What Happened This Year 1198

Historical Events from This Year 1198

Politics & Government

Philip of Swabia Crowned King of Germany

September 8th, 1198 826 years ago

Philip of Swabia was crowned King of Germany in a significant ceremony held to legitimize his claim to the throne. The event was attended by various nobles and ecclesiastical leaders who recognized Philip's position amidst the power struggles of the Holy Roman Empire. As a Prince of Hohenstaufen, his ascension was part of the larger conflict among rival factions vying for control over the German crown, particularly between the Hohenstaufen and Welf families.

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Born in 1198

Alexander II of Scotland

King of Scotland; ruled from 1214 to 1249
Born
August 24th, 1198 826 years ago
Died
1249 776 years ago — 51 years old

Ruled as King of Scotland from 1214 until 1249. Ascended the throne at the age of 16 after the death of his father, William the Lion. Strengthened the Scottish crown and expanded the kingdom, enhancing royal authority. Managed to secure territories in the Western Isles and fought against the claims of England. Promoted trade and legal reforms, which contributed to the economy. His reign saw relative peace and stability, enabling the growth of medieval Scotland. Died during a campaign in the Hebrides.

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Alexander II

King of Scotland during 13th century
Born
1198 827 years ago
Died
July 6th, 1249 775 years ago — 51 years old

Reigned as King of Scotland from 1214 until death in 1249. Established more centralized governance and sought to expand influence in the Western Isles. Engaged in military campaigns against the Norse and Irish, reinforcing Scottish territories. Undertook initiatives to improve relations with neighboring kingdoms, including England. Implemented legal reforms aimed at improving the justice system.

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People Who Died in 1198

Celestine III

Pope and leader of the Catholic Church
Born
1106 919 years ago
Died
January 8th, 1198 827 years ago — 92 years old

Served as pope from 1191 until 1198, guiding the Catholic Church during a period marked by political and ecclesiastical challenges. Issued several papal decrees and sought to consolidate the authority of the papacy. Notable for mediating disputes involving the Holy Roman Empire and for promoting the interests of the Church in various regions. Aimed to strengthen the papal system and maintain the governance of Church lands amidst external pressures.

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Marie of France

Countess of Champagne and Brie
Born
1145 880 years ago
Died
March 11th, 1198 827 years ago — 53 years old

Held the title of Countess of Champagne and Brie during the late 12th century. Daughter of King Louis VII of France and Eleanor of Aquitaine. Played a significant role in the political and dynastic affairs of the time, acting as a key ally to various influential nobles. Her marriage to Henry I, Count of Champagne, strengthened the political ties between France and Champagne. Participated in the administration and governance of the county, contributing to its development and stability.

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Berthold of Hanover

Bishop of Livonia
Died
July 24th, 1198 826 years ago — None years old

Served as Bishop of Livonia during the late 12th century, overseeing the Christianization of the region. Played a significant role in missionary activities aimed at converting the local pagan populations to Christianity. Contributed to the establishment of ecclesiastical structures and governance in Livonia, fostering spiritual and political development. His tenure included interactions with local nobility and conflicts with neighboring powers.

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Dulce

Queen of Portugal during the 12th century
Born
1160 865 years ago
Died
September 1st, 1198 826 years ago — 38 years old

Served as the queen consort of Portugal during the reign of her husband, Sancho I. Contributed to the establishment of the Kingdom of Portugal in the late 12th century. Engaged in efforts to support and expand the newly formed kingdom's territories and governance. Played a significant role in the early political landscape of Portugal and its consolidation as a separate entity from the Kingdom of León.

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Constance

Queen of Sicily in the 12th century
Born
1154 871 years ago
Died
November 27th, 1198 826 years ago — 44 years old

Born into the Hauteville dynasty, held the title of Queen of Sicily from 1194 until death. Married to Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor, strengthening ties between the Kingdom of Sicily and the Holy Roman Empire. Mother to Frederick II, who became a significant Holy Roman Emperor and King of Sicily. Contributed to the political landscape of her time through her lineage and marriage alliances.

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Averroes

Andalusian Arab philosopher and physician
Born
April 14th, 1126 898 years ago
Died
December 11th, 1198 826 years ago — 72 years old

Born in 1126, this individual significantly contributed to philosophy and medicine during the medieval period. A prominent commentator on Aristotle, works included 'The Incoherence of the Incoherence' and 'The Book of Healing'. Focused on integrating Aristotelian philosophy with Islamic thought, influencing later European philosophy and scholasticism. Engaged in medical practice, produced influential texts on medicine that were referenced for centuries. Through extensive writings, the individual bridged the gap between ancient Greek philosophy and Islamic scholarship, leaving a lasting legacy in both fields.

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