What Happened This Year 1345

Historical Events from This Year 1345

Politics & Government

Lynching of Alexios Apokaukos in Byzantium

June 11th, 1345 679 years ago

Alexios Apokaukos, the megas doux and chief minister of the Byzantine Empire, was lynched by political prisoners. This violent act occurred amid rising tensions and unrest within the empire. The prisoners, driven by discontent with Apokaukos's policies and perceived abuses of power, took matters into their own hands. The lynching highlighted the deep divisions within Byzantine society in the 14th century, as political factions vied for power and influence amidst the challenges facing the empire.

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Military & Warfare

Frisians Triumph Over Holland at Warns

September 26th, 1345 679 years ago

In a decisive encounter, Frisians achieved a significant victory over the forces of Holland at the Battle of Warns. The battle was sparked by a power struggle in the region, with the Frisians resisting the encroachments of Holland. Located near the village of Warns, the clash involved skilled fighters and was crucial in determining the control over Frisian territories. The victory bolstered Frisian autonomy and military reputation, reshaping the dynamics of power in the area.

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Born in 1345

Kadi Burhan al-Din

Kadi and poet from Sivas
Born
January 8th, 1345 680 years ago
Died
1398 627 years ago — 53 years old

A prominent kadi, poet, and ruler of Sivas, this figure played an important role in the intellectual and cultural life of the region during the 14th century. Through poetic works, contributed to the Persian literary tradition. Held significant judicial authority and influenced local governance. The position as kadi allowed for the interpretation and enforcement of Islamic law in Sivas. Engaged in political matters and maintained relationships with the ruling powers of the time, enhancing the local administration.

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Blanche of Lancaster

Noblewoman and Duchess of Lancaster
Born
March 25th, 1345 679 years ago
Died
September 12th, 1368 656 years ago — 23 years old

Born in 1345, the daughter of Henry of Grosmont, the 1st Duke of Lancaster, held the title of Duchess of Lancaster through marriage to John of Gaunt, the 1st Duke of Lancaster. As a prominent figure in the English nobility, she played a significant role in the politics of the time. Her lineage connected the houses of Plantagenet and Lancaster, influencing the future of the English monarchy. She died in 1368.

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Ferdinand I of Portugal

King of Portugal during succession crisis
Born
1345 680 years ago
Died
October 22nd, 1383 641 years ago — 38 years old

Ruled as king of Portugal from 1367 until death in 1383. His reign faced significant challenges, particularly regarding the crown's succession. His marriage to Queen Leonor of Aragon intended to strengthen alliances but did not produce a male heir. The lack of a direct successor sparked the 1383-1385 Crisis, leading to conflicts with Castile. The crisis culminated in a pivotal battle at Aljubarrota, where Portuguese forces secured independence from Castile. Ferdinand I’s death led to a power struggle, ultimately resulting in the ascension of John I of Portugal, marking a significant turning point in the kingdom's history.

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Charles III of Naples

Monarch of Naples and King of Sicily
Born
1345 680 years ago
Died
February 24th, 1386 639 years ago — 41 years old

Ruled as King of Naples and Sicily during the late 14th century. Ascended the throne in 1382 after a series of conflicts and power struggles. Commanded military campaigns against rival factions and sought to strengthen the monarchy through strategic marriages and alliances. His reign faced challenges from neighboring states and internal unrest. The assassination in 1386 marked a significant turning point in the region's history, leading to further instability in Naples.

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Eleanor Maltravers

English noblewoman and landowner
Born
1345 680 years ago
Died
January 12th, 1405 620 years ago — 60 years old

Born into the English nobility, played significant roles in the political landscape of 14th century England. Held titles and estates due to marriage alliances, contributing to land holdings and familial networks among the nobility. Managed properties effectively during periods of conflict, particularly during the Hundred Years' War, and navigated the complexities of her family's status and influence. Served as a matriarch fostering the lineage of the Maltravers family, which included prominent figures in English history. Her life embodied the attributes and responsibilities of noblewomen in medieval society, characterized by land management and the maintenance of family legacy.

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People Who Died in 1345 (View all 7)

Martino Zaccaria

Genoese Lord of Chios
Died
January 17th, 1345 680 years ago — None years old

Served as the Lord of Chios during the early 14th century. Led the governance of Chios, an important island in the Aegean Sea, strategically located for trade and military operations. Managed relations with the Byzantine Empire and engaged in regional politics involving Genoa and neighboring powers. Worked on enhancing the island's fortifications and administration to secure its position during turbulent times. Died in 1345, leaving a legacy as a ruler of a key maritime territory.

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Richard de Bury

Bishop and Lord Chancellor of England
Born
January 24th, 1287 738 years ago
Died
April 14th, 1345 679 years ago — 58 years old

Served as a prominent English bishop and politician in the 14th century. Held the position of Lord Chancellor, significantly influencing the administration of the realm. Authored 'Philobiblon', a treatise emphasizing the value of books and advocating for their preservation and collection. His work contributed to the early development of libraries in England and affirmed the importance of literature and scholarship during his time.

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Alexios Apokaukos

Chief Minister of the Byzantine Empire
Died
June 11th, 1345 679 years ago — None years old

Served as a chief minister in the Byzantine Empire during a turbulent period marked by internal strife and external threats. Held significant political power and contributed to administrative reforms. Played a crucial role in navigating complex political landscapes, particularly during the reign of Emperor Andronikos III. His tenure was characterized by challenges against rival factions and efforts to stabilize the empire amidst growing pressures.

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Momchil

Bulgarian brigand and ruler
Died
July 7th, 1345 679 years ago — None years old

A notable brigand and ruler in 14th century Bulgaria. Established a local government in the Rhodope mountains, leading rebellions against foreign rulers. His leadership in the region was marked by resistance against Ottoman encroachments. May have participated in military campaigns to protect local territories from invasion and maintain autonomy for his people.

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Jacob van Artevelde

Flemish statesman, prominent leader
Born
1290 735 years ago
Died
July 24th, 1345 679 years ago — 55 years old

A prominent statesman from Flanders, played a vital role during the 14th century by leading Ghent in a successful revolt against aristocratic rule and supporting English alliances. His leadership strengthened the city’s power and contributed to its economic growth, notably through the wool trade. Advocated for the interests of the urban bourgeoisie and negotiated important treaties with England. His influence waned after a series of political conflicts, ultimately leading to his assassination in 1345.

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Sancia of Majorca

Queen Regent of Naples
Died
July 28th, 1345 679 years ago — None years old

Born around 1285, Sancia served as queen regent of Naples during the early 14th century. She was the daughter of James II of Majorca and played a significant role in the political landscape of the time. Sancia married Robert, King of Naples, and after his death, she became regent for their daughter, Joanna I. This position enabled her to wield considerable influence in the kingdom. Sancia's rule was marked by the complexities of dynastic politics and power struggles in southern Italy, especially with the ruling factions in her kingdom and the challenges posed by the papacy.

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