Man Ray
Photographer and painter, surrealism
An American-French photographer and painter played a significant role in the Dada and Surrealist movements. He experimented with various photographic techniques, including rayographs, which involved creating images without a camera by placing objects directly on photosensitive paper. His work focused on themes of desire and eroticism, often using unconventional methods. In addition to photography, he produced paintings, sculptures, and films. He became part of the Parisian avant-garde scene, collaborating with other artists and intellectuals. His innovation in both mediums contributed to the evolution of modern art.
Pioneered rayography technique
Created iconic photographs such as 'Le Violon d'Ingres'
Contributed to Surrealist exhibitions
Other People Born on August 27th
Rhazes
Persian polymath and physician
Born
August 27th, 865 1160 years ago
Died
October 15th, 925 1100 years ago — 60 years old
A Persian polymath contributed significantly to various fields including medicine, chemistry, and philosophy. Authored numerous influential texts, with notable works in medical science. Made pivotal contributions to the understanding of infectious diseases and is credited with distinguishing between measles and smallpox. Emphasized empirical methods in medicine and advocated for scientific experimentation. Left a lasting legacy through writings such as 'Kitab al-Mansuri' and 'Kitab al-Hawi', which were used as standard medical references for centuries.
Continue ReadingSergey Sirotkin
Russian race car driver in Formula One
Born
August 27th, 1995 30 years ago
Participated as a Formula One driver for the Williams team during the 2018 season. Began racing in karting and progressed through various series including GP2 and Formula Renault. In 2018, secured a seat with Williams, contributing to the team's efforts in a challenging season. Established a career in motorsport with experience in multiple racing categories.
Continue ReadingJames Molyneaux
Northern Irish soldier and politician
Born
August 27th, 1920 105 years ago
Died
March 9th, 2015 11 years ago — 94 years old
Served as a soldier with the British Army during his early career. Elected as a Member of Parliament, representing the Ulster Unionist Party for many years. Held the position of leader of the Ulster Unionist Party from 1979 to 1995. Actively participated in the political landscape of Northern Ireland, particularly during the Troubles, and engaged in significant discussions around unionism and governance in the region. Navigated various political challenges during a tumultuous period in Northern Ireland's history, and contributed to shaping unionist policies.
Continue ReadingJohn Hay Whitney
American diplomat and financier
Born
August 27th, 1904 121 years ago
Died
February 8th, 1982 44 years ago — 77 years old
Served as United States Ambassador to the United Kingdom from 1957 to 1959. Involved in various financial activities, including investment in real estate and other business ventures. Played a significant role in promoting cultural exchange between the United States and the United Kingdom during the post-war period and contributed to numerous philanthropic efforts throughout his life.
Continue ReadingGiorgio Mitrovich
Maltese politician and public figure
Born
August 27th, 1795 230 years ago
Died
March 13th, 1885 141 years ago — 89 years old
Served as a prominent political figure in Malta during the 19th century. Engaged in various political activities and contributed to discussions on governance and law. Elected to the Legislative Assembly and actively participated in shaping Maltese politics. Advocated for civil rights, education reforms, and social issues relevant to the Maltese populace. His work laid the groundwork for subsequent political developments in Malta.
Continue ReadingCharles Rolls
Engineer and co-founder of Rolls-Royce
Born
August 27th, 1877 148 years ago
Died
July 12th, 1910 115 years ago — 32 years old
An English engineer and businessman, co-founded Rolls-Royce Limited in 1904. The company became a prominent manufacturer of luxury automobiles and aircraft engines. Rolls was instrumental in establishing the high standards of engineering and quality that defined the Rolls-Royce brand. He was also an aviation pioneer, known for his enthusiasm for flying and his contributions to early aviation. Rolls tragically died in a flying accident in 1910.
Continue ReadingOther People Who Died on November 18th
Tabassum
Indian actress and talk show host
Born
July 9th, 1944 81 years ago
Died
November 18th, 2022 3 years ago — 78 years old
An actress and talk show host from India, this individual began her career as a child artist in the film 'Baiju Bawra' in 1952. Extended career included acting in various films and television shows throughout the decades. The hosting of the popular talk show 'Phool Khile Hain Gulshan Gulshan' in the 1990s gained significant popularity. Contribution to the film industry encompasses work across multiple genres.
Continue ReadingJames Coburn
American actor in action films
Born
August 31st, 1928 97 years ago
Died
November 18th, 2002 23 years ago — 74 years old
An American actor gained prominence in the 1960s and 1970s. His career featured roles in significant films, including a celebrated performance in 'The Magnificent Seven.' Coburn starred in the highly successful 'Our Man Flint' and its sequel 'In Like Flint,' showcasing talents in action and comedy. His portrayal of a Vietnam War veteran in 'The Great Escape' highlighted his versatility. In addition to film, Coburn contributed to television, receiving acclaim for his work on series like 'The Loner.' A dedicated performer, he also lent his voice to animated projects, further expanding his career. Coburn received an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his role in 'Affliction,' solidifying his status in the entertainment industry.
Continue ReadingChester A. Arthur
21st President of the United States
Born
October 5th, 1829 196 years ago
Died
November 18th, 1886 139 years ago — 57 years old
Served as the 21st President of the United States from 1881 to 1885. Became president following the assassination of James A. Garfield. Prior to the presidency, held the position of Collector of the Port of New York. Advocated for civil service reform and the Pendleton Act, which established a merit-based system for federal employment. Implemented modernization of the U.S. Navy and supported legislation to improve infrastructure in the country.
Continue ReadingWalther Nernst
Chemist and Physicist, Nobel Laureate
Born
June 25th, 1864 161 years ago
Died
November 18th, 1941 84 years ago — 77 years old
Born in 1864 in Germany, contributions to the fields of chemistry and physics included the development of the Nernst equation and the formulation of the third law of thermodynamics. Significant work in physical chemistry involved heat measurements and chemical equilibria. His research greatly advanced the understanding of chemical potentials and reaction rates. Nernst was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1920 for his work in thermochemistry.
Continue ReadingÉmile Nelligan
Canadian poet celebrated for 'Chants d'Automne'
Born
December 24th, 1879 146 years ago
Died
November 18th, 1941 84 years ago — 61 years old
A significant figure in Canadian literature, this poet emerged in the early 20th century. His work captured the essence of the Symbolist movement, influencing subsequent generations of writers. The poet's first collection, 'Les fleurs du mal' (1897), showcased a talent that would define his legacy. Suffering from mental illness, he spent a significant portion of his life in a psychiatric institution, which limited his output. Despite these challenges, his poetry resonated with readers and critics alike, often reflecting themes of solitude and existential angst. His style combined rich imagery with a deep emotional undercurrent, leaving a lasting imprint on the literary landscape of Quebec.
Continue ReadingDenton Cooley
Cardiothoracic surgeon and innovator
Born
August 22nd, 1920 105 years ago
Died
November 18th, 2016 9 years ago — 96 years old
A prominent cardiothoracic surgeon and scientist, contributions to heart surgery and medical education included pioneering techniques and procedures. Established one of the first artificial hearts and performed the first successful heart transplant in the United States. Founded the Texas Heart Institute in Houston, focusing on cardiovascular diseases and education in surgical techniques in the field.
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