Historical Events from This Year 1345
Lynching of Alexios Apokaukos in Byzantium
Alexios Apokaukos, the megas doux and chief minister of the Byzantine Empire, was lynched by political prisoners. This violent act occurred amid rising tensions and unrest within the empire. The prisoners, driven by discontent with Apokaukos's policies and perceived abuses of power, took matters into their own hands. The lynching highlighted the deep divisions within Byzantine society in the 14th century, as political factions vied for power and influence amidst the challenges facing the empire.
Continue ReadingFrisians Triumph Over Holland at Warns
In a decisive encounter, Frisians achieved a significant victory over the forces of Holland at the Battle of Warns. The battle was sparked by a power struggle in the region, with the Frisians resisting the encroachments of Holland. Located near the village of Warns, the clash involved skilled fighters and was crucial in determining the control over Frisian territories. The victory bolstered Frisian autonomy and military reputation, reshaping the dynamics of power in the area.
Continue ReadingBorn in 1345
Kadi Burhan al-Din
A prominent kadi, poet, and ruler of Sivas, this figure played an important role in the intellectual and cultural life of the region during the 14th century. Through poetic works, contributed to the Persian literary tradition. Held significant judicial authority and influenced local governance. The position as kadi allowed for the interpretation and enforcement of Islamic law in Sivas. Engaged in political matters and maintained relationships with the ruling powers of the time, enhancing the local administration.
Continue ReadingBlanche of Lancaster
Born in 1345, the daughter of Henry of Grosmont, the 1st Duke of Lancaster, held the title of Duchess of Lancaster through marriage to John of Gaunt, the 1st Duke of Lancaster. As a prominent figure in the English nobility, she played a significant role in the politics of the time. Her lineage connected the houses of Plantagenet and Lancaster, influencing the future of the English monarchy. She died in 1368.
Continue ReadingFerdinand I of Portugal
Ruled as king of Portugal from 1367 until death in 1383. His reign faced significant challenges, particularly regarding the crown's succession. His marriage to Queen Leonor of Aragon intended to strengthen alliances but did not produce a male heir. The lack of a direct successor sparked the 1383-1385 Crisis, leading to conflicts with Castile. The crisis culminated in a pivotal battle at Aljubarrota, where Portuguese forces secured independence from Castile. Ferdinand I’s death led to a power struggle, ultimately resulting in the ascension of John I of Portugal, marking a significant turning point in the kingdom's history.
Continue ReadingCharles III of Naples
Ruled as King of Naples and Sicily during the late 14th century. Ascended the throne in 1382 after a series of conflicts and power struggles. Commanded military campaigns against rival factions and sought to strengthen the monarchy through strategic marriages and alliances. His reign faced challenges from neighboring states and internal unrest. The assassination in 1386 marked a significant turning point in the region's history, leading to further instability in Naples.
Continue ReadingEleanor Maltravers
Born into the English nobility, played significant roles in the political landscape of 14th century England. Held titles and estates due to marriage alliances, contributing to land holdings and familial networks among the nobility. Managed properties effectively during periods of conflict, particularly during the Hundred Years' War, and navigated the complexities of her family's status and influence. Served as a matriarch fostering the lineage of the Maltravers family, which included prominent figures in English history. Her life embodied the attributes and responsibilities of noblewomen in medieval society, characterized by land management and the maintenance of family legacy.
Continue ReadingPeople Who Died in 1345 (View all 7)
Martino Zaccaria
Served as the Lord of Chios during the early 14th century. Led the governance of Chios, an important island in the Aegean Sea, strategically located for trade and military operations. Managed relations with the Byzantine Empire and engaged in regional politics involving Genoa and neighboring powers. Worked on enhancing the island's fortifications and administration to secure its position during turbulent times. Died in 1345, leaving a legacy as a ruler of a key maritime territory.
Continue ReadingRichard de Bury
Served as a prominent English bishop and politician in the 14th century. Held the position of Lord Chancellor, significantly influencing the administration of the realm. Authored 'Philobiblon', a treatise emphasizing the value of books and advocating for their preservation and collection. His work contributed to the early development of libraries in England and affirmed the importance of literature and scholarship during his time.
Continue ReadingAlexios Apokaukos
Served as a chief minister in the Byzantine Empire during a turbulent period marked by internal strife and external threats. Held significant political power and contributed to administrative reforms. Played a crucial role in navigating complex political landscapes, particularly during the reign of Emperor Andronikos III. His tenure was characterized by challenges against rival factions and efforts to stabilize the empire amidst growing pressures.
Continue ReadingMomchil
A notable brigand and ruler in 14th century Bulgaria. Established a local government in the Rhodope mountains, leading rebellions against foreign rulers. His leadership in the region was marked by resistance against Ottoman encroachments. May have participated in military campaigns to protect local territories from invasion and maintain autonomy for his people.
Continue ReadingJacob van Artevelde
A prominent statesman from Flanders, played a vital role during the 14th century by leading Ghent in a successful revolt against aristocratic rule and supporting English alliances. His leadership strengthened the city’s power and contributed to its economic growth, notably through the wool trade. Advocated for the interests of the urban bourgeoisie and negotiated important treaties with England. His influence waned after a series of political conflicts, ultimately leading to his assassination in 1345.
Continue ReadingSancia of Majorca
Born around 1285, Sancia served as queen regent of Naples during the early 14th century. She was the daughter of James II of Majorca and played a significant role in the political landscape of the time. Sancia married Robert, King of Naples, and after his death, she became regent for their daughter, Joanna I. This position enabled her to wield considerable influence in the kingdom. Sancia's rule was marked by the complexities of dynastic politics and power struggles in southern Italy, especially with the ruling factions in her kingdom and the challenges posed by the papacy.
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