Ashikaga Yoshiakira
Japanese shōgun during the Muromachi period
Served as the third shōgun of the Ashikaga shogunate from 1351 until 1367. Oversaw the period of the Northern and Southern Courts in Japan, a significant civil conflict that arose during the Nanboku-chō period. Yoshiakira’s leadership was marked by attempts to consolidate power and bring stability to the region amidst the ongoing strife of rival claimants to the throne. Faced with challenges from both internal factions and external pressures, his tenure contributed to the establishment of the Muromachi period's governance framework, which influenced Japanese politics for generations. His rule ended with his death in 1367, leading to a succession crisis.
Served as the third shōgun of the Ashikaga shogunate
Oversaw the Northern and Southern Courts conflict
Other People Born on July 4th
Richard Garriott
Video game designer, Ultima series creator
Born
July 4th, 1961 64 years ago
An English-American video game designer, contributions include the development of the Ultima series, which significantly influenced the role-playing game genre. Garriott's work extended beyond game design; he pursued a successful career as an entrepreneur and involved himself in the gaming community through various innovations. Garriott held a strong interest in technology, used it to explore the virtual worlds he created, and was one of the first developers to leverage online gaming. His dedication to the medium culminated in exploration of space as part of a commercial flight in 2008.
Continue ReadingIva Toguri D'Aquino
American broadcaster and wartime broadcaster
Born
July 4th, 1916 109 years ago
Died
September 26th, 2006 19 years ago — 90 years old
Born in 1916 in Los Angeles, a typist and broadcaster became an infamous voice during World War II. While in Japan, she worked for the Japanese government as a radio broadcaster, adopting the on-air persona of 'Tokyo Rose'. This role involved broadcasting propaganda targeted at Allied troops. Post-war, legal issues arose concerning accusations of treason, which led to a highly publicized trial. Ultimately, the conviction was overturned decades later, acknowledging significant procedural flaws in the original trial.
Continue ReadingHenrietta Swan Leavitt
American astronomer studying Cepheid variables
Born
July 4th, 1868 157 years ago
Died
December 12th, 1921 104 years ago — 53 years old
An American astronomer and academic contributed significantly to the field of astronomy through research on variable stars, specifically Cepheid variables. Developed a method to determine distances to far-off galaxies using the relationship between a Cepheid's luminosity and its pulsation period. This work laid the foundation for later discoveries regarding the expansion of the universe. Worked at the Harvard College Observatory, where many female astronomers operated under the title of 'computers', analyzing star data and making crucial astronomical advancements during the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
Continue ReadingGiuseppe Garibaldi
Italian general and politician
Born
July 4th, 1807 218 years ago
Died
June 2nd, 1882 143 years ago — 74 years old
Born in 1807, a significant figure in the Italian unification movement, played a critical role in the Risorgimento. Commanded the Expedition of the Thousand in 1860, leading volunteer troops to conquer Sicily and Naples, contributing to the establishment of a unified Italy. Additionally, served in various campaigns in South America, advocating for democratic governance and social reforms. Held positions in the Italian government post-unification, further shaping the nation's political landscape.
Continue ReadingDevendra Kumar Joshi
Indian Navy Chief of Naval Staff
Born
July 4th, 1954 71 years ago
Served as the 21st Chief of Naval Staff of the Indian Navy from 2012 to 2014. Commissioned into the Indian Navy in 1974, held various important positions including the Commanding Officer of the aircraft carrier INS Viraat and the Vice Chief of Naval Staff. Contributed to naval operations and strategic planning during tenure. Retired with the rank of Admiral.
Continue ReadingAlfredo Di Stéfano
Legendary football player and coach
Born
July 4th, 1926 99 years ago
Died
July 7th, 2014 11 years ago — 88 years old
Argentinian-Spanish footballer and coach played a crucial role at Real Madrid, contributing to the club's dominance in European football during the 1950s. Renowned for exceptional versatility, Di Stéfano operated as a forward and influenced the game through skillful technique and strategy. He helped Madrid secure five consecutive European Cups from 1956 to 1960, cementing the team's legacy in the tournament's history. After retirement, transitioned into coaching, holding managerial positions for various clubs and national teams.
Continue ReadingOther People Who Died on December 28th
Esther Borja
Cuban soprano and actress
Born
December 5th, 1913 112 years ago
Died
December 28th, 2013 12 years ago — 100 years old
A prominent soprano and actress from Cuba, distinguished for contributions to opera and theater during the 20th century. Significant performances included roles in operas such as 'Carmen' and 'La Traviata'. Her career spanned decades, captivating audiences both in Cuba and internationally. Borja was celebrated for her vocal talent and artistry, becoming a notable figure in the cultural landscape of Cuban music. She also participated in various theatrical productions, showcasing her versatility as a performer.
Continue ReadingGrichka Bogdanoff
Television presenter and scientific essayist
Born
1949 77 years ago
Died
December 28th, 2021 4 years ago — 72 years old
Accomplished in the fields of television and scientific discourse. Presented and co-created the series 'Temps X' which aired from 1979 to 1987, focusing on science and futurism. Authored several works on science, philosophy, and science fiction themes. Played a significant role in popularizing complex scientific concepts in an accessible manner through media. Contributed to the intersection of science and entertainment, influencing public interest in these topics.
Continue ReadingJerry Orbach
Actor and singer of Law & Order fame
Born
October 20th, 1935 90 years ago
Died
December 28th, 2004 21 years ago — 69 years old
An accomplished actor and singer, celebrated for a distinguished career in theater, film, and television. Originated the role of El Gallo in the off-Broadway production of 'The Fantasticks,' contributing significantly to its long-standing success. Gained widespread recognition for portraying Detective Lennie Briscoe on the television series 'Law & Order,' which spanned 12 seasons from 1992 to 2004. Additionally, appeared in notable films such as 'Dirty Dancing' and 'Beauty and the Beast,' lending his voice to the character of Lumière. Renowned for his distinctive baritone voice, which also earned accolades on Broadway.
Continue ReadingLeelah Alcorn
Transgender teen activist
Born
1997 29 years ago
Died
December 28th, 2014 11 years ago — 17 years old
This individual gained attention for their blog post detailing struggles with gender identity and mental health. Following tragic death, the post went viral and sparked discussions on transgender rights and issues faced by LGBTQ+ youth. The event led to increased advocacy for mental health support and policy reforms in various states regarding transgender youth rights.
Continue ReadingBilly Taylor
American jazz pianist and composer
Born
July 24th, 1921 104 years ago
Died
December 28th, 2010 15 years ago — 89 years old
A prominent figure in jazz music, contributed to the genre as a pianist, composer, and educator. Played an essential role in popularizing jazz through performances and recordings. Served as a long-time host of 'Billy Taylor's Jazz' on PBS, showcasing the music and its artists. Worked extensively in music education and was active in various cultural organizations promoting the arts.
Continue ReadingPhilomena Franz
German Romani author and activist
Born
July 21st, 1922 103 years ago
Died
December 28th, 2022 3 years ago — 100 years old
An author and activist focused on the experiences of the Romani people. Wrote 'The Other Side of the Road', detailing the struggles and discrimination faced by the Romani community. Her work contributed to a wider understanding of Romani culture and history. Engaged in public speaking and advocacy, highlighting issues such as social injustice and the importance of cultural preservation.
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