Born in 1725
Johann Salomo Semler
Contributed to biblical criticism and historical methodology. Played a key role in the development of textual criticism of the Bible. Established the importance of historical context in understanding religious texts through his scholarly works. Helped lay the foundation for later developments in liberal theology and critical scholarship.
Continue ReadingGeorge Howe
Held the title of 3rd Viscount Howe and served as a general in the British Army. Played a significant role during the French and Indian War, specifically in the campaigns in North America. Was involved in key military operations aimed at securing British interests during the conflict. Participated in the Battle of Ticonderoga and other engagements that shaped military strategies of the time.
Continue ReadingAlastair Ruadh MacDonnell
A Scottish spy operated during the Jacobite uprisings, providing key intelligence to various factions. Played a significant role in espionage activities that influenced the outcomes of conflicts during the 18th century. Engaged in undercover missions, gathered vital information, and navigated complex political allegiances. Collaborated with leading figures of the time to support the Jacobite cause and inform strategy. Ultimately fell into controversy and faced challenges due to shifting loyalties and rivalries among factions.
Continue ReadingHenry Benedict Stuart
Born in Rome, served as a cardinal in the Roman Catholic Church and claimed to be the rightful king of England, Scotland, and Ireland as Henry IX. After the Jacobite uprisings, his claims to the throne solidified his role as the last Stuart pretender. Religious and political tensions characterized the environment in which he lived, influencing his actions and decisions. A life spent largely in exile followed the defeat of the Jacobite forces, with little chance of recovering the throne. He dedicated significant efforts to the Catholic Church, though never truly held political power in Britain. He passed away in 1807, marking the end of the House of Stuart.
Continue ReadingArthur Guinness
Established the Guinness brewery in 1759 at St. James's Gate, Dublin. The brewery became a major player in the beer industry, renowned for its distinctive stout. Created the iconic dark beer recipe that would gain worldwide popularity. His commitment to brewing quality led to numerous awards and recognition during his lifetime and posthumously.
Continue ReadingKarl Wilhelm Ramler
A prominent figure in 18th-century German literature, contributed significantly to the emergence of the German poetic tradition. Associated with the Sturm und Drang movement, focused on emotions and nature. Engaged in academic pursuits and held a position at the University of Berlin. His poetry often explored themes of love, nature, and philosophy, demonstrating a classical influence. Ramler's work facilitated the development of a national literary identity during a period of cultural transformation in Germany.
Continue ReadingPaul Sandby
An English painter and cartographer, this individual played a significant role in the development of British landscape painting. Active during the 18th century, this artist produced numerous topographical maps and landscapes that captured the English countryside. Contributions included being one of the founding members of the Royal Academy in 1768, where he played a critical role in promoting the arts. Most renowned for watercolor techniques, this individual’s works included detailed depictions of places such as Windsor and the surrounding areas, often combining artistic flair with geographical precision.
Continue ReadingLouis Jean Marie de Bourbon
Held the title Duke of Penthièvre, belonging to the House of Bourbon. Owned vast estates and had significant influence in French politics during the 18th century. Actively engaged in court life and maintained a close relationship with royal powers. Participated in various charitable activities supporting the less fortunate. Died in the year 1793 amidst the tumult of the French Revolution.
Continue ReadingNicolas-Joseph Cugnot
An engineer from France developed the first full-scale working prototype of a mechanical automobile. In 1769, constructed a steam-powered vehicle for transporting passengers and goods. This vehicle, named the Fardier à vapeur, was recognized as a precursor to modern automobiles. Cugnot's innovations laid foundational work for future developments in automotive engineering.
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