What Happened This Year 1599

Historical Events from This Year 1599

Military & Warfare

Hugh Roe O'Donnell's Ambush at Curlew Pass

August 15th, 1599 425 years ago

Irish forces commanded by Hugh Roe O'Donnell executed a successful ambush against an English relief force led by Sir Conyers Clifford near Curlew Pass. The engagement became a notable confrontation during the Nine Years' War, marking a significant victory for O'Donnell’s troops. The surprise attack utilized the element of surprise and the terrain's advantages to inflict serious casualties on the English forces, whose mission was to support Collooney Castle. This encounter showcased the proficiency and tactical skill of O'Donnell and his men.

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Military & Warfare

Michael the Brave's Victory at Șelimbăr

October 18th, 1599 425 years ago

Michael the Brave, the Prince of Wallachia, achieved a significant victory against the army of Andrew Báthory in the Battle of Șelimbăr. This battle, fought in the region of Transylvania, marked a turning point as Michael aimed to unite the various Romanian principalities. His forces successfully defeated Báthory's troops, showcasing not only military strategy but also the aspirations for national unity. The victory was celebrated for its implications on the political landscape of the region, as it set the stage for future unifications of the Romanian people.

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Politics & Government

Decapitation of Noblemen in Turku

November 10th, 1599 425 years ago

Fourteen noblemen opposed to Duke Charles were executed for their involvement in the War against Sigismund. This execution was conducted in the Old Great Square of Turku, marking a significant moment in the power struggle within the Swedish monarchy. The noblemen were accused of treason and their public execution served as a stark warning to others who might oppose Duke Charles' rule.

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Born in 1599 (View all 21)

Pope Alexander VII

Papal leadership during the 17th century
Born
February 13th, 1599 426 years ago
Died
May 22nd, 1667 357 years ago — 68 years old

Served as pope from 1655 until death in 1667. Oversaw significant artistic patronage in the Baroque period, including the completion of St. Peter's Basilica in Vatican City. Strengthened the authority of the papacy amidst the challenges of the Protestant Reformation and various political conflicts in Europe. Promoted the Catholic Church's interests in several territories, particularly in France and the Holy Roman Empire.

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John Berchmans

Belgian Jesuit Scholastic and Saint
Born
March 13th, 1599 426 years ago
Died
1621 404 years ago — 22 years old

Born in 1599 in Belgium, this individual joined the Society of Jesus and became a prominent scholastic. After completing his studies in Philosophy and Theology in Rome, he developed a reputation for piety and academic excellence. He was beatified in 1606 and canonized in 1888. This individual is venerated as a model of study and holiness within the Catholic Church, particularly for students and Jesuits.

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Anthony van Dyck

Flemish-English painter of portraits
Born
March 22nd, 1599 425 years ago
Died
December 9th, 1641 383 years ago — 42 years old

Active primarily in the 17th century, this painter emerged as a prominent portrait artist, recognized for his contributions to Baroque art. Initially trained in Antwerp, he later moved to England, where he became the principal court painter to King Charles I. His style is characterized by a blend of dramatic lighting and rich color that conveyed the personality of his subjects. The painter's ability to capture the likeness of his sitters set a new standard for portraiture in Europe. He produced a significant body of work that includes numerous royal portraits and depictions of the English aristocracy.

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Thomas Selle

German composer of sacred music
Born
March 23rd, 1599 425 years ago
Died
1663 362 years ago — 64 years old

Born in 1599, a prominent composer emerged, contributing significantly to the genre of sacred music during the early Baroque period. Active in Germany, he published numerous works that emphasized the integration of melody and harmony within liturgical settings. His compositions often featured intricate vocal lines and were composed for various ensembles, influencing contemporaneous music styles. Worked in several churches and courts, establishing a reputation for both vocal and instrumental works, including motets and hymns. His music remains preserved in various collections, continuing to be studied and performed by modern musicians.

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Oliver Cromwell

English general and politician
Born
April 25th, 1599 425 years ago
Died
September 3rd, 1658 366 years ago — 59 years old

A military and political leader during the English Civil War, commanded the New Model Army against King Charles I. After the king's execution, served as Lord Protector of England, Scotland, and Ireland. Led campaigns in Ireland and Scotland, shaping the future of England's governance.

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Samuel Bochart

Biblical scholar, author of 'Geographia Sacra'
Born
May 30th, 1599 425 years ago
Died
1667 358 years ago — 68 years old

A French Protestant biblical scholar, contributions focused on biblical geography and history. Authored 'Geographia Sacra', which examined historical and geographical contexts of the Bible. Influenced subsequent biblical scholarship and interpretation through meticulous research. Worked during a period of significant religious conflict in Europe, engaging in scholarly activities that bridged theology and geography. Addressed critical issues surrounding biblical texts and their implications.

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People Who Died in 1599 (View all 14)

Edmund Spenser

English poet, author of The Faerie Queene
Born
1552 473 years ago
Died
January 13th, 1599 426 years ago — 47 years old

An English poet served as Chief Secretary for Ireland. He composed significant works in the late 16th century, particularly admired for the epic poem 'The Faerie Queene', which celebrated Queen Elizabeth I and explored themes of virtue and knighthood. The work is noted for its rich allegory and innovative use of the Spenserian stanza. Spenser's writing style influenced many subsequent poets and contributed to the development of English literature. His tenure in Ireland informed his later works, reflecting the complexities of colonial rule and his observations on Irish culture.

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Robert Rollock

Scottish theologian and academic
Born
1555 470 years ago
Died
February 8th, 1599 426 years ago — 44 years old

An influential figure in the Scottish Reformation, this theologian played a significant role in the establishment of Protestant education in Scotland. He served as the first principal of the University of Edinburgh, where he contributed to the development of academic theology. His writings and teachings laid the groundwork for future generations of theologians. The scholar engaged in extensive debates over the nature of predestination and the role of grace. His works addressed key theological issues of the time and encouraged a reformative approach to education in Scotland.

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Guido Panciroli

Italian historian and jurist
Born
1523 502 years ago
Died
March 5th, 1599 426 years ago — 76 years old

Panciroli served as a prominent historian and jurist during the Renaissance period. His scholarly work focused on various historical themes, including legal studies and the history of law. Authored important texts that contributed to the understanding of history and legal principles of the time. Emphasized the significance of historical records in informing legal practices and societal governance. His legacy influenced subsequent generations of historians and jurists in Italy and beyond.

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Gabrielle d'Estrées

French Royal Mistress of Henry IV
Born
1571 454 years ago
Died
April 10th, 1599 425 years ago — 28 years old

Served as the mistress of Henry IV of France and played a significant role in the royal court during the late 16th century. D'Estrées was a prominent figure of influence and gave birth to three children with the king. Her relationship with Henry IV was notable for its public nature and the favor she enjoyed in the court. Gabrielle pursued a significant romantic involvement with the king, and her influence was reflected in political matters and the king's decisions.

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Maeda Toshiie

Japanese general during the Sengoku period
Born
January 15th, 1538 487 years ago
Died
April 27th, 1599 425 years ago — 61 years old

A prominent general during the Sengoku period, contributed significantly to the unification of Japan under the Toyotomi clan. Served loyally under Toyotomi Hideyoshi, playing a crucial role in military campaigns. Known for strategic brilliance and strong leadership in battles, including the Siege of Odawara and the Korean invasions. Established a powerful domain in Kaga, fostering the development of the region and supporting the arts and culture.

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Murad Mirza

Mughal prince and military leader
Born
1570 455 years ago
Died
May 12th, 1599 425 years ago — 29 years old

Born into the Mughal Empire, held the title of prince. Served as a military leader during campaigns against the Deccan sultanates. Participated in significant battles and had a role in the governance of various provinces. Demonstrated loyalty to the Mughal throne and engaged in various administrative duties. Died at a relatively young age in 1599, leaving behind a legacy tied to the Mughal lineage and its conflicts.

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