Teatro Apollo in Rome, captivating audiences with its dramatic narrative and beautiful melodies. The opera, based on a play by Antonio Garcia Gutiérrez, featured themes of love, revenge, and fate, showcasing Verdi's masterful composition skills. Critics praised its passionate arias and intense orchestration, establishing Verdi's reputation as a leading opera composer. The premiere marked a significant moment in the development of Italian opera in the 19th century.

Continue Reading
Transportation & Infrastructure

First Passenger Train Journey in India

April 16th, 1853 171 years ago

The Great Indian Peninsula Railway inaugurated the first passenger train service in India, marking the beginning of railway transport in the country. The journey stretched from Bori Bunder in Mumbai to Thane, covering around 34 kilometers. The inaugural trip was a significant milestone and showcased the potential of railways to transform transportation and commerce in India. A steam locomotive, named the ' Sahib,' pulled the train, which included 14 carriages. The event drew massive crowds and was celebrated as a monumental occasion for both the British and Indians, symbolizing progress and modernization.

Continue Reading
Military & Warfare

Russian Army Incursion into Danubian Principalities

July 2nd, 1853 171 years ago

In July 1853, the Russian Army crossed the Prut River into Moldavia and Wallachia, two regions under Ottoman suzerainty. This military action marked the beginning of Russian expansion into the Balkans, encouraged by the weakening Ottoman Empire. The incursion aimed to secure Russian interests and assert dominance in Eastern Europe, igniting tensions with other European powers. This bold maneuver eventually played a crucial role in provoking the Crimean War, as Britain and France intervened to check Russian ambitions in the region.

Continue Reading
Politics & Government

Perry Expedition's Arrival in Edo Bay

July 8th, 1853 171 years ago

In July 1853, Commodore Matthew Perry of the U.S. Navy arrived in Edo Bay, Japan, aboard four American warships. He brought a treaty requesting trade and diplomatic relations with Japan, marking a turning point in Japanese isolationism. The arrival of the Perry Expedition symbolized the West's increasing influence in Asia and the pressing need for Japan to engage with foreign nations.

Continue Reading
Economics & Industry

First Major US World's Fair Opens in NYC

July 14th, 1853 171 years ago

The Exhibition of the Industry of All Nations commenced in New York City, showcasing innovations from around the world. Held at the Crystal Palace, this fair attracted over a million visitors, featuring exhibits from countries like Great Britain, France, and the United States. It highlighted advancements in manufacturing, technology, and culture, illustrating America's growing industrial prowess. The event aimed to foster international cooperation and commerce, demonstrating the interconnectedness of the global economy during the mid-19th century.

Continue Reading

Born in 1853 (View all 77)

Sophie Elkan

Swedish writer and literary figure
Born
January 3rd, 1853 172 years ago
Died
April 5th, 1921 103 years ago — 68 years old

Born in Sweden in 1853, a significant literary figure emerged, contributing to the cultural landscape through various writings, including novels, essays, and reviews. Much of the work explored women's issues and societal roles, reflecting contemporary thought processes. In later years, established connections with leading intellectuals of the time. Engage in literary circles that fostered dialogue on important topics. Writings remain a reference point for scholars of Swedish literature, illustrating the literary climate of the late 19th century.

Continue Reading

Jessie Bond

Mezzo-soprano in Gilbert and Sullivan operas
Born
January 10th, 1853 172 years ago
Died
1942 83 years ago — 89 years old

Engaged primarily with the comic operas of Gilbert and Sullivan, performed with prominent companies during the late 19th century. Specialized in mezzo-soprano roles, showcasing a distinctive vocal quality and comedic timing. Major contributions included roles in classic productions such as 'The Mikado' and 'H.M.S. Pinafore'. Regarded for extensive performances in England and at the Savoy Theatre, where many of these operas debuted and became popular.

Continue Reading

Georgios Jakobides

Greek painter and sculptor of portraits
Born
January 11th, 1853 172 years ago
Died
December 13th, 1932 92 years ago — 79 years old

Born in 1853, this artist became a prominent figure in the Greek art scene. Influenced by the European art movements of the time, he produced numerous portraits that conveyed the essence of his subjects. His works often reflected the cultural identity of Greece during a transformative period. He participated in many exhibitions, gaining recognition for his detailed representation and mastery of color and form. His contributions included not only paintings but also sculptural work, showcasing versatility in artistic expression.

Continue Reading

Gregorio Ricci-Curbastro

Italian mathematician and tensor calculus pioneer
Born
January 12th, 1853 172 years ago
Died
August 6th, 1925 99 years ago — 72 years old

Born in Italy in 1853, contributions to mathematics focused on tensor calculus. Developed the mathematical framework essential for the theory of relativity. Worked at the University of Bologna and published significant works that laid the groundwork for modern differential geometry. Collaborated with students and scholars, influencing mathematical education in Italy and abroad. His legacy endures through the continued application of his theories in various fields, including physics and engineering.

Continue Reading

Ian Standish Monteith Hamilton

Greek-English general
Born
January 16th, 1853 172 years ago
Died
1947 78 years ago — 94 years old

Graduated from the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich. Served in various campaigns, including the Second Boer War. Played a key role in World War I as the commander of the Mediterranean Expeditionary Force during the Gallipoli Campaign. Oversaw operations that faced logistical challenges and high casualties. Wrote memoirs detailing military experiences and strategies, contributing to military literature.

Continue Reading

Johnston Forbes-Robertson

English actor and theater manager
Born
January 16th, 1853 172 years ago
Died
1937 88 years ago — 84 years old

Born in 1853, an English actor and theater manager emerged as one of the leading figures in the theatrical world during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Renowned for Shakespearean roles, he gained acclaim for performances in productions such as 'Hamlet' and 'Othello'. As a theater manager, he significantly influenced the development of the English stage, notably through his leadership at the Lyceum Theatre in London, where he staged numerous successful plays and established new standards in theatrical production and performance. His contribution to theater included distinguishing productions and innovations that shaped the direction of modern English theater.

Continue Reading

People Who Died in 1853 (View all 30)

Gregory Blaxland

Explorer and early settler of Australia
Born
June 17th, 1778 246 years ago
Died
January 1st, 1853 172 years ago — 74 years old

An Australian farmer and explorer, contributed to the exploration of New South Wales. In 1813, led the first successful crossing of the Blue Mountains, which opened up new land for settlement. His journey played a significant role in the expansion of the agricultural frontier in Australia. Blaxland's work established essential routes that facilitated further exploration and colonization of the interior regions of New South Wales.

Continue Reading

Christian Leopold von Buch

German geologist and paleontologist
Born
April 26th, 1774 250 years ago
Died
March 4th, 1853 172 years ago — 78 years old

Contributed significantly to the field of geology and paleontology. Participated in geological studies of the Canary Islands and the Alps. Developed theories regarding the formation of mountains and the origin of various geological features. Made substantial contributions to understanding stratigraphy and fossil sequences.

Continue Reading

Christian Doppler

Physicist known for the Doppler effect
Born
November 29th, 1803 221 years ago
Died
March 17th, 1853 171 years ago — 49 years old

An Austrian physicist and mathematician contributed significantly to the field of wave theory and sound. The Doppler effect, named after, describes the change in frequency or wavelength of waves in relation to an observer moving relative to the source of the waves. This concept has applications across various fields, including astronomy, meteorology, and engineering. His research laid foundational principles that enhanced the understanding of sound and light. In addition to wave theory, conducted investigations in color theory and formed a basis for future studies in optics. Held a position at the University of Prague and engaged in various scientific inquiries, fostering developments in physics.

Continue Reading

Leopold Gmelin

German chemist and academic leader
Born
August 2nd, 1788 236 years ago
Died
April 13th, 1853 171 years ago — 64 years old

An influential chemist and academic, contributed significantly to the field of chemistry in the 19th century. Served as a professor at the University of Heidelberg and played a pivotal role in the development of chemical education. Published numerous works, including 'Handbuch der Chemie', which became a standard reference for students and professionals alike in Europe. The chemical element gmelinium was named in his honor, reflecting his contributions to the understanding of chemistry.

Continue Reading

James Iredell Jr.

American lawyer and 23rd Governor of NC
Born
1788 237 years ago
Died
April 13th, 1853 171 years ago — 65 years old

Served as the 23rd Governor of North Carolina, holding office from 1827 to 1828. Participated in the early development of the legal system in North Carolina. Engaged in various legal practices and earned a reputation as a notable legal mind in the state. Contributed to local governance and legal education during a pivotal time in North Carolina's history.

Continue Reading

Ludwig Tieck

German author and romantic poet
Born
May 31st, 1773 251 years ago
Died
April 28th, 1853 171 years ago — 79 years old

A significant figure in German literature, contributed to the Romantic movement through poetry, prose, and plays. His works often explored themes of imagination and the supernatural. Wrote fairy tales and influenced later writers with his critical essays. Collaborated with contemporaries such as E.T.A. Hoffmann and contributed to literary journals. His most notable works include 'The Old Town', 'The Pictures of the Past', and various translations of Shakespeare.

Continue Reading