What Happened This Year 1534

Historical Events from This Year 1534 (View all 11)

Religion & Philosophy

Canterbury Convocation Approves Henry VIII's Authority

February 11th, 1534 491 years ago

At a convocation held in Canterbury, the Catholic bishops of the Upper House agreed to recognize Henry VIII as the supreme head of the English church and clergy, with the stipulation that this authority was acknowledged only 'so far as the laws of Christ allow.' This decision marked a significant point in the English Reformation and reflected the tension between the monarchy and the Catholic Church regarding ecclesiastical power.

Continue Reading
Exploration & Discovery

Jacques Cartier Explores Newfoundland Coast

May 10th, 1534 490 years ago

Jacques Cartier arrived in Newfoundland in search of new territory and trade routes. His exploration aimed to claim lands for France and establish relationships with Indigenous peoples. Cartier's venture marked an essential step in French exploration of North America and set the groundwork for future expeditions. Upon reaching the shores of Newfoundland, he documented the maritime resources and the potential for fishing, which would later play a critical role in sustaining European settlements in the region.

Continue Reading
Exploration & Discovery

Cartier Maps the Saint Lawrence River

June 9th, 1534 490 years ago

Jacques Cartier, a French explorer, became the first European to describe and map the Saint Lawrence River during his expedition to North America. He ventured along the river, notably reaching sites that would later become Quebec. Cartier's observations and documentation provided valuable insights into the geography and the indigenous peoples of the region. This endeavor significantly contributed to Europe's understanding of this part of the New World.

Continue Reading
Exploration & Discovery

Jacques Cartier's Arrival at Prince Edward Island

June 29th, 1534 490 years ago

Jacques Cartier became the first European to reach Prince Edward Island as he navigated the waters of the Gulf of St. Lawrence. Cartier, part of the French expedition, aimed to establish trade routes and find a passage to Asia. He documented his interactions with the Indigenous Mi'kmaq people, marking a pivotal moment in European exploration. The island, known for its rich natural resources, would later become significant in colonial endeavors.

Continue Reading
Politics & Government

Christian III Elected King of Denmark and Norway

July 4th, 1534 490 years ago

In the town of Rye, Christian III was elected as the King of Denmark and Norway. His election came during a time of civil unrest and conflict, as the country was embroiled in the turmoil of the Reformation and internal strife. Christian's ascension was seen as pivotal, as he aimed to strengthen royal authority and establish Lutheranism within the kingdoms. Rye served as a significant location for this election, marking a crucial point in Northern European history.

Continue Reading
Exploration & Discovery

Jacques Cartier's Initial Encounter with Indigenous Peoples

July 7th, 1534 490 years ago

Jacques Cartier, a French explorer, made contact with the St. Lawrence Iroquoian people during his voyage along the Saint Lawrence River. This encounter, marked by exchanges that included gifts and initial communication efforts, laid the groundwork for future interactions between Europeans and Indigenous peoples in what is now Canada. Cartier's arrival was driven by his quest for a route to Asia and the riches of its lands, compelling him to explore the northern territories.

Continue Reading

Born in 1534 (View all 12)

Giovanni de' Bardi

Italian soldier, composer, and critic
Born
February 5th, 1534 491 years ago
Died
1612 413 years ago — 78 years old

Born in 1534, a soldier in the Italian military and a significant figure in the development of early opera. Contributed to the arts through critical writings and promoting the integration of music and drama. Actively participated in cultural discussions and encouraged the formation of the Florentine Camerata, a group of artists and intellectuals that aimed to revive ancient Greek drama through music. His efforts significantly influenced the course of music theory and theatrical performance during the late Renaissance.

Continue Reading

Joseph of Anchieta

Spanish Jesuit saint and missionary
Born
March 9th, 1534 491 years ago
Died
1597 428 years ago — 63 years old

Born in 1534, this Spanish Jesuit served as a missionary in Brazil. Arriving in 1553, he dedicated life to spreading Christianity among the indigenous people. He founded several Jesuit missions and played a crucial role in education and religious instruction. His writings included poems and plays in the Tupi language, aimed at literacy and evangelization. Canonized in 2014, he is revered in the Catholic Church, particularly in Brazil.

Continue Reading

José de Anchieta

Spanish missionary and saint
Born
March 19th, 1534 490 years ago
Died
June 9th, 1597 427 years ago — 63 years old

A Spanish missionary and saint, contributed significantly to the evangelization of Brazil in the 16th century. Anchieta co-founded the colony of São Paulo and played a key role in the establishment of schools and churches among indigenous populations. His work included the translation of religious texts into native languages, facilitating communication and understanding. Anchieta dedicated his life to spreading Christianity and promoting education, leaving a lasting legacy in Brazilian history.

Continue Reading

Oda Nobunaga

Japanese warlord and military leader
Born
June 23rd, 1534 490 years ago
Died
June 21st, 1582 442 years ago — 47 years old

A prominent figure during the Sengoku period in Japan, this warlord played a crucial role in the unification of Japan. Initiated numerous military campaigns to consolidate power and extend territories. Implemented innovative military strategies and utilized firearms effectively in battles. Known for a ruthless approach to eliminate rivals and foster centralized governance, leading to the eventual unification of Japan under his successors.

Continue Reading

Frederick II of Denmark

King of Denmark and Norway
Born
July 1st, 1534 490 years ago
Died
1588 437 years ago — 54 years old

Ascended to the throne in 1559, ruled Denmark and Norway for over three decades. Oversaw significant military campaigns, notably the Northern Wars, enhancing regional influence. Promoted the Reformation within Denmark, establishing Lutheranism as the state religion. Invested in infrastructure and cultural development, commissioning numerous buildings and supporting the arts.

Continue Reading

Zacharius Ursinus

German theologian and catechetical author
Born
July 18th, 1534 490 years ago
Died
1583 442 years ago — 49 years old

A German theologian, played a significant role in the development of Reformed theology in the 16th century. Co-authored the Heidelberg Catechism, which became a foundational document for Reformed churches. Contributed to the formation of various theological concepts that influenced the Protestant Reformation. Served as a professor of theology at the University of Heidelberg, where he shaped the thoughts of many future theologians.

Continue Reading

People Who Died in 1534 (View all 17)

Johannes Aventinus

Bavarian historian and philologist
Born
July 4th, 1477 547 years ago
Died
January 9th, 1534 491 years ago — 56 years old

Aventinus contributed significantly to historiography through his works on Bavarian history. His influential texts include the 'Annales Boiorum', which provided a detailed account of Bavaria from its origins. He served as a historian to Duke Wilhelm IV of Bavaria and was involved in education, helping to establish higher learning in the region. His deep exploration of linguistics and philology shaped the academic landscape of the time.

Continue Reading

Antonio da Correggio

Italian painter and educator, notable for frescoes
Born
1489 536 years ago
Died
March 5th, 1534 491 years ago — 45 years old

An influential painter of the Renaissance, significant for contributions to the development of chiaroscuro and foreshortening techniques. Worked primarily in Northern Italy, creating artworks that showcased a mastery of movement and light. Many pieces were commissioned for churches and palaces, demonstrating a unique style that combined emotional depth with dynamic composition. Notable works include 'The Assumption of the Virgin', which exemplified the grandeur of his frescoes, and the 'Lamentation of Christ'. His innovative approach influenced the direction of baroque painting.

Continue Reading

Jan Matthys

Dutch Anabaptist reformer
Died
April 5th, 1534 490 years ago — None years old

A prominent Anabaptist figure, initiated the Münster revolution in 1534, advocating for radical religious reforms. Emerged as a leader of the Anabaptists during a period of significant religious turmoil in Europe. After the establishment of a communal theocracy in Münster, implemented strict guidelines for community living and governance. His actions and teachings contributed to the shaping of Anabaptist thought and the broader Reformation movement.

Continue Reading

Elizabeth Barton

English nun and martyr
Born
1506 519 years ago
Died
April 20th, 1534 490 years ago — 28 years old

Barton was an English nun who became a prominent figure during the English Reformation. She entered the convent at Dartford and was reported to have visions. Her prophecies gained attention, leading to her opposition to King Henry VIII's separation from the Catholic Church. She advocated for the Pope’s authority and encouraged followers to remain loyal to the Catholic faith. In 1534, after being accused of treason, Barton was executed by hanging. Her martyrdom is remembered within the Catholic Church.

Continue Reading

Juana de la Cruz Vazquez Gutierrez

Spanish Roman Catholic nun and venerable
Born
1481 544 years ago
Died
May 3rd, 1534 490 years ago — 53 years old

Became a prominent figure within the Spanish Roman Catholic Church during the early 16th century. Joined the Order of Saint Augustine and dedicated life to religious service and community. Established a convent that focused on the spiritual education of women. Contributed to the development of theological writings and eventually received the title of venerable for her pious life and commitment to the faith.

Continue Reading

Thomas Cajetan

Italian philosopher and theologian
Born
February 20th, 1469 556 years ago
Died
August 9th, 1534 490 years ago — 65 years old

A prominent figure in the Renaissance, contributed significantly to scholastic theology and philosophy. Served as a cardinal and led the Dominican order in the 16th century. Engaged in debates regarding Reformation ideas, emphasizing the importance of faith and reason. Authored numerous works, critically analyzing the thoughts of Aristotle and St. Thomas Aquinas. His commentary on Aquinas remains a touchstone in the study of theology.

Continue Reading