What Happened This Year 1551

Historical Events from This Year 1551

Education & Academia

Foundation of National University of San Marcos

May 12th, 1551 473 years ago

In Lima, Peru, the National University of San Marcos was founded in 1551, making it the oldest university in the Americas. Established by a royal decree from the Spanish King Charles I, this institution aimed to provide higher education to the rapidly growing Spanish colonies. It began with faculties in theology, law, medicine, and the arts, greatly influencing the academic landscape in Peru and beyond. As a pivotal center of learning, San Marcos cultivated a rich environment for intellectual discourse and education in the region.

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Politics & Government

Ōuchi Clan Coup Leads to Lord's Death

September 30th, 1551 473 years ago

The Ōuchi clan military establishment successfully executed a coup against their lord, Ōuchi Yoshitaka. Facing insurrection within their own ranks, Yoshitaka was compelled to commit suicide as a result of the power struggle. Following this tragic turn of events, the city of Yoshida was set ablaze, demonstrating the ferocity of the clan's internal conflict and the consequences of political turmoil during this era.

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Born in 1551 (View all 10)

Abu'l-Fazl ibn Mubarak

Mughal vizier and historian
Born
January 14th, 1551 474 years ago
Died
August 12th, 1602 422 years ago — 51 years old

Served as a prominent vizier in the Mughal Empire under Akbar the Great. Authored 'Akbarnama', a comprehensive history of Akbar's reign, and contributed to 'Ain-i-Akbari', a document detailing administration and culture. Provided counsel and played a key role in the formation of administrative policies and cultural patronage during this period.

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Nicolaus Reimers

German astronomer with notable works
Born
February 2nd, 1551 474 years ago
Died
1600 425 years ago — 49 years old

An early figure in astronomy, contributed significantly to the understanding of celestial mechanics and the theory of the earth's motion. Published works included calculations of planetary positions and potential improvements to existing astronomical models. Studies emphasized the need for precise observations and led to further advancements in the discipline.

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Salomon Schweigger

Theologian and scholar of Judaism
Born
March 30th, 1551 473 years ago
Died
June 21st, 1622 402 years ago — 71 years old

A theologian and scholar born in Germany, contributions included extensive writings on Judaism and Hebrew language studies. Published works provided critical insights into Jewish texts and practices during the 16th century. Involved in discussions about religious tolerance and interfaith dialogue during a time of significant religious upheaval.

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William Camden

Historian and topographer of England
Born
May 2nd, 1551 473 years ago
Died
November 9th, 1623 401 years ago — 72 years old

Born in 1551, a significant English historian and topographer contributed to the study of British history and antiquities. Authored 'Britannia', a comprehensive work detailing the geography, history, and customs of England, Scotland, and Wales. Served as the Clarencieux King of Arms, leading to increased involvement in historical record-keeping. Through meticulous research, provided valuable insights into ancient Britain, shaping modern understanding of the period.

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Henry III of France

King of France, Wars of Religion
Born
September 19th, 1551 473 years ago
Died
August 2nd, 1589 435 years ago — 37 years old

Ruled as King of France from 1574 until assassination in 1589. Engaged in the French Wars of Religion, which was a series of civil wars primarily between Catholics and Huguenots. Ruling during a tumultuous period, implemented policies aimed at maintaining peace between the rival factions. Promoted the royal authority and navigated the complexities of a divided nation. His reign is marked by political intrigue and the challenges of unifying a fractured country.

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Giulio Caccini

Italian composer and singer-songwriter
Born
October 8th, 1551 473 years ago
Died
December 10th, 1618 406 years ago — 67 years old

Born in 1551, this Italian composer played a significant role in the development of early Baroque music. He was a key figure in the Florentine Camerata, a group of intellectuals who sought to revive ancient Greek drama through music. Caccini is most recognized for his operatic work, particularly for the composition of the first opera, 'Euridice,' which premiered in 1600. His contributions to monody, a style featuring solo singing with instrumental accompaniment, shaped the course of Western music. His published works, especially his collection 'Le Nuove Musiche,' showcased his innovative approach to vocal expression and ornamentation.

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People Who Died in 1551 (View all 12)

Joachim Vadian

Swiss scholar and politician
Born
1484 541 years ago
Died
April 6th, 1551 473 years ago — 67 years old

A prominent figure in the Reformation, Vadian contributed significantly to the intellectual landscape of his time. He served as the mayor of St. Gallen multiple times and was instrumental in establishing the city's connection to the Protestant Reformation. Vadian was a noted scholar, authoring works on history, geography, and medicine. His Latin writing, 'De origine et progressu civitatis St. Gallensis,' is particularly recognized for its historical value, while his advocacy for humanist education helped shape the curriculum in Swiss schools. Vadian’s influence extended beyond St. Gallen, inspiring similar reforms in neighboring regions.

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Oda Nobuhide

Japanese warlord and military leader
Born
1510 515 years ago
Died
April 8th, 1551 473 years ago — 41 years old

Served as a prominent daimyo during the Sengoku period in Japan. Led the Oda clan and played a critical role in the unification efforts of Japan in the 16th century. Expanded territorial control through military campaigns and forged strategic alliances. His leadership and military strategies laid the groundwork for future unification efforts by his son, Oda Nobunaga.

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Barbara Radziwiłł

Queen of Poland during the 16th century
Born
December 6th, 1520 504 years ago
Died
May 8th, 1551 473 years ago — 30 years old

Born into the influential Radziwiłł family, served as Queen consort of Poland from 1530 until her death in 1551. Married to King Zygmunt II August, her reign was marked by political alliances. Active in court life, she played a significant role in the patronage of the arts and culture, contributing to the Renaissance flourishing in Poland. Barbara's sudden death led to a profound effect on the king, leading to policies favoring her family. Her legacy lives on through the historical narratives and historical accounts of the era.

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Shin Saimdang

South Korean poet and calligraphist
Born
October 29th, 1504 520 years ago
Died
May 17th, 1551 473 years ago — 46 years old

A prominent figure in Korean literature and art during the Joseon Dynasty, this individual excelled in poetry and calligraphy. Renowned for exceptional skills, contributions to Korean culture and education were significant. Writings often reflected themes of nature and familial bonds. The art of calligraphy was masterfully practiced, setting standards for future generations. As a mother and educator, emphasis on instilling traditional values in children was paramount.

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Domenico di Pace Beccafumi

Italian Renaissance painter of Siena
Born
1486 539 years ago
Died
May 18th, 1551 473 years ago — 65 years old

Active during the early 16th century, worked primarily in Siena. Became prominent for contributions to the Mannerist style, integrating classical elements into religious and mythological subjects. Created frescoes for several churches, including the Basilica of San Domenico in Siena. Also known for developing a unique technique in painting on both wood and canvas, influencing future artists.

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Gregory Cromwell

English politician and 1st Baron Cromwell
Born
1514 511 years ago
Died
July 4th, 1551 473 years ago — 37 years old

Served as an English politician and was the son of Thomas Cromwell, a key advisor to King Henry VIII. Inherited the title of Baron Cromwell in 1540, becoming influential in the governance of England during the reign of Edward VI. Held various offices, including the role of Treasurer of the Court of Augmentations. His political career was closely tied to the events of the Reformation in England, navigating the complexities of loyalty during shifting allegiances at court.

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