Alfred Ploetz
German physician and eugenicist
A physician and biologist, Ploetz contributed to the field of eugenics, advocating for selective breeding in humans to promote desirable traits. He was one of the early proponents of eugenics in Germany, establishing foundations that influenced later policies. His work focused on the intersection of biology and society, suggesting ways to improve the population through genetic principles. Ploetz published various works that outlined his ideas and proposed methods for promoting what he considered 'racial health.' His influence permeated through scientific circles and eventually impacted broader societal views on genetics.
Founded the German Society for Racial Science
Published 'Naturgeschichte der Familie' in 1895
Other People Born on August 22nd
Milan I of Serbia
King of Serbia, established monarchy
Born
August 22nd, 1854 171 years ago
Died
February 11th, 1901 124 years ago — 46 years old
Became the first King of Serbia in 1882 after serving as Prince. Led Serbia during the Serbian-Turkish War and expanded territories, achieving significant victories. His reign was marked by modernization and centralization of the state. Abdicated in 1889 amid political challenges and personal conflicts. Lived in exile until his death in 1901.
Continue ReadingDeng Xiaoping
Chinese politician and leader
Born
August 22nd, 1904 121 years ago
Died
February 19th, 1997 28 years ago — 92 years old
A prominent Chinese politician, held various roles in the government including Vice Premier and paramount leader during a significant reform period. Instrumental in China's economic reforms, aimed at transitioning from a command economy to a socialist market economy. Oversaw the introduction of policies that encouraged foreign investment and innovation, leading to rapid economic growth. Played a crucial role in the establishment of Special Economic Zones, transforming China's economy and global standing. His governance included a commitment to modernization and opening up the country.
Continue ReadingMax Scheler
German philosopher and author
Born
August 22nd, 1874 151 years ago
Died
1928 97 years ago — 54 years old
Contributed significantly to phenomenology and ethics, focusing on the nature of feeling and values. Developed a unique philosophical anthropology that explored human experience and values beyond mere rationality. Authored influential works including 'Formalism in Ethics and Non-Formal Ethics of Values' which critiqued traditional ethical theories. His ideas influenced various fields, including sociology and psychology, particularly regarding the emotional basis of human relations and moral values.
Continue ReadingJacques Lipchitz
Sculptor renowned for modernist works
Born
August 22nd, 1891 134 years ago
Died
1973 52 years ago — 82 years old
Born in Lithuania, this artist became a prominent figure in modernist sculpture, later moving to Italy. His works merged Cubism with organic forms, showcasing a unique style that contributed to the evolution of contemporary sculpture. Notable pieces include 'The King and Queen' and 'The Guitarist', which illustrate innovative techniques and forms. Throughout his career, he engaged with themes of movement and fragmentation, influencing many artists. He became a naturalized American citizen and worked extensively in the United States, where he created many significant sculptures. His contributions are widely recognized in various museum collections.
Continue ReadingSalih Yoluç
Turkish race car driver, endurance racer
Born
August 22nd, 1985 40 years ago
Competed in various endurance racing events and participated in notable races such as the 24 Hours of Le Mans. Achieved success in the European Le Mans Series with significant performances. Also raced in the FIA World Endurance Championship. Has been involved in GT racing, driving for teams in high-profile events.
Continue ReadingFrederick II
Margrave of Brandenburg and ruler
Born
August 22nd, 1412 613 years ago
Died
February 10th, 1471 554 years ago — 58 years old
Held the title of Margrave of Brandenburg and was a key figure in the political landscape of the Holy Roman Empire during the 15th century. Governed Brandenburg from 1415 until death in 1471, consolidating power and influence in the region. Engaged in various military campaigns and diplomatic efforts to enhance his territory's autonomy. Fostered economic development and trade in Brandenburg, contributing to its growth.
Continue ReadingOther People Who Died on March 20th
Adrienne Lecouvreur
French actress and tragic performer
Born
April 5th, 1692 333 years ago
Died
March 20th, 1730 295 years ago — 37 years old
This actress gained acclaim for performances in the French theater during the early 18th century. Lecouvreur became particularly celebrated for her portrayals in works by prominent playwrights of the time, including Racine and Corneille. Her style and emotional depth greatly influenced the art of acting, and she became a pivotal figure in the transition towards modern theater. Lecturing on her craft, she attracted large audiences and established a reputation as an exceptional tragic actress. Her untimely death in 1730 led to rumors of poisoning, which contributed to her mythos in theatrical history.
Continue ReadingMalcolm Fraser
Australian Prime Minister, 1975-1983
Born
May 21st, 1930 95 years ago
Died
March 20th, 2015 10 years ago — 84 years old
Served as the 22nd Prime Minister of Australia from 1975 to 1983. Led the Liberal Party of Australia and governed during a period marked by significant economic challenges and social change. Focused on issues such as immigration, foreign policy, and national security. Advocated for human rights and the dismantling of racial discrimination in Australia.
Continue ReadingJoseph Aspdin
English businessman and cement inventor
Born
1788 237 years ago
Died
March 20th, 1855 170 years ago — 67 years old
A significant figure in the history of construction, a businessman pioneered the development of Portland cement in the early 19th century. The invention, which involved heating limestone and clay in a kiln, allowed for stronger building materials that contributed to the modernization of construction techniques. This innovative cement became widely used, laying the groundwork for future advancements in concrete technology. The first patent for Portland cement was granted in 1824, which established a foundation for the cement industry.
Continue ReadingJames Justinian Morier
Turkish-English author and diplomat
Born
1780 245 years ago
Died
March 20th, 1849 176 years ago — 69 years old
An influential author and diplomat primarily active in the early 19th century. Morier served as a diplomat in Persia, where his experiences greatly informed his literary works. His notable publications include 'The Adventures of Hajji Baba of Ispahan', which satirizes the Persian culture and provides insights into Persian life during that era. The book gained significant acclaim and was pivotal in introducing Western audiences to Persian society and customs. Morier’s work is recognized for its rich narrative and detail, reflecting his deep understanding of the region.
Continue ReadingHans Christian Lumbye
Danish composer and conductor of operettas
Born
May 2nd, 1810 215 years ago
Died
March 20th, 1874 151 years ago — 63 years old
A prominent Danish composer and conductor, focused primarily on light music and operettas during the 19th century. Founded the Tivoli Gardens Orchestra in Copenhagen, which contributed significantly to the development of light classical music. Composed numerous polkas, waltzes, and overtures that paralleled the style of Johann Strauss II. His works were often performed in major concert halls and had a lasting influence on Danish musical culture.
Continue ReadingLajos Kossuth
Hungarian politician and freedom fighter
Born
September 19th, 1802 223 years ago
Died
March 20th, 1894 131 years ago — 91 years old
A prominent figure in Hungarian history, played a significant role in the 1848 Revolution against Habsburg rule. Led the Hungarian government during the revolution, advocating for national independence and civil liberties. After the failure of the revolution, lived in exile, continuing to support Hungarian independence efforts through writing and speeches. His influence spread across Europe, inspiring various national movements. Eventually returned to Hungary, where he remained a celebrated figure.
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