What Happened This Year 1638

Born in 1638

Maria Theresa of Spain

Spanish Queen Consort of France
Born
September 10th, 1638 386 years ago
Died
July 30th, 1683 341 years ago — 44 years old

From 1660 to 1683, served as Queen Consort of France through marriage to Louis XIV. As a member of the Habsburg dynasty, played a significant diplomatic role in European politics. Her marriage was pivotal in strengthening the ties between Spain and France, marking her as an important figure in the dynastic alliances of that era. Died in 1683, leaving a legacy tied to the Bourbon monarchy.

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Isaac Milles

English minister and theologian
Born
September 19th, 1638 386 years ago
Died
1720 305 years ago — 82 years old

Born in 1638, a prominent English minister and theologian contributed significantly to religious thought. Served as a minister in several parishes, with a focus on creating religious texts and sermons that shaped Anglican doctrine. Played a crucial role in the theological discussions of the time, influencing both liturgical practices and the educational approach within the Church of England. Continued to write extensively, addressing various aspects of faith and morality throughout his ministry.

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Meindert Hobbema

Dutch landscape painter renowned for works
Born
October 31st, 1638 386 years ago
Died
1709 316 years ago — 71 years old

Born in 1638, one of the most influential landscapists of the Dutch Golden Age, contributed significantly to the genre of landscape painting. His early works depicted rural scenes and focused on the natural environment, emphasizing trees, water, and light. Hobbema's paintings received acclaim for their meticulous detail and composition, showcasing the beauty of the Dutch countryside. His most celebrated piece, 'The Avenue at Middelharnis', exemplifies his distinctive style and use of perspective. Later in life, he faced struggles with financial stability and recognition, yet his legacy endured, influencing future generations of artists.

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Catherine of Braganza

Portuguese queen consort of England
Born
November 25th, 1638 386 years ago
Died
December 31st, 1705 319 years ago — 67 years old

Born in 1638, she was the daughter of King John IV of Portugal and Luisa de Guzmán. In 1662, she married Charles II of England, which led to the significant integration of Portuguese trade and tea culture into English society. The marriage served to strengthen the political alliance between Portugal and England during a time of conflict with Spain. Catherine had a strong interest in introducing exotic items, most notably tea, to the English court. She was influential in promoting the beverage that became a staple in British culture. The couple had no surviving children, and she faced challenges due to her Catholic faith in a predominantly Anglican England. Catherine remained a beloved figure in the court until her death in 1705.

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Louis XIV of France

Monarch who built Versailles Palace
Born
1638 387 years ago
Died
September 1st, 1715 309 years ago — 77 years old

Ruled as King of France from 1643 to 1715, overseeing a period characterized by the consolidation of royal power and the establishment of an absolute monarchy. Initiated extensive building projects, most notably the Palace of Versailles, which became a symbol of royal grandeur. Implemented policies that expanded France's borders and increased its influence in Europe. Engaged in several wars, including the War of the Spanish Succession, which had lasting social and economic impacts on the nation. Advocated for the arts and culture, significantly influencing French literature and music during the Baroque period.

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Edmé Boursault

French author and playwright
Born
1638 387 years ago
Died
September 15th, 1701 323 years ago — 63 years old

An influential figure in 17th-century French literature, this individual contributed significantly to the theatrical landscape of the time. Primarily recognized for plays that were characterized by their wit and intricate characters. Built a reputation as a skilled playwright, delivering works that engaged audiences in the era's cultural milieu. His style and themes resonated with the tastes of his contemporaries, contributing to the evolution of French drama.

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Dom Pérignon

French monk and priest, Champagne pioneer
Born
1638 387 years ago
Died
September 14th, 1715 309 years ago — 77 years old

A Benedictine monk and priest, contributed significantly to the development of Champagne. Served as cellar master at the Abbey of Hautvillers in France. Pioneered techniques for sparkling wine production. His work laid the foundations for modern Champagne production, emphasizing fermentation processes and blending of grape varieties. The brand named after him became synonymous with high-quality Champagne.

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Ralph Montagu

English courtier and 1st Duke of Montagu
Born
1638 387 years ago
Died
March 9th, 1709 316 years ago — 71 years old

Served as the 1st Duke of Montagu and held various roles at court during the late 17th century. Involved in political affairs, Montagu played a significant role in the civil government under King James II. Actively participated in the court's social life and diplomatic relations, maintaining influence through family connections and alliances. His lineage continued to be significant in British politics.

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Shunzhi

Emperor of the Qing Dynasty
Born
1638 387 years ago
Died
February 5th, 1661 364 years ago — 23 years old

Ascended to the throne in 1643, ruling as the first Qing Emperor of China after the fall of the Ming dynasty. His reign marked significant consolidation of Qing power, including the establishment of a streamlined centralized government. Implemented various reforms aimed at improving agricultural productivity and managing the economy. His reign experienced challenges from internal strife and external threats, but he worked to stabilize and unify the empire. Shunzhi also promoted cultural integration within the diverse populations of China, though he passed away at a young age.

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