Historical Events from This Year 1535
Anti-Protestant Procession Led by King Francis I
In response to the rise of Protestantism and the recent Affair of the Placards, King Francis I of France led a grand anti-Protestant procession through the streets of Paris. This public display aimed to reaffirm the Catholic faith and showcase the royal opposition to the Protestant Reformation. The procession included clergy, nobles, and a vast number of citizens, all unified in their allegiance to the Catholic Church. The display served to juxtapose the growing Protestant dissent and reflect the king's determination to reassert Catholic orthodoxy in France.
Continue ReadingFray Tomás de Berlanga Discovers Galápagos Islands
On a journey to Peru, Fray Tomás de Berlanga inadvertently stumbled upon the Galápagos Islands. As the fourth Bishop of Panama, he was sailing from Panama when winds took his ship off course. The uninhabited islands made a significant impression with their unique wildlife and volcanic landscapes. Berlanga noted the remarkable variety of wildlife and sought to document his findings, marking an important moment in the exploration of the Pacific.
Continue ReadingJacques Cartier's Second Voyage to North America
Jacques Cartier embarked on his second voyage to North America, commanding three ships and a crew of 110 men. Notably, he included the two sons of Chief Donnacona, whom he had captured during his previous expedition. The mission aimed to explore the St. Lawrence River and establish further contacts with the indigenous peoples. Cartier's previous interactions had given him insights into local geography and resource potential, making this voyage key for consolidation of French claims in Canada.
Continue ReadingCharles V's Forces Drive Ottomans from Tunis
Combined forces loyal to Charles V launched an attack on Tunis, successfully expelling the Ottoman garrison from the city. This military campaign, prompted by both territorial ambitions and the desire to curtail Ottoman influence in North Africa, featured a coalition of Spanish, Italian, and Maltese troops. The siege culminated in a decisive victory, securing control of Tunis for the Habsburgs and altering the balance of power in the Mediterranean region.
Continue ReadingMünster Anabaptist State Conquered and Dissolved
The Anabaptist state of Münster was a radical religious community formed by Anabaptists after they seized control of the city in 1534. Their regime, characterized by strict communal living and theocratic governance under leaders like John of Leiden, attracted significant attention and opposition. On this day, a coalition of Lutheran and Catholic forces launched a siege against Münster, ultimately leading to the fall of the Anabaptist stronghold. The city was heavily fortified, but it could not withstand the sustained military pressure, resulting in its recapture and the end of radical Anabaptist rule in the region.
Continue ReadingPope Paul III Excommunicates Henry VIII
Pope Paul III issued a papal bull excommunicating King Henry VIII, citing his break from the Roman Catholic Church. The decree, officially known as 'Eius qui immobilis,' condemned Henry for his actions following his marriage annulment and establishment of the Church of England. This dramatic ecclesiastical maneuver aimed to assert papal authority over England amid rising tensions between the monarchy and the Catholic Church. The excommunication further solidified the rift between England and the Vatican.
Continue ReadingFirst Printing of the Coverdale Bible
The Coverdale Bible became the first complete Bible printed in English, translated largely by William Tyndale and Myles Coverdale. Printed in Zurich, Switzerland, it included substantial text from Tyndale's earlier translations and was dedicated to King Henry VIII. This translation played a crucial role in making the scriptures accessible to the English-speaking populace and set the stage for future English Bible translations.
Continue Reading