Chiang Kai-shek
Chinese general and politician, 1st President
Led the Nationalist government in China during the early to mid-20th century. Played a key role in the Second Sino-Japanese War by coordinating Chinese resistance against Japanese forces. After the Chinese Civil War, retreated to Taiwan, where established a separate government. Implemented various policies to modernize Taiwan's economy and maintain martial law until 1987.
Led the Republic of China during WWII
Served as the first President of the Republic of China
Established the government in Taiwan after 1949
Other People Born on October 31st
Edward
King of Portugal, founded the Avis Order
Born
October 31st, 1391 634 years ago
Died
September 9th, 1438 587 years ago — 46 years old
Became King of Portugal in 1433 and ruled until 1438. His reign was marked by a focus on the consolidation of royal power and expansion of the kingdom's influence. Established the Order of Aviz, a military order that played a significant role in Portuguese history. Strengthened ties with England through dynastic marriage. Engaged in military campaigns in Africa, furthering Portugal’s maritime interests.
Continue ReadingAnthony Wilding
New Zealand tennis player and cricketer
Born
October 31st, 1883 142 years ago
Died
May 9th, 1915 110 years ago — 31 years old
Competed prominently in tennis and cricket early in the 20th century. Achieved significant success in tennis, capturing four Wimbledon singles titles between 1910 and 1913. Gained recognition for outstanding athletic abilities, becoming a leading figure in New Zealand sports. Also represented New Zealand in cricket, showcasing versatility in both individual and team sports. His contributions laid the groundwork for future generations in New Zealand athletics.
Continue ReadingFritz Walter
German footballer, 1954 World Cup winner
Born
October 31st, 1920 105 years ago
Died
June 17th, 2002 23 years ago — 81 years old
A prominent German footballer, played as an attacking midfielder and forward. Spent the majority of his career at 1. FC Kaiserslautern, where he achieved significant success. Acted as team captain during the 1954 FIFA World Cup, leading Germany to victory against Hungary in the final, a match famously referred to as the 'Miracle of Bern'. His contributions to the sport extended beyond club football, representing the national team in 61 matches and scoring 33 goals. Remembered for his technical skills and leadership.
Continue ReadingAlexander Alekhine
Russian chess player and World Champion
Born
October 31st, 1892 133 years ago
Died
March 24th, 1946 79 years ago — 53 years old
A prominent chess player, achieved the title of World Chess Champion in 1927 and held it until 1935, then regained it from 1937 until death in 1946. Renowned for innovative strategies and complex play, contributed extensively to chess literature, particularly in opening theory. His rivalry with José Raúl Capablanca and subsequent matches are considered pivotal in chess history.
Continue ReadingDarryl Worley
Country Music Singer-Songwriter
Born
October 31st, 1964 61 years ago
Born in 1964, a country music singer-songwriter gained prominence in the early 2000s. Released the album 'Here and Now,' which included the hit single 'Have You Forgotten?' addressing the September 11 attacks. Achieved several top ten hits on the Billboard country charts and earned multiple award nominations throughout the career.
Continue ReadingLuís I of Portugal
King of Portugal and the Algarves
Born
October 31st, 1838 187 years ago
Died
October 19th, 1889 136 years ago — 50 years old
Reign spanned from 1861 to 1889, overseeing significant political and social changes in Portugal. Focused on modernizing the Portuguese economy and infrastructure, particularly in transportation and communications. Engaged in efforts to stabilize the monarchy during a time of political turmoil, including a series of constitutional crises and revolutions. Actively involved in cultural and scientific initiatives, promoting the arts and supporting the establishment of more educational institutions.
Continue ReadingOther People Who Died on April 5th
Makoto Ōoka
Japanese poet and literary critic
Born
1931 94 years ago
Died
April 5th, 2017 8 years ago — 86 years old
A prominent figure in Japanese literature, contributed significantly to poetry and literary criticism. Ōoka published numerous collections of poetry that explored themes of nature, human emotion, and societal change. Worked as a literary critic, offering insightful analysis of contemporary literature and poetry. Served as a professor at several universities, influencing a generation of writers and scholars. His literary works are part of academic discussions on Japanese poetry.
Continue ReadingFrançois Chabot
French politician and revolutionary leader
Born
1756 269 years ago
Died
April 5th, 1794 231 years ago — 38 years old
A prominent figure during the French Revolution, made significant contributions to the political landscape of France. Chabot was a member of the National Convention and was associated with the radical Jacobin faction. He played a key role in advocating for social reforms and the elimination of the monarchy. As a leading voice in revolutionary discussions, focused on issues of justice and equality. His increasing popularity and influence among revolutionaries led to his participation in many debates regarding the future of France post-monarchy. Later, faced challenges in the shifting political climate of revolutionary France, culminating in his arrest and execution during the Reign of Terror.
Continue ReadingPeter Matthiessen
Novel Writer and Paris Review Co-founder
Born
May 22nd, 1927 98 years ago
Died
April 5th, 2014 11 years ago — 86 years old
A prominent American novelist and short story writer, played a significant role in American literature through both creative writing and editorial work. Co-founded The Paris Review, a prestigious literary magazine that has published numerous acclaimed writers. Produced notable works blending fiction and non-fiction, often exploring nature and the human condition. Achieved recognition for both literary and environmental advocacy.
Continue ReadingMaksim Kovalevsky
Russian sociologist and legal scholar
Born
1851 174 years ago
Died
April 5th, 1916 109 years ago — 65 years old
Contributed significantly to the field of sociology and law in Russia. Engaged in the study of social structures and their relation to legal systems. Worked extensively in political economy and social theory. Held a prominent academic position and influenced the development of sociology as a discipline in the early 20th century.
Continue ReadingEgidio Forcellini
Italian philologist and lexicographer
Born
1688 337 years ago
Died
April 5th, 1768 257 years ago — 80 years old
Contributed significantly to the field of philology through comprehensive studies of the Italian language. Authored the influential work 'Vocabolario degli Accademici della Crusca,' which served as a vital resource for scholars and linguists. His research focused on historical linguistics and the etymology of Italian words. His work critically shaped the understanding of Italian lexical history during the 18th century.
Continue ReadingBingu wa Mutharika
Malawian politician and economist
Born
1934 91 years ago
Died
April 5th, 2012 13 years ago — 78 years old
Held the position of the third President of Malawi from 2004 until 2012. Served as the Minister of Economic Planning and Development prior to presidency. Promoted agricultural policies and infrastructure development. Advocated for economic growth and modernization efforts during the tenure as president. Focused on food security initiatives to combat poverty.
Continue Reading