What Happened This Year 1850

Born in 1850

Hermann Ebbinghaus

German psychologist and memory researcher
Born
January 24th, 1850 175 years ago
Died
1909 116 years ago — 59 years old

Contributed significantly to psychology, particularly in the study of memory and learning. Developed the forgetting curve and the spacing effect, which describe how information is retained and lost over time. Conducted pioneering research using non-words to understand memory processes. Ebbinghaus's work laid the groundwork for future research in cognitive psychology.

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John Collier

Painter and author of notable works
Born
January 27th, 1850 175 years ago
Died
1934 91 years ago — 84 years old

An English painter and author, significant contributions include literary depictions and visual arts. Specialization in portrait painting characterized work, reflecting a deep engagement with themes of mythology and realism. Achievements in literature included writings on art and culture, enhancing understanding of the artistic process. Active during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, produced various notable works exhibited in prestigious collections across the United Kingdom.

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Samuel Gompers

Labor leader and founder of the AFL
Born
January 27th, 1850 175 years ago
Died
December 13th, 1924 100 years ago — 74 years old

Born in England, a labor leader emigrated to the United States where he played a significant role in the labor movement. Established the American Federation of Labor (AFL), advocating for workers' rights and better working conditions. Served as the AFL's first president, a position held for almost four decades. Focused on trade unionism and collective bargaining, promoting efforts for labor legislation.

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Edward Smith

English sea captain of RMS Titanic
Born
January 27th, 1850 175 years ago
Died
January 12th, 1940 85 years ago — 89 years old

A sea captain, served as the captain of RMS Titanic during its ill-fated maiden voyage. After years of experience with the White Star Line, commanded several luxury liners. Titanic sank on April 15, 1912, after hitting an iceberg, resulting in significant loss of life. Smith had a reputation for being an experienced mariner before the disaster occurred. His last voyage became a pivotal moment in maritime history, highlighting the need for improved safety regulations in naval transportation.

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Kate Chopin

American author of The Awakening
Born
February 8th, 1850 175 years ago
Died
August 22nd, 1904 120 years ago — 54 years old

Significant contributions to literature occurred through the exploration of women's issues and identity in the late 19th century. Noteworthy works include 'The Awakening', which examined the constraints of motherhood and marriage. Other stories, such as 'The Story of an Hour' and 'Desiree's Baby', delved into themes of freedom and racial identity, reflecting the complexities of Southern life.

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Sophie Bryant

Irish mathematician and activist
Born
February 15th, 1850 175 years ago
Died
1922 103 years ago — 72 years old

Contributions to mathematics included work on set theory and mathematical logic. Served as a lecturer in mathematics at University College London, becoming one of the first women in this role. Engaged in the suffragist movement, advocating for women's rights and education. Published several papers, enhancing the field of mathematics and promoting the involvement of women in academia.

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George Henschel

Singer-songwriter and conductor
Born
February 18th, 1850 175 years ago
Died
September 10th, 1934 90 years ago — 84 years old

Born in Germany and later moved to England, this singer-songwriter, pianist, and conductor played a significant role in the music scene during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The individual contributed to the arts as a conductor for notable orchestras and worked with prominent composers. As the first music director of the Boston Symphony Orchestra, the individual shaped the orchestra's early performances and reputation. In addition to conducting, compositions included works for voice and piano, showcasing musical talents and versatility.

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César Ritz

Founder of luxury Ritz hotels
Born
February 23rd, 1850 175 years ago
Died
1918 107 years ago — 68 years old

A Swiss businessman, established the Ritz Hotel in London and Hôtel Ritz Paris, revolutionizing luxury hospitality. Emphasized high standards of service and comfort. His hotels became synonymous with elegance and sophistication, attracting affluent clientele from around the world.

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Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk

Austrian-Czech sociologist and politician
Born
March 7th, 1850 175 years ago
Died
September 14th, 1937 87 years ago — 87 years old

Austrian-Czech sociologist and politician served as the first President of Czechoslovakia from 1918 to 1935. Masaryk played a significant role in the establishment of the Czechoslovak state after World War I, advocating for democracy and nationalism. His work in sociology and philosophy influenced his political career, emphasizing ethics and social justice. He contributed to the founding of Czechoslovakia by uniting various nationalist movements and negotiating with world leaders. His presidency focused on nation-building and fostering a democratic society.

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