Johann Spurzheim

Phrenologist, author of 'The Physiognomy'

Johann Spurzheim - Thinkers & Philosophers born December 31st, 1776
Born
Died

1832
193 years ago — 56 years old

Category

Thinkers & Philosophers

Country

United States

Links & References

A physician and phrenologist contributed significantly to the popularization of phrenology in the early 19th century. Emigrated to the United States, where he promoted the study of human behavior through the examination of the skull's shape. Published several works, with 'The Physiognomy' being one of the most notable. Engaged in numerous lectures and writings that aimed to connect physical structure to character traits.

Published 'The Physiognomy'

Popularized phrenology in America

Other People Born on December 31st

Pula Nikolao Pula

Governor of American Samoa, 2013-2017
Born
December 31st, 1955 69 years ago

Served as the 9th governor of American Samoa from 2013 to 2017. Pula held various positions in public service prior to his governorship, including serving as the Director of the Department of Human and Social Services. His tenure as governor focused on issues such as economic development, public health, and education improvements in the territory. Pula also worked to enhance the relationship between American Samoa and the federal government.

Continue Reading

Eleonora Gonzaga

Duchess of Urbino and Art Patron
Born
December 31st, 1493 531 years ago
Died
1570 455 years ago — 77 years old

Born in 1493, a member of the House of Gonzaga, served as the Duchess of Urbino by marriage. Played a significant role in the cultural development of the Duchy through patronage of the arts and support for Renaissance artists such as Raphael and Piero della Francesca. Eleonora's influence extended to the court, where she fostered an environment that welcomed scholars and artists. Her court became a center for intellectual and artistic exchange during the Renaissance period, showcasing her commitment to cultural advancement.

Continue Reading

Charles Cornwallis

English general and Governor-General of India
Born
December 31st, 1738 286 years ago
Died
1805 220 years ago — 67 years old

Served as a British Army officer and a politician. Achieved the rank of general and was appointed as the 3rd Governor-General of India. Oversaw significant military campaigns during the American Revolutionary War, including the surrender at Yorktown in 1781, which marked a turning point in the conflict. Implemented reforms in India during his tenure, focusing on the administration and development of resources. His military career extended into various theaters including the Caribbean and North America.

Continue Reading

Gabby Douglas

Gymnast and Olympic gold medalist
Born
December 31st, 1995 29 years ago

A celebrated gymnast from the United States, earned fame through remarkable performances at international competitions, particularly during the 2012 London Olympics. Captured attention by becoming the first African American gymnast to win the individual all-around title at the Olympics. Achieved additional success by contributing to the U.S. women's gymnastics team victory in the team competition at the same Olympics. Continued to compete at the elite level, participating in subsequent events and championships.

Continue Reading

Karl-August Fagerholm

Finnish politician, Prime Minister
Born
December 31st, 1901 123 years ago
Died
May 22nd, 1984 41 years ago — 82 years old

Served as a key figure in Finnish politics during the mid-20th century. Held the position of Prime Minister twice, first from 1946 to 1948 and again from 1956 to 1957. Also acted as the Speaker of the Parliament, playing a critical role in legislative processes. Contributed to the formation of post-war government policies and navigated Finland's relations during a pivotal period in European history. Recognized for promoting social welfare and economic recovery in the aftermath of World War II, emphasizing cooperation between various political factions.

Continue Reading

Marie d'Agoult

Historian and author of the 19th century
Born
December 31st, 1805 219 years ago
Died
March 5th, 1876 149 years ago — 70 years old

Born into a wealthy family, contributed to French letters and historical scholarship during the 19th century. Engaged in the Romantic movement, edited and published works that highlighted the significance of modern history and culture. Notably, wrote about her experiences and observations in the literary scene of her time, including her relationship with composer Franz Liszt, which influenced her writing. Her efforts in establishing French history as a subject of academic inquiry paved the way for future historians.

Continue Reading