People Who Died in 1764
Nathaniel Bliss
English astronomer and mathematician contributed to early astronomical measurements and calculations. Served as the Astronomer Royal from 1762 until death in 1778. Facilitated observations at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, enhancing the accuracy of astronomical data. Pioneered the methods used for calculating solar and lunar eclipses, and published papers in various scientific journals, influencing subsequent research in celestial navigation.
Continue ReadingJean-Philippe Rameau
A prominent French composer and music theorist, contributions to the Baroque music era greatly influenced the development of opera and music theory. Rameau's compositions showcased innovative orchestration and harmonic language that set the groundwork for future generations. He published significant theoretical works on music, including 'Traité de l'harmonie' which laid the foundation for modern harmonic theory. Rameau's operas, including 'Hippolyte et Aricie', established him as a leading figure in French opera, blending dramatic and musical elements into a cohesive form.
Continue ReadingRobert Dodsley
An English poet and playwright, contributed significantly to the literary culture of the 18th century. Published the poem 'The Economy of Human Life' in 1751, which gained popularity and was translated into several languages. Established a successful career as a playwright, with works such as 'The Toyshop', which was well-received. In addition to his poetry and plays, Dodsley also became a notable bookseller, influencing the distribution of literature during his time. Engaged with the literary community and collaborated with prominent writers of the era.
Continue ReadingBenito Jerónimo Feijóo y Montenegro
A prominent Spanish monk and scholar during the 18th century. Contributed significantly to literature and philosophy through various works. Advocated for reason, critical thinking, and the questioning of superstitions in society. Published 'Teatro Crítico Universal', a collection of essays addressing numerous topics, including science, literature, and culture. Spent much of his life at the Benedictine monastery of San Vicente del Pino, where he dedicated efforts to education and intellectual debate. Engaged in discourse with the Enlightenment ideas prevalent at the time, fostering a spirit of inquiry among his contemporaries.
Continue ReadingWilliam Cavendish
Born in 1720, held the title of 4th Duke of Devonshire. Served as Prime Minister of Great Britain from 1756 to 1757 during the Seven Years' War. His administration struggled with military challenges and faced a turbulent political atmosphere. The duke served as a member of the Whig party, holding various political positions prior to premiership, including Lord Chamberlain and a role in the Board of Trade. His tenure as Prime Minister was short-lived, marked by the challenges of the war and political dissatisfaction. Cavendish was influential in the politics of his time, engaging in discussions regarding military strategy and international relations.
Continue ReadingWilliam Hogarth
An English painter and illustrator, played a significant role in the development of narrative painting in the 18th century. Developed a distinctive style that combined morality with detailed storytelling, often critiquing social issues of the time. Produced numerous series of paintings, engravings, and drawings that depicted contemporary life and society, influencing both art and popular culture. Alongside painting, contributed writings on art criticism, advocating for standards in art production and education.
Continue ReadingChristian Goldbach
Born in Prussia in 1690, a mathematician and academic contributed significantly to number theory. Goldbach formulated a conjecture in 1742 proposing that every even integer greater than two can be expressed as the sum of two prime numbers. This conjecture has remained unproven for centuries and is a fundamental question in mathematics. In addition to work on number theory, engaged in correspondence with prominent mathematicians of the time, including Euler, discussing various mathematical principles and problems. Served as a professor at the University of St. Petersburg, influencing the development of mathematical thought in Russia.
Continue ReadingPicander
An influential figure in German literature during the 18th century. Contributed to the Baroque literary movement, showcasing creativity through poetry and dramatic works. Engaged in the cultural life of Leipzig and interacted with prominent musicians of the time, including Johann Sebastian Bach. Created librettos for several of Bach's cantatas, enhancing the musical pieces with poetic texts. Works often addressed themes of morality and humanity, reflecting the cultural values of the era.
Continue ReadingMarie-Catherine Homassel Hecquet
A prolific writer in the 18th century, this individual contributed significantly to the French literary scene. Notable works include the novel 'Zélie' and various plays that were well-received at the time. The writer also engaged in literary salons, influencing contemporary literary discourse. Many of the works addressed themes of love and societal norms in a rapidly changing France, showcasing creativity and engagement with the issues of the day.
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