Born in 1742
Richard Cosway
Born in 1742, this artist gained prominence as a painter of miniatures, showcasing exceptional skill in capturing likenesses on a small scale. Training initially in London, he became a member of the Royal Academy and was recognized for his contributions to this intimate art form. Many of his works are distinguished by their detailed craftsmanship and vibrant colors, capturing the essence of the subjects portrayed. His clientele included prominent figures of the time, and he played a significant role in popularizing miniature painting in England throughout the 18th century.
Continue ReadingCarl Wilhelm Scheele
A pharmaceutical chemist born in Swedish Pomerania, significant in the study of chemistry during the 18th century. Discovered several chemical substances and was instrumental in the advancement of analytical chemistry. Scheele's work led to the identification of essential elements and compounds, including hydrogen, oxygen, and several acids. Worked extensively on the properties of various minerals and metals, contributing to the understanding of chemical reactions and their practical applications.
Continue ReadingGebhard Leberecht von Blücher
Born in 1742, military service began at an early age, engaging in various campaigns during the Napoleonic Wars. Achieved the rank of field marshal, leading Prussian forces in critical battles. Played a pivotal role in the Battle of Waterloo in 1815, collaborating with allied forces to defeat Napoleon Bonaparte. Known for strategic acumen, leadership under pressure, and commitment to military duty.
Continue ReadingJohn Stackhouse
Contributed significantly to botany in England during the late 18th and early 19th centuries. Published 'Genera Filicum' in 1803, a key text on ferns, which organized information about fern species and provided essential illustrations. Stackhouse studied various plant species, emphasizing the classification and naming of ferns based on their characteristics. Contributed specimens and observations to herbaria and engaged with contemporary botanists, shaping the knowledge of plant taxonomy at the time.
Continue ReadingYemelyan Pugachev
Led a major uprising against the Russian monarchy from 1773 to 1775. Started the rebellion claiming to be the deceased Tsar Peter III. Gained the support of peasants and Cossacks, establishing an extensive, albeit short-lived, control over parts of Russia. The rebellion was marked by several key battles and the capture of the city of Kazan. Eventually defeated by government forces, he was captured in 1775 and executed.
Continue ReadingNana Fadnavis
Served as a prominent minister and influential politician in the Maratha Empire during the late 18th century. Played a critical role in the administration and politics of the empire, especially during its decline. Navigated the complexities of Maratha politics, balancing various factions and maintaining power through strategic alliances and negotiations. His leadership significantly shaped the political landscape of the time, especially in relation to British colonial interests.
Continue ReadingJames Rennell
A prominent English geographer and historian, contributed significantly to the fields of geography and oceanography. Played a pivotal role in the mapping and understanding of various ocean currents and their effects on navigation. His work in creating detailed maps of the Indian Ocean and the region surrounding it was groundbreaking. Additionally, served as captain in the British Navy before focusing on his geospatial work. His publications included significant research on geography and cartography, which laid the groundwork for future studies in these areas.
Continue ReadingMohammad Khan Qajar
Founded the Qajar dynasty in Persia, establishing a significant political and cultural era from 1789 until his assassination in 1797. United various tribes and established control over Persian territories, solidifying power through strategic marriages and alliances. Implemented reforms to strengthen central authority and promote trade. His leadership marked the transition from the Safavid Empire to the modern state of Iran.
Continue ReadingHenry Dundas
Served as the Secretary of State for War and played a significant role in British politics during the late 18th century. Held various positions, including that of Lord Advocate of Scotland. Ascended to the peerage as 1st Viscount Melville in 1802. Engaged in the management of military and naval affairs, influencing policies that shaped Britain's military strategy during the Napoleonic Wars. Contributed to the development of Scotland's legal framework and governance.
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