Denis Diderot
Philosopher and critic of the Enlightenment
A prominent figure of the Enlightenment, contributed significantly to philosophy, literary criticism, and the arts. Co-founded the 'Encyclopédie', which aimed to disseminate knowledge and challenge traditional ideas. Wrote extensively on subjects such as aesthetics, ethics, and knowledge. Diderot's philosophical writings posed challenges to established religious and political beliefs, advancing secular thought.
Co-founded the 'Encyclopédie'
Wrote 'Jacques the Fatalist'
Wrote 'Rameau's Nephew'
Other People Born on October 5th
Fritz Fischer
German physician and war criminal
Born
October 5th, 1912 113 years ago
Died
2003 23 years ago — 91 years old
Born in 1912, a physician conducted medical experiments and participated in war crimes during World War II while serving in the Nazi regime. After the war, faced prosecution for involvement in inhumane medical practices on detainees. Convicted of crimes against humanity, received a prison sentence. Fischer's actions in wartime medical practices brought significant attention to ethical concerns in medicine and wartime conduct.
Continue ReadingAlexios III of Trebizond
Byzantine Emperor of Trebizond
Born
October 5th, 1338 687 years ago
Died
1390 636 years ago — 52 years old
Born in 1338, ascended to the throne of the Empire of Trebizond in 1349. Reign marked by territorial expansion and consolidation of power. Oversaw the empire during a period of relative prosperity, focusing on enhancing trade and diplomatic ties with neighboring states. Faced challenges from rival factions and external threats, including the rising power of the Ottomans. His rule ended in 1390 as he faced increasing pressure from both internal and external forces, leading to the decline of the empire.
Continue ReadingA. R. Penck
German painter noted for abstract works
Born
October 5th, 1939 86 years ago
Died
2017 9 years ago — 78 years old
A prominent German painter and sculptor, contributed significantly to the development of abstract art in the late 20th century. Created a distinctive visual language that combined elements of primitivism and modernism. Engaged in the artistic discourse of the time while residing in East Germany, Penck's work often critiqued social and political themes. Emigrated to the West in the 1980s, where his art gained international recognition. Also worked as a musician and developed a unique style that further expanded his artistic expression.
Continue ReadingGuido von List
Austrian-German journalist and poet
Born
October 5th, 1848 177 years ago
Died
May 17th, 1919 106 years ago — 70 years old
A journalist and poet contributed to the literary and cultural scene in Austria and Germany during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Focused on themes of folklore, mythology, and the occult, his works often emphasized the significance of Germanic heritage. Engaged in various literary circles, he published numerous articles and poems that explored national identity and spirituality. His writings inspired a movement that sought to revive ancient Germanic traditions. His most notable work includes writings that delve into the mystical aspects of ancient German culture.
Continue ReadingWilli Unsoeld
Mountaineer and educator, Everest ascent
Born
October 5th, 1926 99 years ago
Died
March 4th, 1979 46 years ago — 52 years old
An influential mountaineer and educator contributed significantly to the climbing community. Played a pivotal role in the first successful American ascent of Mount Everest in 1963 as part of the American Everest Expedition. Engaged in mountaineering education, sharing knowledge and skills with aspiring climbers. Involved with the National Outdoor Leadership School, promoting outdoor education and environmental awareness. Worked as a professor at Evergreen State College, fostering a deep appreciation for nature among students.
Continue ReadingVictor de Riqueti
French economist and educator
Born
October 5th, 1715 310 years ago
Died
July 13th, 1789 236 years ago — 73 years old
Born in 1715, a French economist and educator contributed significantly to economic thought and educational reform. Authored numerous works advocating for free trade and the importance of agriculture and manufacturing. Was a prominent member of the early physiocratic movement, emphasizing the value of land as the source of wealth. Engaged in discussions on economic policy and its implementation in France's agrarian economy. Played a key role in educating future leaders in economic principles, influencing thought in the 18th century.
Continue ReadingOther People Who Died on July 31st
Chiyonofuji Mitsugu
Sumo wrestler with Kaiju record
Born
June 1st, 1955 70 years ago
Died
July 31st, 2016 9 years ago — 61 years old
Competed in sumo wrestling from 1970 to 1997, achieving significant success in the sport. Earned a total of 31 top division championships, which remains a record. Notable for an aggressive style and remarkable physical condition, contributed to a resurgence in the sport's popularity. After retirement, transitioned to a role as a coach and continued to influence the next generation of wrestlers.
Continue ReadingRichard Schweiker
U.S. Secretary of Health and Human Services
Born
June 1st, 1926 99 years ago
Died
July 31st, 2015 10 years ago — 89 years old
Served as the 14th United States Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare from 1973 to 1976. Engaged in a political career that included serving as a member of the U.S. House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate from Pennsylvania. Played a significant role in various health and welfare reforms during tenure. Engaged with numerous initiatives aimed at improving public health services.
Continue ReadingAlan Parker
Film director and screenwriter
Born
February 14th, 1944 81 years ago
Died
July 31st, 2020 5 years ago — 76 years old
A director, producer, and screenwriter from England, contributed significantly to the film industry. Directed acclaimed films such as 'Midnight Express', 'Fame', and 'The Commitments'. Also won several prestigious awards, including a BAFTA and Golden Globe. Parker's body of work spanned various genres, showcasing versatility and storytelling prowess.
Continue ReadingBeatrix Lehmann
English actress in stage and film
Born
July 1st, 1903 122 years ago
Died
July 31st, 1979 46 years ago — 76 years old
An English actress gained recognition for performances in theatre and film. Career spanned several decades, with significant work in plays and classic movies. Notably involved in England's theatrical scene, showcasing abilities in both comedic and dramatic roles. Featured in the film 'The Innocents' and had a prominent career in productions at The Old Vic.
Continue ReadingBilly Pierce
Baseball pitcher and sportscaster
Born
April 2nd, 1927 98 years ago
Died
July 31st, 2015 10 years ago — 88 years old
A professional baseball player, this individual played in Major League Baseball primarily as a pitcher from 1945 to 1964. The player spent the majority of his career with the Chicago White Sox, where he became an All-Star and was integral to the team's success. After retiring from baseball, transitioned to sports broadcasting, providing analysis and commentary on games. The player also participated in the 1959 World Series with the White Sox.
Continue ReadingWim Duisenberg
Dutch economist and former Minister of Finance
Born
July 9th, 1935 90 years ago
Died
July 31st, 2005 20 years ago — 70 years old
An influential economist and politician, served as the Minister of Finance in the Netherlands. Played a pivotal role in the creation of the Euro as the first President of the European Central Bank from 1998 to 2003. Focused on monetary stability and economic integration within the European Union. His leadership in European monetary policy and his contributions to economic affairs significantly shaped the fiscal landscape of the region.
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