People Who Died in 1779
Claude Bourgelat
A surgeon and lawyer in France, played a significant role in the establishment of veterinary medicine as a recognized profession. Founded the first veterinary school in Lyon in 1761, promoting the study and practice of animal health. Contributed to the understanding of animal diseases and surgery. His efforts provided a foundation for the veterinary profession in Europe and emphasized the importance of animal care.
Continue ReadingDavid Garrick
An influential actor, playwright, and producer in the 18th century, contributed extensively to the English theatre. Garrick became the manager of Drury Lane Theatre and significantly shaped the world of acting. His interpretations of Shakespeare's works attracted audiences and drew admiration from contemporaries. He frequently performed in classic plays, bringing a new vigor to theatrical performances, and his innovations in stagecraft set standards for future productions. Garrick's ability to blend tragedy and comedy brought complex emotional depth to roles, which was reflected in his performances.
Continue ReadingJeremiah Dixon
A prominent English surveyor and astronomer contributed significantly to the mapping of the American colonies. Alongside Charles Mason, conducted the Mason-Dixon survey between 1763 and 1767, establishing a boundary between Pennsylvania and Maryland. This work helped settle disputes over territory while providing a foundation for the border between the North and South in the United States. The survey derived its fame from later associations with the sectional conflict in American history. Dixon also developed astronomical tables and contributed to various surveying methods. His work in astronomy included observations of celestial events, enhancing navigation and cartography.
Continue ReadingWilliam Boyce
This individual was an English organist and composer during the 18th century. He served as organist at the Chapel Royal and became known for his contributions to church music. Boyce composed many anthems, as well as works for the theater. His most recognized work includes the set of keyboard sonatas that remain influential in the field. He also played a significant role in compiling and organizing the collection of English Church music.
Continue ReadingJames Cook
An English captain, cartographer, and explorer made three significant voyages to the Pacific Ocean. The first voyage from 1768 to 1771 mapped New Zealand and the eastern coastline of Australia, claiming the territory for Britain. The second voyage from 1772 to 1775 crossed the Antarctic Circle and explored various islands in the South Pacific. The third voyage from 1776 to 1779 aimed to find the Northwest Passage. The explorations contributed to the knowledge of the geography and biodiversity of the Pacific region and established navigational routes that would influence maritime trade.
Continue ReadingMartha Ray
Born in England, Martha Ray gained recognition as a popular singer during the 18th century. She performed in numerous venues, captivating audiences with her vocal talent. Ray became associated with notable figures of her time, including the actor David Garrick. Her career included performances at the Drury Lane Theatre, where she showcased her abilities in operatic roles. Ray's legacy includes her contributions to the English music scene, which helped shape popular entertainment during her era. She died in 1779.
Continue ReadingEleazar Wheelock
Founded Dartmouth College in 1769, expanding higher education opportunities in New England. Served as the institution's first president, promoting a curriculum that included theology, liberal arts, and Native American education. Played a significant role in establishing the college's early identity and mission. Advocated for the education of Native Americans and integrated this focus into the college's charter and programs.
Continue ReadingWilliam Warburton
A prominent English bishop and theologian, this individual served as the Bishop of Gloucester and later the Bishop of Durham. His writings significantly contributed to 18th-century English literature and theology. The publication of 'The Divine Right of Tithes' presented a defense of the established church's financial support. Additionally, this person authored 'The Alliance between Church and State', which examined the relationship between ecclesiastical and civil authority. Engagement in literary circles included friendships with leading figures of the time, and the influence on religious discourse lasted beyond the theological implications of the works.
Continue ReadingSir Francis Bernard
Served as Governor of the Province of Massachusetts Bay from 1760 to 1769. Worked as a lawyer prior to his appointment and played a significant role in the province's governance during a time of growing tensions leading up to the American Revolution. Responded to colonial unrest and contributed to administration efforts, although faced criticism from colonists. Also held the title of 1st Baronet.
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