What Happened This Year 1878

Born in 1878

Maurice René Fréchet

French mathematician and academic
Born
1878 147 years ago
Died
June 4th, 1973 51 years ago — 95 years old

Contributed significantly to mathematics, particularly in functional analysis and topology. Developed the concept of Fréchet spaces, which are a generalization of metric spaces. Engaged in various teaching and academic roles at institutions in France, influencing numerous students and mathematicians. Published extensively, with many seminal papers and articles shaping the field of modern mathematics.

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Chen Qimei

Chinese revolutionary leader
Born
1878 147 years ago
Died
May 18th, 1916 108 years ago — 38 years old

A prominent Chinese revolutionary leader involved in the overthrow of the Qing dynasty. Played a significant role in the establishment of the Republic of China. Actively participated in revolutionary activities against imperial rule and was associated with the Tongmenghui, a secret society dedicated to the republican cause. After the successful revolution, held the position of the Minister of Military Affairs. Faced significant opposition and repression from rival factions. Assassinated in 1916 due to political rivalries and unrest within the country.

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Slava Raškaj

Croatian painter of landscapes and flowers
Born
1878 147 years ago
Died
March 29th, 1906 118 years ago — 28 years old

A prominent Croatian painter, specialized in landscape and still life painting during the late 19th century. Raškaj developed a unique style characterized by impressionistic techniques, capturing the essence of the Croatian countryside. Studied under renowned artists, cultivated a deep appreciation for light and color. Exhibited works prominently in various galleries across Croatia and received several accolades for artistic contributions. Raškaj's paintings reflect a profound connection with nature and the rural environment of Croatia. Significant works continue to be appreciated in contemporary collections.

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Said Nursî

Turkish theologian and scholar of Islam
Born
1878 147 years ago
Died
March 23rd, 1960 64 years ago — 82 years old

A prominent Turkish theologian and scholar focused on Islamic teachings and philosophy. Contributed significantly to modern Islamic thought through writings and advocacy for the teachings of Islam. Developed an interpretation of faith and reason, emphasizing the necessity of education and science in understanding religious texts. Established a network of followers and religious schools that promoted his teachings and interpretations. Faced political opposition and imprisonment during the rise of secularism in Turkey, yet continued to influence many through his published works. His notable series of texts, the Risale-i Nur, provided an accessible explanation of Islamic principles and spirituality.

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Sidney Myer

Businessman, founder of Myer Stores
Born
1878 147 years ago
Died
September 5th, 1934 90 years ago — 56 years old

A Russian-Australian businessman established a department store chain that bears his name. The first Myer store opened in 1900 in Bendigo, Victoria, and experienced rapid expansion throughout Australia. The business model focused on customer service and a wide selection of goods, contributing to its popularity. Sidney Myer was also known for philanthropic efforts, especially in the arts. Myer's influence on retail in Australia has been notable, and his legacy continues through the continued operations of Myer Stores.

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Vincent de Moro-Giafferi

French lawyer and politician
Born
1878 147 years ago
Died
February 15th, 1956 69 years ago — 78 years old

Practiced law in France and entered politics, holding various positions. Contributed to legal reforms and focused on civil rights. Played a significant role in political discourse during the early to mid-20th century. Engaged in legal matters involving notable public figures and had an influence on contemporary legal practices.

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Berta Ruck

Welsh romance novelist with many works
Born
1878 147 years ago
Died
August 11th, 1978 46 years ago — 100 years old

Born in India and later residing in Wales, a prolific romance novelist published numerous novels throughout the early to mid-20th century. Early works included 'The Amazing Marriage' and 'The Honorable Miss,' which explored themes of love and relationships. Contributed to magazine serials and became a recognized figure in romantic literature, often focusing on romantic escapades and societal norms of the era. Engaged in writing that appealed to a wide readership, shaping the genre in both the UK and beyond.

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Abraham Walkowitz

American painter of modernist works
Born
1878 147 years ago
Died
January 27th, 1965 60 years ago — 87 years old

Associated with the Modernist movement, created a range of abstract and expressionistic paintings throughout his career. His artwork often explored themes of light, color, and movement, reflecting the vibrancy of urban life. Walkowitz’s works were exhibited in numerous galleries and museums, contributing to the development of American modern art. He was influenced by both European painting techniques and American cultural elements, resulting in a unique style that merged various artistic trends.

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Sadri Maksudi Arsal

Turkish scholar and politician
Born
1878 147 years ago
Died
February 20th, 1957 68 years ago — 79 years old

Contributed to Turkish nationalism and education reform through scholarly work and political activity. Advocated for the modernization of Turkey and the integration of Western ideas into Turkish education. Served as a deputy in the Grand National Assembly. Actively participated in discussions regarding national identity and cultural development in the early Republican era.

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