Historical Events from This Year 1733
James Oglethorpe Establishes the Colony of Georgia
James Oglethorpe, an Englishman, established Georgia, the 13th colony of the Thirteen Colonies, by settling at Savannah. Oglethorpe aimed to create a refuge for debtors and others in need, providing them an opportunity for a new life. The land received its royal charter and was strategically located between British South Carolina and Spanish Florida, serving as a buffer against Spanish expansion. Savannah became the first city, planned out with a grid layout, reflecting Oglethorpe’s vision and ideals of reform and philanthropy.
Continue ReadingSettlers' Rights to Enslave Natives Affirmed
In Quebec City, settlers received judicial confirmation of their rights to enslave Indigenous peoples in New France. This decision followed ongoing tension and escalated skirmishes between settlers and Native communities. The ruling underscored the legal framework supporting colonial power dynamics over Indigenous populations, providing a precedent that prioritized settler interests. The implications of this ruling contributed to the marginalization of Native societies.
Continue ReadingFirst Masonic Grand Lodge Constituted in USA
The first Grand Lodge of Freemasons in the future United States was formed in Massachusetts. This foundational event marked the establishment of a fraternal organization that would significantly influence American society and values. The Grand Lodge was founded under a charter from the Premier Grand Lodge of England, reflecting the connection between American and British Freemasonry. Members included prominent locals who sought to promote the principles of brotherhood, charity, and moral uprightness through ritual and community engagement.
Continue ReadingStart of the Slave Insurrection on St. John
On November 23, enslaved Africans on St. John in the Danish West Indies initiated a large-scale uprising against their enslavers. This revolt, driven by the oppressive conditions and desire for freedom, quickly escalated as the enslaved population coordinated efforts to resist their captivity. The insurrection showcased the resilience and unity of the enslaved individuals in their struggle for liberation, marking a significant moment in Caribbean history.
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Philip Carteret
Born in 1733, an English admiral and explorer led significant voyages in the Pacific during the 18th century. Undertook the expedition on the ship Swallow, exploring uncharted territories and contributing to the mapping of the Pacific islands. Carteret's journey provided valuable information about the region, including detailed observations of the natives and their cultures. The voyage lasted from 1766 to 1769 and included the discovery of various islands, including Carteret Islands, which were later named in his honor.
Continue ReadingVincenzo Galeotti
Born in Italy and later active in Denmark, this dancer and choreographer gained prominence in the world of ballet during the 18th century. Renowned for the introduction of innovative choreography that blended the Italian style with French influences, this individual contributed significantly to the development of ballet. In Denmark, served as a principal dancer and choreographer at the Royal Danish Theatre, where some of the most elegant and structured performances were crafted. Created numerous ballets, which were recognized for their aesthetic qualities and refinement, influencing the next generations of dancers and choreographers.
Continue ReadingChristoph Friedrich Nicolai
Born in 1733, a significant figure in German literature and bookselling. Published many works, including essays and novels. Played a crucial role in promoting literature through the establishment of his bookstore in Berlin. Contributed to the literary discourse of the Enlightenment through various publications and engagements with contemporary writers. Worked closely with prominent figures of the time, influencing the cultural landscape.
Continue ReadingJean-Charles de Borda
Contributed significantly to the fields of mathematics and physics during the 18th century. Developed methods for precision in measurements and made advancements in naval science. Participated in various naval expeditions and served on the French navy's scientific commissions. Engaged in political discussions related to navigational science and its applications, impacting maritime practices.
Continue ReadingHubert Robert
Born in 1733, this individual became a prominent French painter associated with the Rococo style. Specializing in landscapes and architectural scenes, he produced works that depicted both the natural and man-made environments. His paintings often featured ruins and picturesque landscapes, showcasing a blend of imagination and realism. This painter also worked as an architect and played a significant role in the development of landscape painting in France, influencing future generations of artists. His works were exhibited widely during his lifetime and remained in high esteem thereafter.
Continue ReadingMikhail Shcherbatov
A prominent figure in Russian philosophy during the 18th century, this individual contributed significantly to the understanding of history and society. His work emphasized the importance of moral education and social reform. His most notable publication, 'On the Corruption of Morals,' analyzed the ethical implications of contemporary society and called for renewal in Russian culture and values. Involving himself in Enlightenment thought, this individual also engaged with various intellectual circles, influencing future generations of Russian thinkers and writers.
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Sir Gilbert Heathcote
A prominent English banker and politician, held the office of Lord Mayor of London in 1711. Contributed to the development of the financial sector in London during the early 18th century. Involved in banking partnerships and played a significant role in the establishment of the London Stock Exchange. Also served as a member of Parliament for several years.
Continue ReadingAugustus II the Strong
Ruled as King of Poland and Elector of Saxony during the late 17th and early 18th centuries. Played a significant role in the political landscape of Central Europe, engaging in numerous wars, including the Great Northern War. Known for fostering the arts and architecture, commissioning the construction of notable structures such as the Zwinger Palace in Dresden and supporting the development of Baroque art. Faced challenges to his rule, including conflicts with rival factions and foreign interventions, particularly from Russia and Sweden. His reign was marked by efforts to solidify the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth's power.
Continue ReadingClaude de Forbin
Served as an admiral in the French Navy and held significant political roles. Participated in various naval campaigns, including those in the War of the Spanish Succession. Played a key role in the establishment and defense of French interests overseas, particularly in the Mediterranean region. His leadership in naval battles contributed to the French naval strategy of the time.
Continue ReadingElizabeth Hamilton
A prominent figure in the early 18th century, held the title of Countess of Orkney. Played a significant role in the royal court and was actively involved in political matters. Assisted in the administration of her husband's estates and managed various charitable efforts. Became an influential advisor within the Scottish nobility, noted for involvement in patronage during her lifetime.
Continue ReadingRodrigo Anes de Sá Almeida e Meneses
Served as a prominent diplomat in the 18th century. Occupied significant roles in Portuguese relations, particularly with Spain and England. Elevated to the title of Marquis of Abrantes, reflecting influence within the Portuguese court. His efforts focused on advocating for Portuguese interests abroad, emphasizing diplomacy during a period marked by territorial disputes.
Continue ReadingJohann Jakob Scheuchzer
Significant contributions to paleontology were made during a scholarly career. Explored fossils and geological formations, leading to advancements in understanding prehistoric life. Conducted research that laid groundwork for future studies in paleontology. Published works on the subject, including the comprehensive 'Physica Sacra', which integrated natural history with biblical accounts. Active participation in academic discussions helped shape the field during the late 17th century.
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