What Happened This Year 1653

Historical Events from This Year 1653

Religion & Philosophy

Coonan Cross Oath: Eastern Church's Declaration

January 3rd, 1653 372 years ago

The Coonan Cross Oath marked a significant moment in the history of the Eastern Church in India, as local Christian leaders formally rejected the authority of the colonial Portuguese. This took place in the town of Mattancherry, Kerala, where around 25,000 followers gathered to pledge allegiance to a local governance structure that aligned more closely with their cultural and religious identity, rather than one influenced by colonial powers. This act symbolized a collective demand for self-determination and autonomy in ecclesiastical matters.

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Politics & Government

Incorporation of New Amsterdam as New York City

February 2nd, 1653 372 years ago

The incorporation of New Amsterdam marked a significant transition for the settlement as governance shifted under the Dutch West India Company. Located at the southern tip of Manhattan Island, it became a pivotal trading post. The decision was motivated by the need to formalize the growing population and economic activity in the area. The new government structure laid the groundwork for future expansion and development as the region gained prominence in colonial affairs.

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Politics & Government

Oliver Cromwell Dissolves Rump Parliament

April 20th, 1653 371 years ago

Oliver Cromwell, leading the New Model Army, forcibly dispersed the Rump Parliament in the House of Commons, asserting control over England's governance. This decisive act stemmed from Cromwell's frustration with the Parliament's inaction and inability to address pressing issues following the English Civil War. On this day, soldiers entered the Commons chamber and removed MPs who resisted Cromwell's authority, ultimately facilitating a shift towards military rule.

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Military & Warfare

First Anglo-Dutch War: Battle of the Gabbard Begins

June 12th, 1653 371 years ago

The Battle of the Gabbard was a significant naval conflict between the English and Dutch fleets, marked by fierce engagements. Beginning on June 12 and continuing into the next day, the battle saw a large deployment of warships under the command of Admiral George Ayscue for England and Lieutenant Admiral Maarten Tromp for the Dutch Republic. The engagement took place in the North Sea, near the Gabbard sands, as both sides vied for dominance in maritime trade routes amidst the ongoing First Anglo-Dutch War.

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Politics & Government

Oliver Cromwell Becomes Lord Protector

December 16th, 1653 371 years ago

Oliver Cromwell was appointed Lord Protector, marking a significant shift in leadership for England, Scotland, and Ireland. Following the upheaval of the English Civil War, the appointment established a new government under Cromwell's puritanical and military governance. The role fused head of state and head of government, aiming to stabilize the nation after years of conflict. This unprecedented position was received with mixed reactions among various factions, reflecting the ongoing political tensions of the time.

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