What Happened This Year 1854

Historical Events from This Year 1854 (View all 27)

Exploration & Discovery

Discovery of the McDonald Islands by McDonald

January 4th, 1854 171 years ago

Captain William McDonald aboard the Samarang discovered the McDonald Islands in the Southern Ocean during an exploratory mission. The discovery added to the known geographic features of the region, marking a significant point in maritime exploration during the mid-19th century. This remote archipelago is situated approximately midway between the Kerguelen Islands and Heard Island.

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Accidents & Tragedies

RMS Tayleur's tragic maiden voyage

January 21st, 1854 171 years ago

The RMS Tayleur sank off Lambay Island during her first journey from Liverpool to Australia, resulting in a significant loss of life. The ship, a clipper vessel, encountered severe weather conditions that led to her capsizing. Of the 650 passengers and crew aboard, many tragically perished in the icy waters. This disaster highlighted the dangers of sea travel during that era.

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Education & Academia

Foundation of the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology

February 7th, 1854 171 years ago

In an effort to advance higher education in Switzerland, a law was approved to establish the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology. This initiative aimed to promote scientific and technical education, responding to the emerging industrial needs of the country. The founding of this institution was a significant step towards integrating advanced knowledge and research into Swiss society. Lectures commenced on October 16, 1855, marking the start of a new educational era.

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Politics & Government

UK Recognizes Independence of Orange Free State

February 17th, 1854 171 years ago

The United Kingdom officially recognized the independence of the Orange Free State in 1854. This recognition followed the establishment of the Orange Free State by the Boer settlers after their migration from the Cape Colony. The move was largely motivated by the desire for self-governance and autonomy from British colonial rule. Located in southern Africa, the Orange Free State was known for its rich agricultural land and its strategic importance in relation to British interests in the region.

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Politics & Government

Independence Declaration of the Orange Free State

February 23rd, 1854 171 years ago

The independence of the Orange Free State from the British Empire was formally declared, establishing a new republic in Southern Africa. This declaration followed a series of negotiations and conflicts, leading to the establishment of self-rule for the area's Boer settlers. The Orange Free State became recognized for its own government and societal structures. This declaration symbolized a desire for autonomy and self-determination among the Afrikaner population in the region.

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Technology & Innovation

First Official Perforated Postage Stamp Issued

February 24th, 1854 171 years ago

The Penny Red, featuring perforations, was issued for distribution. This innovation allowed stamps to be easily separated and marked a significant advancement in postal services. The British postal system officially embraced the convenience of perforated stamps, aimed at streamlining mail processing. This change reflected the growing need for efficiency in communications during the 19th century.

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Born in 1854 (View all 90)

Thomas Waddell

Irish-Australian politician and Premier
Born
January 1st, 1854 171 years ago
Died
October 25th, 1940 84 years ago — 86 years old

Served as the 15th Premier of New South Wales, assuming office in 1891. Represented the Labor Party and was notable for his advocacy of workers' rights and land reform. Held various government positions prior to premiership, including Minister for Public Works. His leadership during a time of economic difficulty was marked by efforts to address labor issues and infrastructural development.

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James George Frazer

Anthropologist and cultural theorist
Born
January 1st, 1854 171 years ago
Died
May 7th, 1941 83 years ago — 87 years old

Contributed significantly to the study of anthropology, particularly through the publication of 'The Golden Bough'. This work explored myth, ritual, and beliefs across cultures, examining the evolution of religious thought. The scholarship focused on comparing various belief systems and highlighted the similarities between ancient and modern practices. Also served as a prominent academic figure, influencing the field with theories relating to magic, religion, and culture.

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Jennie Jerome

Socialite and mother of Winston Churchill
Born
January 9th, 1854 171 years ago
Died
1921 104 years ago — 67 years old

Born in Brooklyn, a prominent figure in British society and a socialite, played a significant role in high society during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Married Lord Randolph Churchill, a notable British politician, and became the mother of Winston Churchill, who later served as British Prime Minister. Actively participated in political discussions and hosted many influential figures at her gatherings. Her connections and influence were vital in shaping her son's political career.

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Ramón Corral

Mexican politician and general, Vice President
Born
January 10th, 1854 171 years ago
Died
1912 113 years ago — 58 years old

Served as the 6th Vice President of Mexico from 1904 to 1911. Participated actively in military and political affairs during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Held significant influence during the presidency of Porfirio Díaz. Appointed various military and political roles, shaping military strategy and governance in Mexico.

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Thomas A. Watson

Assistant to Alexander Graham Bell
Born
January 18th, 1854 171 years ago
Died
1934 91 years ago — 80 years old

Assisted Alexander Graham Bell in his experiments with the electric telephone. Contributed to the first successful voice transmission on March 10, 1876, when Bell famously said, 'Mr. Watson, come here; I want to see you'. Worked with Bell in developing various telecommunication devices, becoming a key figure in early telephone history. Later involved in the establishment of the Bell Telephone Company, which played a vital role in the expansion of telephone service across the United States.

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Karl Julius Beloch

German classical historian and economist
Born
January 21st, 1854 171 years ago
Died
1929 96 years ago — 75 years old

Contributed significantly to the understanding of classical antiquity and the economy of ancient Rome. Conducted extensive research and published numerous works that focused on the social and economic aspects of Greek and Roman history. His analytical approach provided a framework for integrating historical narrative with economic theory. Elevated the study of demographics in ancient societies, emphasizing quantitative analysis. Worked as a professor and influential in shaping academic discourse within the field of history.

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People Who Died in 1854 (View all 33)

Thomas Campbell

Irish minister and theologian
Born
February 1st, 1763 262 years ago
Died
June 15th, 1844 180 years ago — 81 years old

Born in 1763 in Ireland, served as a prominent minister and theologian. Played a significant role in the Restoration Movement, advocating for Christian unity and church reform. Established the Campbellites, a group seeking to restore the New Testament church's practices. Contributed to theological discourse through writings that emphasized reason and scripture as the foundation for faith. Campaigned for a return to the simple teachings of Jesus, influencing various denominations.

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José Joaquín de Herrera

Mexican politician and general
Born
February 23rd, 1792 233 years ago
Died
February 10th, 1854 171 years ago — 61 years old

Served as President of Mexico from 1844 to 1845 and briefly in 1854. Held significant military roles during the Mexican-American War. Participated in multiple battles and negotiations, influencing key political dynamics of the era. Played a role in drafting important legislation aimed at stabilizing the country.

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John Martin

Painter and illustrator of 'The Great Day of His Wrath'
Born
July 19th, 1789 235 years ago
Died
February 17th, 1854 171 years ago — 64 years old

An English painter, engraver, and illustrator, contributed significantly to the romantic era of art. His artworks often depicted dramatic biblical themes and apocalyptic visions. Martin's notable painting, 'The Great Day of His Wrath', showcased his unique style and artistic vision, garnering attention and acclaim. Additionally, he illustrated works for prominent authors, including 'Paradise Lost' by John Milton, blending literary themes with visual art. His innovative use of light and composition influenced contemporaries and left a lasting legacy in the world of painting.

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Charles Vane

Irish Colonel and Diplomat
Born
May 18th, 1778 246 years ago
Died
March 6th, 1854 171 years ago — 75 years old

Served as an Irish colonel and diplomat during the 19th century. Held the position of Under-Secretary of State for War and the Colonies, contributing to military and colonial administration. Engaged in diplomacy relating to military affairs, impacting British colonial policy.

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Jean-Baptiste de Villèle

French politician and Prime Minister
Born
April 14th, 1773 251 years ago
Died
March 13th, 1854 171 years ago — 80 years old

Served as the Prime Minister of France from 1821 to 1828. Took office during a period of political turbulence following the Bourbon Restoration. Implemented various economic reforms and sought to stabilize the French economy. Oversaw legislative measures that aimed to strengthen conservative policies, including the support of the monarchy. Resigned amid declining popularity and growing opposition, leaving a legacy of significant political influence during the Restoration era.

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Pedro María de Anaya

Mexican soldier and President (1847-1848)
Born
May 20th, 1795 229 years ago
Died
March 21st, 1854 170 years ago — 58 years old

Served as a soldier in the Mexican-American War and held the position of President of Mexico from 1847 to 1848. During presidency, faced challenges arising from the war and internal political instability. Resigned amid pressures from both foreign and domestic factions. His government oversaw significant territorial losses for Mexico as a result of the war with the United States.

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