What Happened This Year 1581

Born in 1581

James Ussher

Irish Archbishop and biblical scholar
Born
January 4th, 1581 444 years ago
Died
March 21st, 1656 368 years ago — 75 years old

Born in 1581, served as Archbishop of Armagh in Ireland and was a prominent historian and theologian. Ussher is particularly recognized for his work on biblical chronology, culminating in the publication of 'Annales veteris testamenti, a prima mundi origine', which proposed a timeline for the creation of the world. His calculations suggested that the creation occurred in 4004 BC. Ussher also engaged in debates regarding the nature of the Biblical canon and the authority of scripture. His scholarly pursuits contributed significantly to the understanding of early church history and biblical interpretation during the 17th century.

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Pieter Corneliszoon Hooft

Dutch historian and poet, wrote Dutch history
Born
March 16th, 1581 443 years ago
Died
May 21st, 1647 377 years ago — 66 years old

Born in 1581, a prominent figure in Dutch literature and history. Engaged in historical writing and poetry, contributing significantly to the Dutch Golden Age. Best known for the historical work 'Nederlandse Historien', which detailed the history of the Netherlands during the Eighty Years' War against Spain. His poetry emphasized the beauty of the Dutch landscape and classical themes. Hooft also played a key role in the literary circles of his time, influencing other writers and poets.

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Vincent de Paul

French priest and founder of missions
Born
April 24th, 1581 443 years ago
Died
September 27th, 1660 364 years ago — 79 years old

Born in 1581, dedicated life to serving the poor and marginalized. Established the Congregation of the Mission, which focused on the spiritual and material needs of the underprivileged. Founded the Daughters of Charity, the first community of non-clerical women dedicated to serving the needy. Promoted social justice and the care for the ill. Utilized the principles of charity and humility in all endeavors, guiding numerous initiatives aimed at helping the destitute.

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San Pedro Claver

Spanish Jesuit saint and missionary
Born
June 26th, 1581 443 years ago
Died
1654 371 years ago — 73 years old

Born in 1581, a Spanish Jesuit missionary dedicated life to the service of enslaved people in the Americas. Deployed to Cartagena, Colombia, provided care and catechesis to thousands of Africans brought to the region. Established a reputation for compassion and advocacy for the rights of the enslaved, working tirelessly to alleviate their suffering. Canonized in 1888, he became the patron saint of enslaved people and mission workers.

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Claude Gaspard Bachet de Méziriac

French mathematician and linguist
Born
October 9th, 1581 443 years ago
Died
February 26th, 1638 387 years ago — 56 years old

Significant contributions to mathematics and linguistics occurred throughout the career. Published 'Luck, or the Art of Playing with Dice' which explored probability theory and combinatorics. Worked on number theory and was known for translations of classical texts, broadening access to mathematical ideas. The writings influenced future mathematicians and promoted mathematics as a discipline during the Renaissance.

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Domenichino

Italian painter of Baroque masterpieces
Born
October 21st, 1581 443 years ago
Died
1641 384 years ago — 60 years old

An Italian painter of the Baroque period, this artist demonstrated a mastery of light, color, and form. Trained under the prominent artist Annibale Carracci, the painter became known for his religious and mythological compositions, working primarily in fresco and oil. Notable works include 'The Communion of Saint Jerome' and 'The Martyrdom of Saint Agnes', showcasing a blend of classical influences and emotional depth. The painter held significant roles in various ecclesiastical commissions throughout Italy, reflecting the artistic trends of the 17th century.

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Philip III

Spanish king during a period of decline
Born
December 26th, 1581 443 years ago
Died
March 31st, 1621 403 years ago — 39 years old

Ruled as the King of Spain from 1598 to 1621. Leadership was marked by significant political challenges and economic decline. Oversaw the later years of Spain's Golden Age, though internal strife and military issues arose. Engaged in the Thirty Years' War initially supporting the Habsburgs. His reign witnessed the decline of Spanish power overseas as well as domestic issues including the expulsion of Moriscos. The administration faced difficulties in finances leading to a reliance on foreign loans.

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Robert Shirley

English soldier and diplomat
Born
1581 444 years ago
Died
July 13th, 1628 396 years ago — 47 years old

Served as a soldier and diplomat during the early 17th century. Engaged in military campaigns in Persia, contributing to the English interests in the region. Organized diplomatic missions, fostering relationships between England and Persia, particularly during the reign of Shah Abbas I. Contributed to the introduction of Western ideas and technologies to Persia, influencing trade and cultural exchanges.

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Fausto Poli

Italian cardinal and papal diplomat
Born
1581 444 years ago
Died
October 7th, 1653 371 years ago — 72 years old

This individual served as a prominent Italian cardinal during the 17th century. Appointed to the clergy at an early age, he ascended through the ranks of the Catholic Church, holding significant positions of influence. There were notable roles in diplomatic missions on behalf of the Vatican, contributing to the Catholic Church's presence and policies in various regions. His ecclesiastical leadership extended to overseeing important religious matters and influencing church politics during his tenure. His work played a crucial part in the complexities of church diplomacy during a turbulent era in Europe.

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