Historical Events from This Year 1461
Battle of Mortimer's Cross Results in Owen Tudor's Death
The Battle of Mortimer's Cross was a significant confrontation during the Wars of the Roses, marking the engagement of forces aligned with the House of York and those supporting the House of Lancaster. On this day, Owen Tudor, a prominent figure supporting the Lancastrians, was killed. The battle took place in Herefordshire, England, and was a decisive victory for the Yorkists, further consolidating their power in the ongoing civil conflict. The battle was notable not only for its military outcome but also for its political ramifications, as it contributed to the shifting dynamics of noble allegiances in the struggle for the English crown.
Continue ReadingHenry VI Deposed, Edward IV Becomes King
In a decisive battle of the Wars of the Roses, Edward IV of the House of York defeated the Lancastrian forces led by King Henry VI, leading to Henry's deposition. This shift in power marked a significant moment in the ongoing conflict between the two houses vying for control of the English throne. The battle solidified Edward IV's position and initiated a new phase in the struggle for power during this tumultuous period in England's history.
Continue ReadingEdward IV Triumphs at the Battle of Towton
The Battle of Towton was a defining conflict in the Wars of the Roses, marked by a decisive victory for Edward of York. On a snowy Day, his forces faced off against Queen Margaret's Lancastrian army in a brutal confrontation in Yorkshire. Edward's strategic acumen, combined with better positioning and the morale of his troops, helped to ensure a crushing defeat for the Lancastrians, affirming Edward's claim to the throne and propelling him towards kingship as Edward IV.
Continue ReadingEdward IV is crowned King of England
Edward, Earl of March, ascended the throne of England as King Edward IV in a ceremony at Westminster Abbey. The crowning followed his decisive victory at the Battle of Towton, which secured his position as the leader of the Yorkist faction in the Wars of the Roses. His reign marked a pivotal moment in the ongoing conflict over the English crown, and the coronation was a significant display of power and legitimacy. Not only did it formally establish Edward as king, but it also signified the shifting tides in the struggle for control of England.
Continue ReadingCao Qin's Coup Against the Tianshun Emperor
Cao Qin, a military general, led a coup against the Tianshun Emperor in China, seeking to seize control of the Ming dynasty. The coup was motivated by political dissatisfaction within the court and grievances against the emperor's rule. The incident unfolded within the context of a military-led political landscape marked by power struggles and intrigue. Cao's ambitions reflected broader tensions in the Ming dynasty during a time when military leaders held significant sway over political affairs.
Continue ReadingThe Empire of Trebizond Surrendered
The Empire of Trebizond capitulated to Sultan Mehmed II in 1461, marking a significant moment in the decline of Byzantine sovereignty. Under the pressure of a sustained siege by the Ottoman forces, the last Byzantine enclave in the region fell, leading to the exile of Emperor David Komnenos. His subsequent murder underscored the brutal realities of this period as the Ottomans expanded their territory.
Continue ReadingBorn in 1461 (View all 8)
Domenico Grimani
Born in 1461, served as a cardinal in the Catholic Church. Played a significant role in the politics of the Venetian Republic and the Papacy during the Renaissance. Instrumental in diplomatic relations between Venice and the Papacy. Organized the church's internal administration and participated in the conclave that elected Pope Leo X.
Continue ReadingRaffaele Riario
Born in 1461, served as a cardinal in the Catholic Church. Played a significant role in Renaissance politics through ecclesiastical appointments. Acted as the governor of several territories, including Imola and Rome. Established a notable patronage of the arts, supporting artists like Michelangelo and Bramante. Contributed to the building of new churches and the restoration of existing ones, influencing the architectural landscape of the time.
Continue ReadingAlexander Jagiellon
A monarch who ruled as King of Poland from 1501 to 1506 and as Grand Duke of Lithuania from 1492 to 1506, he was a member of the Jagiellonian dynasty. Ascending to the throne after the death of his father, Casimir IV Jagiellon, his reign focused on strengthening the Polish-Lithuanian Union. He oversaw administrative reforms and efforts to stabilize the Polish economy. His rule faced challenges, including military threats from the Teutonic Knights and internal conflicts among noble factions.
Continue ReadingJacopo Salviati
Born in 1461, played a significant role in Florentine politics during the Renaissance. Served as a diplomat and held various political positions within the government of Florence. Known for his connections to prominent families and influence in political affairs. Engaged in negotiations and alliances that shaped the political landscape of the time.
Continue ReadingChristina of Saxony
Queen consort of Denmark from 1474 to 1521. Married to King John of Denmark, she played a significant role in the royal court and governance during a period marked by political upheaval. Christina was instrumental in fostering relationships between the Danish royal family and various European powers, including her native Saxony. She served as regent for her son when her husband was temporarily deposed. Her lineage contributed to the dynastic alliances in Northern Europe.
Continue ReadingAnne of France
Served as the Duchess of Bourbon and played a significant role in French politics during the late 15th century and early 16th century. Actively participated in the governance of France, especially during the absence of her brother, King Charles VIII. Notable for her support of artistic patronage and her involvement in the diplomatic affairs of the French court. Oversaw various estates and developed alliances through strategic marriages and negotiations.
Continue ReadingPeople Who Died in 1461 (View all 8)
Owen Tudor
A significant historical figure who established the Tudor dynasty, which would rule England for over a century. Tudor contributed to the rise of his lineage through marriage to the widow of Henry V, Catherine of Valois. This union connected the Welsh noble family to the English throne. The descendants of Tudor include notable monarchs, such as Henry VII and his son Henry VIII, marking a pivotal moment in English history. His descendants played crucial roles in the political landscape of England, culminating in the establishment of the Church of England and the English Reformation.
Continue ReadingLionel Welles
Born around 1406, held the title of 6th Baron Welles. Played a prominent role in the Wars of the Roses, aligning with the Yorkist faction. Managed estates and held positions in the English nobility, contributing to regional governance. Participated in military campaigns during a turbulent period in English history.
Continue ReadingGeorg von Peuerbach
A mathematician and astronomer contributed substantially to the fields of astronomy and mathematics in the 15th century. Pioneered the use of trigonometry for astronomical calculations. Served as a professor at the University of Vienna. Authored several influential works, including 'Theoricae Novae Planetarum,' which provided a comprehensive view of the Ptolemaic system. His work laid the groundwork for future developments in celestial mechanics.
Continue ReadingDomenico Veneziano
Active during the early Renaissance, this painter made significant contributions to the development of perspective and color in painting. Associated with Florence, he created notable altarpieces and panels influenced by the naturalism of the era. His works, characterized by clarity and vibrant use of color, reflect the art and culture of 15th-century Italy. Influenced by both Gothic and early Renaissance styles, the artist's approach paved the way for future developments in Italian art. Works remained prominent in the collections of major religious institutions.
Continue ReadingCharles VII of France
Reigned as King of France from 1422 to 1461. Charles VII ascended to the throne during the Hundred Years' War, a period marked by conflict between France and England. His rule is characterized by significant military and political events, including the lifting of the Siege of Orléans in 1429, largely attributed to Joan of Arc. This victory played a crucial role in restoring French prestige and unifying the country. The coronation at Reims in July 1429 legitimized his rule and solidified his power. Charles implemented administrative reforms that strengthened the monarchy and improved tax collection. He navigated the complexities of feudal loyalties and diplomatic relationships with European powers. Under his leadership, France recovered a considerable amount of territory lost to England.
Continue ReadingDavid of Trebizond
A significant figure during the Renaissance, primarily associated with the Eastern Orthodox Church. Contributed to the revival of classical thoughts and humanism in the Byzantine Empire. Held the title of Emperor of Trebizond, ruling from 1459 until death in 1461. Engaged in various scholarly pursuits, including philosophy and theology, influencing intellectual discussions of the time. His reign marked a critical period in the region's history, amidst growing Ottoman power. Unable to sustain the empire against invasions, faced challenges to maintain sovereignty and stability.
Continue Reading