Born in 1836
George Engel
A German-American businessman and labor activist played a significant role in advocating for workers' rights during the late 19th century. Involved in the labor movement, organized protests for fair labor practices, and worked towards improving working conditions. Engel was one of the key figures implicated in the Haymarket affair, a pivotal event in labor history that underscored the struggles of workers in industrial America. Engel's activism and subsequent trials highlighted the tensions between labor and government during this period. His life and contributions to the labor movement left a lasting legacy in the fight for workers' rights.
Continue ReadingWilhelm Steinitz
An Austrian chess player and theoretician, contributed significantly to chess theory and strategy. Dominated the chess scene in the 19th century, winning the first official World Chess Championship in 1886 against Johannes Zukertort. Established foundational principles of positional play, emphasizing the importance of pawn structure and piece activity. Authored several books on chess strategy, furthering the understanding of the game.
Continue ReadingMyrddin Fardd
Contributed significantly to the preservation of Welsh literature and folklore. Authored numerous works on Welsh history and language, including studies of medieval poetry. Engaged in the collection of traditional Welsh songs and stories, preserving them for future generations. Actively participated in literary societies, promoting the Welsh language and culture during the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
Continue ReadingPyotr Boborykin
A playwright and journalist contributed significantly to Russian literature in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Developed a unique style that blended elements of realism with satirical commentary on society and politics. Authored several plays that gained popularity for their engaging narratives and character development. Also worked as a journalist, advocating for literary and social reforms through various publications.
Continue ReadingThey Even Fear His Horses
A prominent tribal chief, played a crucial role in leadership during a period of significant change for Native Americans. Led efforts to maintain tribal sovereignty and rights against encroachment on ancestral lands. Engaged in negotiations and resistance against government policies that threatened the tribe's way of life. Worked to harness traditional cultural practices while adapting to new circumstances faced by the tribe.
Continue ReadingFrederick August Otto Schwarz
Born in Germany, achieved prominence as a businessman in the United States after emigrating. Established FAO Schwarz, a toy retailer recognized for its innovative and high-quality products. The company became a significant part of American retail culture, known for its elaborate displays and engaging shopping experiences. The flagship store in New York City attracted families and children, solidifying the brand's reputation in the toy industry.
Continue ReadingKalākaua
Became the last reigning monarch of Hawaii from 1874 until his death in 1891. Established a new constitution that restored the monarchy's authority, known as the Bayonet Constitution. Promoted Hawaiian culture, music, and hula. Sponsored the construction of ʻIolani Palace, the only royal palace in the United States. Strengthened trade relations with the United States and Europe.
Continue ReadingAugustus D. Juilliard
A businessman and philanthropist, focused on supporting the arts. Established the Juilliard School in New York City, which has become one of the most prestigious performing arts institutions in the world. Contributed to various cultural and educational initiatives. Utilized wealth for charitable purposes, significantly enhancing the landscape of arts education.
Continue ReadingElihu Vedder
An American symbolist painter, book illustrator, and poet, celebrated for unique contributions to visual art and literature. Vedder gained recognition for his allegorical paintings, particularly 'The Wave' and contributions to the 1876 edition of 'The Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam'. His work often reflected themes of mysticism and symbolism, aligning with the broader artistic movements of the time. Vedder’s illustrations for various publications further showcased his artistic versatility. His association with aestheticism and the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood influenced many artists of the era. Vedder's art continues to be studied for its depth and complexity, with a lasting legacy in American art.
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