What Happened This Year 1575

Historical Events from This Year 1575

Exploration & Discovery

Foundation of Luanda by Paulo Dias de Novais

January 25th, 1575 450 years ago

Luanda was founded by the Portuguese navigator Paulo Dias de Novais as a fortified settlement. This strategic move aimed to solidify Portuguese presence in Angola. The settlement was established on the Atlantic coast, making it a critical site for trade and military defense. Today, Luanda stands as Angola's capital and a major African city.

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Military & Warfare

Akbar's Victory Over Daud Khan Karrani

March 3rd, 1575 450 years ago

The Mughal Emperor Akbar defeated Daud Khan Karrani's army at the Battle of Tukaroi, consolidating Mughal power in Bengal. This battle marked a key conflict in Akbar's campaign to expand his empire and eliminate resistance from local rulers. The victory enabled Akbar to secure crucial territories and further enhance his influence in the eastern regions of India.

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Military & Warfare

Oda Nobunaga and Tokugawa Ieyasu's Victory

June 28th, 1575 449 years ago

The Battle of Nagashino saw the forces of Oda Nobunaga and Tokugawa Ieyasu achieve a decisive victory against the Takeda clan. This battle, fought near Nagashino Castle in present-day Aichi Prefecture, showcased innovative tactics and the effective use of muskets. Oda and Tokugawa's combined strategy turned the tide against the cavalry-heavy forces of Takeda Katsuyori, leading to significant casualties and ensuring the decline of the Takeda clan's power in Japan.

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Military & Warfare

Last Major Battle Between England and Scotland

July 7th, 1575 449 years ago

The Raid of the Redeswire was a significant confrontation between English and Scottish forces, taking place in the border region. On this occasion, English forces led by Sir John Forster clashed with Scottish raiders under the command of the Earl of Northumberland. The skirmish, prompted by ongoing tensions and border disputes, showcased the persistent conflicts along the Anglo-Scottish border.

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Military & Warfare

Guise Forces Defeat Protestants, Capturing Mornay

October 10th, 1575 449 years ago

Roman Catholic forces led by Henry I, Duke of Guise, secured a significant victory against Protestant forces, capturing notable leader Philippe de Mornay amid the conflicts of the French Wars of Religion. This confrontation highlights the intense struggle for power and religious dominance in France during this tumultuous period.

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Natural Disasters

Massive Earthquake Shakes Valdivia, Chile

December 16th, 1575 449 years ago

An estimated magnitude of 8.5Mw earthquake struck Valdivia, Chile, causing widespread destruction. The event was felt across southern Chile and altered the landscape significantly. Reports from the time indicate severe damage to buildings and infrastructure, leading to a substantial loss of life and property. This earthquake is notable for its magnitude and for being one of the strongest recorded in the region's history, demonstrating the geological volatility of the area.

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Born in 1575 (View all 20)

Pierre de Bérulle

French cardinal and theologian
Born
February 4th, 1575 450 years ago
Died
October 2nd, 1629 395 years ago — 54 years old

Born in 1575, a French cardinal and theologian founded the French school of spirituality. Played a crucial role in the Counter-Reformation through his emphasis on contemplative prayer and the inner life. Served as a advisor to King Louis XIII and contributed to the revival of the Catholic Church in France. Established several religious congregations focused on spirituality and devotion to Christ.

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John Adolf

Duke of Holstein-Gottorp
Born
February 27th, 1575 450 years ago
Died
1616 409 years ago — 41 years old

Born in 1575, served as Duke of Holstein-Gottorp from 1586 until his death in 1616. Played a significant role in the politics of Northern Germany during his reign. Participated in various military and diplomatic activities aimed at enhancing the influence of the Duchy. Established relations with different European powers, seeking to navigate the complex geopolitical landscape of the time. Oversaw the administration and development of the duchy.

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William Oughtred

English mathematician and inventor of the slide rule
Born
March 5th, 1575 450 years ago
Died
June 30th, 1660 364 years ago — 85 years old

An English minister and mathematician, Oughtred contributed significantly to the field of mathematics in the 17th century. He introduced the slide rule, a device used for calculation based on logarithms, and authored several influential mathematical texts, including 'The Circle of Proportion' and 'The Art of Mathematics'. His works helped to formalize and advance mathematical notation. Oughtred served as a minister in the Church of England, balancing his religious duties with his passion for mathematics, and gained respect among mathematicians in his lifetime.

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Marie de' Medici

French queen consort and regent
Born
April 26th, 1575 449 years ago
Died
July 3rd, 1642 382 years ago — 67 years old

Born into the powerful Medici family, a significant political player in France, served as queen consort of Henry IV and later as regent during the minority of her son, Louis XIII. Oversaw a period of political maneuvering and cultural patronage. Played a crucial role in shaping the arts and politics of France during her regency, fostering relationships with prominent artists and architects.

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Robert Heath

English judge and politician
Born
May 20th, 1575 449 years ago
Died
1649 376 years ago — 74 years old

Born in 1575, this individual served as a prominent judge and politician in England during the late 16th and early 17th centuries. Appointed as the Chief Justice of the Common Pleas, his legal expertise contributed significantly to the judicial system of the time. His tenure was marked by notable rulings and involvement in high-profile cases, reflecting the complexities of law during a turbulent political era. Additionally, he played a role in various legislative matters, influencing the development of English law.

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Anne Catherine of Brandenburg

Duchess of Saxe-Weimar
Born
June 26th, 1575 449 years ago
Died
April 8th, 1612 412 years ago — 36 years old

Born into the House of Hohenzollern, a significant German dynasty, service included marriage to Duke Wilhelm of Saxe-Weimar. Contributed to the duchy during the late 16th and early 17th centuries. The partnership produced six children, important for the succession. Following the death of the duke, maintained the regency for their son, ensuring stability and governance in a tumultuous period.

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People Who Died in 1575 (View all 14)

James Hamilton

British statesman and 1st Duke of Abercorn
Born
January 21st, 1811 214 years ago
Died
January 22nd, 1575 450 years ago — -236 years old

Born in 1811, this individual served as a prominent British statesman, engaged in various levels of government. Appointed as the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland in the 19th century, played a significant role in the administration of Irish affairs. Held several governmental positions throughout his career, including serving as Secretary of State for the Colonies. His work contributed to the governance and political landscape of the time, particularly in relation to Ireland.

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Matthias Flacius

Theologian and reformer focused on Lutheranism
Born
March 3rd, 1520 505 years ago
Died
March 11th, 1575 450 years ago — 55 years old

Originating from Croatia, a theologian and reformer contributed significantly to the Lutheran reformation in the 16th century. Studied under influential reformers and engaged in theological debate against Roman Catholic doctrines. Established the importance of scripture and the teaching of original sin. Flacius's works included the 'Ecclesiastica Historia' which chronicled the history of the church from its inception to the Reformation. His editorial work on the 'Confessio Augustana' emphasized Lutheran principles and influenced the direction of Protestant theology.

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Joseph ben Ephraim Karo

Rabbi and author of the Shulchan Aruch
Born
1488 537 years ago
Died
March 24th, 1575 449 years ago — 87 years old

A significant figure in Jewish law and scholarship, this Spanish-Portuguese rabbi and author compiled the Halakhic code known as the Shulchan Aruch. The work served as a comprehensive guide to Jewish law and has been widely used by observant Jews. Originally from Spain, later moved to Portugal and eventually settled in Safed, where he became a leading rabbinic authority. His writings have had a lasting impact on Jewish law, influencing practices and rulings among Jewish communities.

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Matthew Parker

English Archbishop and reformer
Born
August 6th, 1504 520 years ago
Died
May 17th, 1575 449 years ago — 70 years old

Served as the Archbishop of Canterbury from 1559 until death, leading the Church of England during the Elizabethan era. Oversaw the establishment of the Book of Common Prayer and supported religious reform in line with Protestant principles. Played a vital role in the Elizabethan Religious Settlement, which shaped the direction of the Church of England. Contributed to the development of Anglican theology and church governance, while also engaging in scholarly work, including the editing of early texts and biblical manuscripts.

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Yonekura Shigetsugu

Japanese samurai and military leader
Died
June 28th, 1575 449 years ago — None years old

Served as a prominent samurai during the Sengoku period in Japan. Participated in various military campaigns under the leadership of different daimyōs. Gained recognition for loyalty and skills in warfare. His actions contributed to the dynamics of power during the era, particularly as conflicts escalated among rival warlords.

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Baba Nobuharu

Japanese samurai and military leader
Born
1515 510 years ago
Died
June 29th, 1575 449 years ago — 60 years old

Served as a samurai during the Sengoku period in Japan. Played a significant role in various battles and served under multiple daimyōs. Engaged in the Siege of Takamatsu and participated in the defense against rival clans. His service under Toyotomi Hideyoshi was particularly noted, culminating in contributions during the invasions of Korea. Died in battle in 1575.

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