What Happened This Year 1581

Born in 1581

James Ussher

Irish Archbishop and biblical scholar
Born
January 4th, 1581 444 years ago
Died
March 21st, 1656 368 years ago — 75 years old

Born in 1581, served as Archbishop of Armagh in Ireland and was a prominent historian and theologian. Ussher is particularly recognized for his work on biblical chronology, culminating in the publication of 'Annales veteris testamenti, a prima mundi origine', which proposed a timeline for the creation of the world. His calculations suggested that the creation occurred in 4004 BC. Ussher also engaged in debates regarding the nature of the Biblical canon and the authority of scripture. His scholarly pursuits contributed significantly to the understanding of early church history and biblical interpretation during the 17th century.

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Pieter Corneliszoon Hooft

Dutch historian and poet, wrote Dutch history
Born
March 16th, 1581 444 years ago
Died
May 21st, 1647 377 years ago — 66 years old

Born in 1581, a prominent figure in Dutch literature and history. Engaged in historical writing and poetry, contributing significantly to the Dutch Golden Age. Best known for the historical work 'Nederlandse Historien', which detailed the history of the Netherlands during the Eighty Years' War against Spain. His poetry emphasized the beauty of the Dutch landscape and classical themes. Hooft also played a key role in the literary circles of his time, influencing other writers and poets.

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Vincent de Paul

French priest and founder of missions
Born
April 24th, 1581 443 years ago
Died
September 27th, 1660 364 years ago — 79 years old

Born in 1581, dedicated life to serving the poor and marginalized. Established the Congregation of the Mission, which focused on the spiritual and material needs of the underprivileged. Founded the Daughters of Charity, the first community of non-clerical women dedicated to serving the needy. Promoted social justice and the care for the ill. Utilized the principles of charity and humility in all endeavors, guiding numerous initiatives aimed at helping the destitute.

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San Pedro Claver

Spanish Jesuit saint and missionary
Born
June 26th, 1581 443 years ago
Died
1654 371 years ago — 73 years old

Born in 1581, a Spanish Jesuit missionary dedicated life to the service of enslaved people in the Americas. Deployed to Cartagena, Colombia, provided care and catechesis to thousands of Africans brought to the region. Established a reputation for compassion and advocacy for the rights of the enslaved, working tirelessly to alleviate their suffering. Canonized in 1888, he became the patron saint of enslaved people and mission workers.

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Claude Gaspard Bachet de Méziriac

French mathematician and linguist
Born
October 9th, 1581 443 years ago
Died
February 26th, 1638 387 years ago — 56 years old

Significant contributions to mathematics and linguistics occurred throughout the career. Published 'Luck, or the Art of Playing with Dice' which explored probability theory and combinatorics. Worked on number theory and was known for translations of classical texts, broadening access to mathematical ideas. The writings influenced future mathematicians and promoted mathematics as a discipline during the Renaissance.

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Domenichino

Italian painter of Baroque masterpieces
Born
October 21st, 1581 443 years ago
Died
1641 384 years ago — 60 years old

An Italian painter of the Baroque period, this artist demonstrated a mastery of light, color, and form. Trained under the prominent artist Annibale Carracci, the painter became known for his religious and mythological compositions, working primarily in fresco and oil. Notable works include 'The Communion of Saint Jerome' and 'The Martyrdom of Saint Agnes', showcasing a blend of classical influences and emotional depth. The painter held significant roles in various ecclesiastical commissions throughout Italy, reflecting the artistic trends of the 17th century.

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Philip III

Spanish king during a period of decline
Born
December 26th, 1581 443 years ago
Died
March 31st, 1621 403 years ago — 39 years old

Ruled as the King of Spain from 1598 to 1621. Leadership was marked by significant political challenges and economic decline. Oversaw the later years of Spain's Golden Age, though internal strife and military issues arose. Engaged in the Thirty Years' War initially supporting the Habsburgs. His reign witnessed the decline of Spanish power overseas as well as domestic issues including the expulsion of Moriscos. The administration faced difficulties in finances leading to a reliance on foreign loans.

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Juan Ruiz de Alarcón

Mexican playwright and actor of 17th century
Born
1581 444 years ago
Died
August 4th, 1639 385 years ago — 58 years old

Active during the Spanish Golden Age, Ruiz de Alarcón contributed significantly to the theatrical landscape of the time. His works frequently explored themes of morality, social issues, and the complexities of human relationships. He was a prominent figure in the Mexican theater scene, and many of his plays were performed in both Mexico and Spain. The combination of his dramatic talent and literary skills earned him a respected place in the world of early modern Spanish literature.

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Thomas Overbury

English poet and author of 'Overbury's Wife'
Born
1581 444 years ago
Died
September 15th, 1613 411 years ago — 32 years old

Born in England, this poet and author achieved recognition for his works during the early 17th century. 'Overbury's Wife' stands as one of the significant highlights of his literary career. In addition to poetry, he also served as a courtier and essayist. His writings often reflected social commentary on contemporary issues, and he was involved in the literary circles of his time. His life ended tragically when he was murdered in 1613, an event that drew public attention and contributed to the legacy of his work.

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