Thomas Midgley Jr.
Chemist and engineer; inventor of leaded gasoline
Chemist and engineer; inventor of leaded gasoline
Scientists & Innovators
United States
Contributed significantly to chemistry and engineering as an American chemist and engineer. Developed leaded gasoline in the 1920s, which was widely used as a fuel to reduce engine knocking. Later, invented chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) for refrigeration and air conditioning, which became widespread due to their efficiency. The environmental impacts of these inventions were recognized later, leading to significant changes in policies and practices regarding fuel and refrigerants.
Invented leaded gasoline
Developed chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
Served as the Gonfaloniere of Florence from 1502 to 1512, overseeing the city's administration and military matters. Implemented reforms aimed at strengthening the republican system during a tumultuous period in Florentine politics. Fostered cultural developments that aligned with the Renaissance ethos, providing support to artists and intellectuals. Engaged in diplomatic efforts, striving to maintain Florence's independence amidst competition with neighboring states and the influence of the Papacy.
Continue ReadingBorn in 1937 in Luxembourg, served as the 22nd Prime Minister of Luxembourg from 1995 to 1999. His administration focused on economic reforms and European integration. Santer was also a member of the European Commission and held the position of President from 1995 until 1999. As Prime Minister, he worked to strengthen Luxembourg's role in the European Union. He contributed to various initiatives aimed at enhancing cooperation among member states.
Continue ReadingBorn in 1631, started a religious order focusing on the education of youth and spiritual renewal. Established the Congregation of the Founding of the Holy Cross in 1675. Contributed to the spread of Marian devotion and was deeply involved in preaching and pastoral care. Canonized by Pope John Paul II in 1992, affirming the religious significance of his work and the impact of his spiritual teachings.
Continue ReadingRaised in New Jersey, a prominent cartoonist created a unique style characterized by exaggerated characters and humorous situations. Contributed to MAD magazine for over four decades, becoming a vital part of its identity. Developed a signature brand of slapstick humor and absurdity evident in recurring gags and inventive illustrations. Also produced his own series in comic format, further showcasing his distinctive artistic approach and storytelling. Influenced a generation of cartoonists and left a lasting mark on the genre of humor comics.
Continue ReadingPlayed football at the University of Iowa and served as a quarterback before entering the coaching profession. Coached teams including the University of Utah and the University of Hawaii. Held a position as head coach at the University of Hawaii from 1970 to 1972. Contributed to player development and team strategies throughout coaching career.
Continue ReadingA prominent British mathematician and philosopher, contributed significantly to a variety of fields including logic, philosophy, and social criticism. Authored numerous influential works, including 'Principia Mathematica' co-written with Alfred North Whitehead, which laid the groundwork for much of modern mathematics. Awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1950 for varied and significant writings, advocating for humanitarian ideals and nuclear disarmament. Engaged actively in political discourse throughout his career, participating in various anti-war movements and promoting social reform.
Continue ReadingDaughter of the Count of Flanders, played a significant role in the Norman Conquest of England as the wife of William the Conqueror. Matilda married William in 1053, providing political stability between Normandy and Flanders. During the conquest, she managed the affairs of Normandy while William led the invasion of England in 1066. Matilda was instrumental in the establishment of the Norman dynasty and the construction of notable structures, including Westminster Abbey, which became a symbol of royal power in England.
Continue ReadingBorn in England, one of the early settlers in New Zealand, served as the fourth Prime Minister from 1862 to 1863. Domett contributed significantly to both the political landscape and literary culture of New Zealand. His poetry often reflected the themes of nature and the landscape of his new home. In addition to his political career, he was a member of the House of Representatives and served in various ministerial roles. These include his tenure as Postmaster-General. Domett's literary work established him as an important poet of the 19th century.
Continue ReadingAn author and journalist, contributions spanned various publications and genres. Wrote numerous novels aimed at young adults, addressing complex themes and issues. The novel "The Chocolate War" gained significant attention for its unflinching portrayal of school bullying and conformity. Cormier's writing style often included elements of realism, moral complexity, and the exploration of adolescent struggles. His work has been both praised and scrutinized for its candidness, leading to its inclusion in academic discussions.
Continue ReadingA significant figure in the Church, served as a bishop in Ireland during the 12th century. Instrumental in reforming the Irish Church and introduced the Cistercian monastic order to the country. Authored prophetic writings attributed to the Popes, which gained attention posthumously. Canonized in 1190, his legacy includes spiritual leadership and a focus on papal authority, influencing ecclesiastical practices in Ireland.
Continue ReadingA physician and author contributed significantly to literature, particularly through works that reflect on life in China during the 20th century. The novel 'A Many-Splendored Thing' gained international recognition and inspired film adaptations. Contributions also included non-fiction works that detailed personal experiences and perspectives on Chinese culture and history. Writings often highlighted themes of love and conflict amid cultural and political upheaval, providing insight into the historical context of China.
Continue ReadingBorn in 1903, this French race car driver gained recognition for his success in sports car racing during the mid-20th century. Veyron drove for Bugatti, where he achieved significant victories, including winning the 1939 24 Hours of Le Mans. His exceptional skills behind the wheel contributed to Bugatti's prominence in motorsports. Veyron's accomplishments in racing showcased his talent and expertise in handling high-performance vehicles on challenging tracks.
Continue Reading