Born in 1646
Pierre Le Pesant sieur de Boisguilbert
Born in 1646, a French economist contributed significantly to economic thought during the 17th century. Published 'Esprit de la commerce' in 1695, the work explored the relationship between commerce and societal well-being. Advocated for the role of trade in economic prosperity, emphasizing the importance of free markets and monetary stability. His ideas predated and influenced later economic theories, addressing issues like public finance and taxation. Engaged in debates on the role of the state in economic matters, challenging mercantilist views prevalent in his time.
Continue ReadingTokugawa Tsunayoshi
The fifth shōgun of the Tokugawa shogunate, ruled from 1680 until death in 1709. Implemented policies promoting the welfare of animals, which influenced laws and societal norms during the Edo period. The reign saw increased urbanization and cultural developments, especially in Edo. Support for the arts flourished under his leadership, with significant contributions to literature and theater. Facilitated the growth of educational institutions that shaped future Japanese thought and culture.
Continue ReadingAntoine Galland
An influential orientalist and archaeologist, contributed extensively to the understanding of Middle Eastern culture and history. Played a significant role in translating 'One Thousand and One Nights' from Arabic to French, introducing the tales to the European audience. Conducted important archaeological studies in the Levant region, which laid the groundwork for future explorations and research in the field.
Continue ReadingChristian V of Denmark
Reigned as King of Denmark and Norway from 1670 until death in 1699. Initiated significant legal reforms, resulting in the introduction of the Danish Code of 1683, unifying the laws of Denmark. Oversaw the expansion of royal authority and the development of the Danish economy through agriculture and trade. Strengthened military forces and engaged in various conflicts, including the Skåne War against Sweden. Commissioned several construction projects, enhancing the architectural landscape of Copenhagen.
Continue ReadingJules Hardouin-Mansart
A prominent architect of the Baroque period, this individual significantly contributed to French architecture in the 17th century. This architect completed major projects including the extension of the Palace of Versailles, which included the iconic Hall of Mirrors. In addition to Versailles, the design of the Church of Les Invalides was also attributed to this architect, showcasing a mastery of integrating classical elements with grandiose designs. The architectural style developed during this period has had lasting influences on European architecture.
Continue ReadingCharles Plumier
A prominent botanist, contributed significantly to the field of botany in the 17th century. Conducted extensive explorations in the Caribbean, documenting various plant species. Published several works, including 'Nova Plantarum Americanarum Genera', which described previously unknown plants. His detailed illustrations and writings greatly advanced botanical knowledge and classification. Developed a systematic approach to the study of plants, influencing future botanical research and exploration.
Continue ReadingElena Cornaro Piscopia
Graduated from the University of Padua and became the first woman to receive a doctorate in philosophy in 1678. Specialized in mathematics, physics, and philosophy, giving lectures at various universities. Contributed to the fields of mathematics and philosophy during a time when women's education was limited. Her scholarly pursuits and achievements inspired future generations of women in academia.
Continue ReadingGottfried Wilhelm Leibniz
Contributions to calculus, independently developed calculus around the same time as Isaac Newton. Established the notation for integral and differential calculus, which is still used today. Wrote extensively on philosophy, logic, and metaphysics. Proposed the idea of monads as fundamental units of reality in his philosophical works. Engaged in a dispute with Newton regarding the invention of calculus, leading to significant historical debate over its origins.
Continue ReadingJohann Theile
Born in 1646 in Germany, contributed to the development of the German Baroque music style. Served as an organist and a director of music in various church positions. Composed a significant body of choral and instrumental works, including cantatas and oratorios. Wrote educational texts on music theory, influencing the training of future musicians. His compositions are characterized by their rich harmonies and intricate counterpoint.
Continue Reading