What Happened This Year 1742

Born in 1742

Túpac Amaru II

Peruvian rebel leader and insurrectionist
Born
March 19th, 1742 282 years ago
Died
May 18th, 1781 243 years ago — 39 years old

A leader of indigenous resistance in Peru during the colonial era, this figure initiated a significant uprising against Spanish colonial authority in 1780. The rebellion was fueled by widespread discontent among indigenous peoples due to harsh taxation and oppression. The insurrection aimed to restore indigenous sovereignty and empower native populations. The uprising gained momentum, gathering a large following, but ultimately faced repression from Spanish forces. The leader was captured in 1781 and executed, becoming a symbol of resistance and indigenous rights in Peru.

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Jean Senebier

Swiss physiologist and pastor
Born
May 6th, 1742 282 years ago
Died
1809 216 years ago — 67 years old

A prominent figure in the field of physiology, contributed to the understanding of plant respiration and photosynthesis. Conducted experiments that showed plants absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen, establishing foundational principles in botany. Served as a pastor in Geneva and held a significant role in scientific discussions during the Enlightenment period.

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Maria Christina

Duchess of Teschen
Born
May 13th, 1742 282 years ago
Died
1798 227 years ago — 56 years old

Born into the Habsburg dynasty, this individual was a notable figure in the 18th century, serving as the Duchess of Teschen. As the daughter of Empress Maria Theresa, played a significant role in the political landscape of Europe. Married to Albert Casimir, Duke of Teschen, served as a patron of the arts and supported various cultural initiatives. The duchess was influential in promoting the arts and sciences within her ducal territory, contributing to the cultural richness of the region.

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William Hooper

American politician and signer of Declaration
Born
June 28th, 1742 282 years ago
Died
1790 235 years ago — 48 years old

Born in 1742, a prominent figure during the American Revolution, held various roles as a physician, lawyer, and politician. Represented North Carolina at the Continental Congress, playing a significant role in U.S. independence. Served as a delegate to the Second Continental Congress, Hooper signed the Declaration of Independence. After the Revolutionary War, he continued to serve in the North Carolina State Legislature.

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Georg Christoph Lichtenberg

Physicist and academic known for aphorisms
Born
July 1st, 1742 282 years ago
Died
February 24th, 1799 226 years ago — 56 years old

Contributions included advancements in physics and writing. Developed the Lichtenberg figure, a visual representation of electrical discharges, which later influenced the study of electrical phenomena. Served as a professor at the University of Göttingen, where educational reforms were encouraged. Wrote extensively on various subjects, including science and philosophy, producing a collection of witty and insightful aphorisms that reflect his thoughts on nature, humanity, and society.

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Nathanael Greene

American general during the Revolution
Born
August 7th, 1742 282 years ago
Died
June 19th, 1786 238 years ago — 43 years old

Served as a major general in the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War. Appointed quartermaster general, significantly improved supply lines for troops. Led decisive engagements such as the Battle of Guilford Courthouse, which weakened British forces in the South. Played a crucial role in the Siege of Yorktown, contributing to the ultimate victory against British troops.

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Pope Pius VII

Religious leader and prominent pope
Born
August 14th, 1742 282 years ago
Died
August 20th, 1823 201 years ago — 81 years old

Served as the pope from 1800 until death in 1823. Led the Catholic Church during the tumultuous period of the Napoleonic Wars. Restored the papacy's authority after being imprisoned by Napoleon. Extended church influence in Europe and re-established the Jesuits after their suppression in 1773.

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Ozias Humphry

English painter and academic
Born
September 8th, 1742 282 years ago
Died
March 9th, 1810 215 years ago — 67 years old

An English painter specialized in portraiture, gained recognition for his work in the 18th century. Educated at the Royal Academy, contributed to the academic community through teaching and involvement in exhibitions. Exhibited widely, showcasing portraits of notable figures of the time. Worked closely with the Society of Arts, promoting art and education. Became an influential member of the artistic community in England, impacting future generations of painters.

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Johan Herman Wessel

Norwegian-Danish poet and playwright
Born
October 6th, 1742 282 years ago
Died
December 29th, 1785 239 years ago — 43 years old

Born in 1742 in Norway, this individual made significant contributions to literature, particularly in poetry and drama. Wessel's work often explored themes of love, humor, and cultural critique. The notable play, 'Kjærlighed uden Strømper', showcased his unique style and wit, which helped shape the theatrical landscape of the time. His poetry also reflected the spirit of the era, combining traditional forms with innovative ideas. Wessel's influence extended beyond his lifetime, marking him as a notable figure in the literary history of Scandinavia.

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