People Who Died in 1782
William Emerson
This mathematician and academic contributed significantly to the field of mathematics during the 18th century. Primarily focused on geometry and calculus, he published various works that were influential in advancing mathematical education. His textbooks were extensively used in schools and universities, helping to establish a foundation for mathematical learning. Additionally, he participated in the establishment of mathematical societies in England, promoting collaborative research and education in the discipline.
Continue ReadingCharles Watson-Wentworth
Served as Prime Minister of Great Britain during two non-consecutive terms in the 18th century. His first term lasted from 1765 to 1766 and was marked by efforts to repeal the Stamp Act, which aimed to tax American colonies. The second term occurred from 1782 until his death in 1782, focusing on peace negotiations following the American Revolutionary War. Active in the Whig party, implemented policies that shaped British governance during a turbulent time.
Continue ReadingJohn Laurens
A soldier in the American Revolutionary War, held the rank of lieutenant colonel in the Continental Army. Served under General George Washington, gaining recognition for military strategies and courage in battle. Advocated for the recruitment of enslaved people into the army, proposing a plan to enlist African Americans in exchange for their freedom. Laurens was involved in diplomatic efforts, securing French support for the American cause. His life ended prematurely in combat at the age of 27.
Continue ReadingCharles Lee
A general in the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War, contributed significantly to military strategies and tactics. Born in England and later immigrating to America, he held various ranks in the military. Participated in key battles such as the Battle of Monmouth and was involved in several campaigns. His controversial role and decisions regarding military engagements sparked debates among contemporaries. Lee's career included a prior service in the British Army before joining the American cause.
Continue ReadingJacques de Vaucanson
Developed innovative mechanical devices that mimicked human and animal actions. Created the first known automated flute player, a remarkable feat of engineering that amazed audiences. Designed a mechanical duck that could flap its wings, drink water, and digest food, serving as an early example of artificial life. Contributed to the fields of automation and robotics, influencing future generations of engineers and inventors.
Continue ReadingHenry Home
Served as a judge in the Court of Session in Scotland. Contributed significantly to the field of philosophy, particularly in legal and moral philosophy. Engaged with the ideas of Scottish Enlightenment thinkers. Wrote extensively, producing several influential works, including 'Elements of Criticism' which discussed literary criticism and aesthetics.
Continue ReadingRichard Wilson
A prominent Welsh painter and academic who emerged in the 18th century, contributed significantly to the genre of landscape painting. His work often featured the natural beauty of Wales and the English countryside, reflecting an appreciation for the sublime aspects of nature. Wilson was one of the first landscape painters to emphasize the effects of light and atmosphere, often incorporating classical motifs. His paintings became influential in the transition from the Baroque style to the Romantic landscape tradition. Wilson served as a pivotal figure in the establishment of a British school of landscape painting, and his works gained attention not just locally but also in broader European contexts.
Continue ReadingJosef Seger
Born in 1716, a Bohemian organist and composer contributed significantly to the Baroque music tradition. Seger served as an educator and was influential in music theory and practice during his time. His work included numerous compositions for organ and choral music, earning recognition within the music community. Many of his compositions showcased the stylistic elements of the late Baroque period. Seger played a crucial role in teaching and developing young musicians.
Continue ReadingPietro Metastasio
Born in 1698, a prominent figure in the world of opera, especially during the 18th century. Worked primarily as a librettist, crafting texts for numerous operas that contributed to the development of the genre. Held the position of court poet in Vienna for much of his career, influencing the musical landscape of the period. His works, characterized by lyrical beauty and dramatic depth, became essential reading for composers of his time and later.
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