What Happened This Year 1861
Historical Events from This Year 1861 (View all 81)
Liberal Forces Capture Mexico City
Liberal forces led by Benito Juárez entered Mexico City, marking a significant moment in the struggle for Mexican reform. After years of conflict, the victory represented the restoration of Juárez's government and liberal ideals over conservative opposition. This moment came after the instability following the Reform War, highlighting the ongoing tensions between different factions within the country.
Continue ReadingDelaware Rejects Secession from the Union
The state of Delaware held a vote on whether to secede from the United States amid rising tensions before the American Civil War. Despite its geographic location and cultural ties to the South, Delaware's legislature ultimately voted against secession. The decision reflected a desire to remain part of the Union, highlighting the state's complex position between Northern and Southern ideologies.
Continue ReadingStar of the West Incident Near Charleston
The 'Star of the West,' a merchant ship, was fired upon while attempting to deliver supplies to Fort Sumter in Charleston Harbor. This action was significant as it marked one of the first aggressive military actions in the unfolding tensions between the North and South. Confederate forces aimed to assert control over the fort, which was a symbol of Union presence in the South. Their firing served as a clear signal of the rising hostilities that would escalate into the American Civil War.
Continue ReadingMississippi's Secession from the Union
Mississippi became the second state to secede from the United States on January 9, 1861. The secession followed South Carolina's earlier decision in December 1860, as tensions rose over states' rights and slavery. A special convention in Jackson ratified the secession after a heated debate, reflecting the prevailing pro-slavery sentiment and desire for autonomy among Southern states. This critical moment signaled a deepening rift between the North and South, setting the stage for the ensuing American Civil War.
Continue ReadingFlorida Becomes Third State to Secede
Florida declared its secession from the Union in early January 1861, following South Carolina and Mississippi. The decision, made at a secession convention in Tallahassee, was motivated by the growing tensions over states' rights and slavery. Delegates voted overwhelmingly to leave the Union, citing threats to the institution of slavery. This decision prompted Florida to join the Confederacy and laid the groundwork for future military actions in the state during the Civil War.
Continue ReadingAlabama's Secession from the Union
Alabama officially seceded from the Union, marking a significant step in the escalation toward the Civil War. The decision was made by the Alabama legislature in an effort to align the state with Southern states prioritizing slavery and states' rights. This act was part of a larger movement where several southern states took action against the federal authority in response to the election of Abraham Lincoln. Montgomery was chosen as the temporary capital of the Confederacy soon after.
Continue ReadingBorn in 1861 (View all 120)
William Renshaw
Participated in the early years of modern tennis and achieved notable success in the sport. Secured seven Wimbledon Championships between 1881 and 1889, establishing a dominant presence in men's singles tennis during that era. Played a key role in popularizing the sport in England, contributing to the sport's growth and prominence. Known for strong serve and volley techniques, which were innovative at the time.
Continue ReadingErnest Renshaw
An English tennis player achieved significant success in the late 19th century. Competed at Wimbledon, where won the gentlemen's singles title in 1888 and 1889. Gained recognition as one of the leading players of his time. Participated in various tournaments and contributed to the sport's growth during its formative years.
Continue ReadingGeorge Lloyd
Born in England, a significant figure within the Anglican Church. Served as the Bishop of the Diocese of Keewatin in Canada. Contributed to various theological discussions and writings, influencing religious thought in the regions where active ministry took place. Held formal education in theology, engaging in key ecclesiastical duties during assertive periods of church growth. Engaged with community faith leaders and the broader Anglican community, shaping local and regional church governance.
Continue ReadingVictor Horta
Renowned as a pioneer of Art Nouveau architecture. Studied in Brussels and became influential in the movement characterized by organic forms and intricate designs. Established a distinctive style that emphasized harmony between structure and decoration. Designed several notable buildings in Brussels, including the Hôtel van Eetvelde and the Tassel House. His works integrated innovative materials and techniques that advanced architectural design in the late 19th century.
Continue ReadingMax Nonne
Contributed extensively to neurology and psychiatry. Developed theories related to the understanding of neurological disorders. Engaged in academic work as well as clinical practices, influencing future generations of neurologists. Published works that were referenced in the development of modern neurological practices.
Continue ReadingMehmed VI
Born in 1861, served as the last Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1918 until the abolition of the sultanate in 1922. His reign coincided with the tumultuous period of World War I and the subsequent occupation of Istanbul. Oversaw the empire during significant political and social changes, including the rise of nationalist movements. After the defeat of the Ottoman Empire, fled to Italy. His reign marked the end of a centuries-old dynasty that had ruled over vast territories, including parts of Europe, Asia, and Africa.
Continue ReadingPeople Who Died in 1861 (View all 40)
Frederick William IV of Prussia
Ruled Prussia from 1840 until 1861. Attempted to implement a constitutional monarchy after the revolutions of 1848. Promoted art and architecture, commissioning the reconstruction of the Berlin City Palace. Faced criticism for reactionary policies and later refused the German imperial crown offered in 1849. A patron of the arts, contributed to the cultural development of Prussia.
Continue ReadingVáclav Hanka
A prominent philologist and author contributed significantly to Czech literature and linguistics. Hanka played a key role in the Czech National Revival and focused on the preservation and promotion of Czech heritage. He collected and published old Czech texts, which established him as an important figure in the study of Czech language and literature. His works aimed to rekindle national pride in Czech culture during a time of foreign dominance. Hanka's scholarly pursuits included producing various linguistic studies and historical analyses, which helped lay the groundwork for future generations of scholars in Slavic studies.
Continue ReadingLola Montez
Originated from Ireland, an actress and dancer gained notoriety in the mid-19th century through performances in Europe and America. Best recognized for the exotic dance known as the 'Spider Dance,' which captivated audiences and led to controversial fame. Involved in various affairs, including a notable relationship with King Ludwig I of Bavaria, which eventually resulted in her influence over his court. Her career took her across different countries, and her presence contributed to theatrical culture during a vibrant period for performing arts.
Continue ReadingThéophane Vénard
Served as a missionary in Vietnam during the 19th century. Arrived in Vietnam in 1853, promoting Catholicism and establishing missions. Faced persecution due to religious activities, which were viewed unfavorably by the authorities. Captured in 1861, leading to martyrdom. Recognized for dedication to faith and work among the Vietnamese people.
Continue ReadingTaras Shevchenko
Born in 1814, a poet and playwright emerged as a significant figure in Ukrainian literature. His works reflected the struggles and aspirations of the Ukrainian people under oppressive conditions. Shevchenko's poetry often addressed themes of national identity and social justice, contributing to the rise of Ukrainian cultural awareness. His journey from serfdom to becoming an influential literary figure symbolized the spirit of resistance and resilience of Ukraine. Works such as 'Kobzar' contained collections of poems that illustrated his deep connection to Ukrainian folklore and history. He spent years in exile, enduring hardships while advocating for the rights of Ukrainians through his artistic expression.
Continue ReadingJohn McLean
Competed in hurdles and played football during college at the University of Wisconsin. Transitioned into coaching football after an athletic career, contributing to the development of the sport at various institutions. Served as head football coach at multiple colleges, including the University of Wisconsin and Butler University.
Continue Reading