Born in 1854
Charles Tatham
Competed in fencing events during the late 19th century. Achieved notable success at the 1900 Summer Olympics in Paris, where this athlete won a silver medal in the men's foil event. Involved in the development of fencing as a sport in the United States, contributing to its popularity and organization during this era. Additionally participated in various national fencing competitions, establishing a legacy within the sport that influenced future generations.
Continue ReadingDavid Dunbar Buick
A Scottish-American businessman founded Buick Motor Company in 1899. Focused on developing internal combustion engines, he introduced the first successful overhead valve engine. Buick's innovative designs and engineering helped establish the brand as a leader in the automobile industry. After selling his interest in the company, automotive ventures continued with varying degrees of success. The brand became known for luxury vehicles and was one of the first of its kind in the United States. The significance of Buick's contributions to the automotive world is evident in the continued popularity of the brand.
Continue ReadingPatrick Geddes
A biologist, sociologist, and geographer, significant contributions included the establishment of urban planning concepts that combined social and physical environments. Developed the idea of 'conurbations' and advocated for the importance of city planning. Geddes emphasized the interrelationship between people and their environments, influencing future sociological studies.
Continue ReadingOscar Wilde
Born in Ireland in 1854, this playwright, novelist, and poet gained recognition for his witty and satirical writing. He is celebrated for the novel 'The Picture of Dorian Gray' and the comedy 'The Importance of Being Earnest'. Wilde's works often explored themes of aestheticism, morality, and societal norms. A notable figure in the late 19th century literary scene, he effused charm and intellect in his public persona, ultimately facing significant personal and legal challenges due to his sexuality. His legacy is evident in literature and theater, with many of his works remaining staples in the world of drama and literary studies.
Continue ReadingKarl Kautsky
Born in 1854, contributed significantly to socialist movements in Europe. Engaged with German Social Democracy and articulated Marxist theories. Wrote extensively on socialism, politics, and economics. His work emphasized the critique of capitalism and the conditions necessary for a socialist revolution. He was associated with the Second International and played a vital role in the political discourse of the early 20th century. Kautsky's ideas and writings influenced generations of socialist thinkers and activists, and he opposed the revisionist approaches of contemporaries like Eduard Bernstein.
Continue ReadingBilly Murdoch
An influential cricketer, made significant contributions to Australian cricket during the late 19th century. Played primarily as a wicketkeeper and batsman, participated in the first Test match played by Australia in 1877. Served as captain of the national team and led Australia in several Test series. Involved in the establishment of the Victorian Cricket Association and was instrumental in the development of cricket in Australia. Worked as a journalist after retirement, covering cricket and other sports.
Continue ReadingArthur Rimbaud
Born in France, this poet was a significant figure in the Symbolist movement. Rimbaud began writing poetry at a young age and produced most of his influential work before the age of 20. He is recognized for his brilliant use of vivid imagery and innovative styles. Rimbaud's works include the celebrated poems 'A Season in Hell' and 'Illuminations'. His writings explored themes of personal experience, spirituality, and the nature of existence. After abandoning poetry, he pursued a brief career in commerce and a life of travel in Africa. Rimbaud's influence has endured, inspiring generations of poets and artists.
Continue ReadingHendrik Willem Bakhuis Roozeboom
An influential chemist and academic, contributions to physical chemistry included significant work on the phase rule. This concept describes the relationship between the number of phases and the degrees of freedom in a system. Conducted research that laid the foundation for modern thermodynamic theories. Published various papers that advanced understanding of phase equilibria, enabling future progress in the field. Held a prominent academic role in Dutch universities, shaping chemistry education and research during that era.
Continue ReadingC. W. Post
Established Post Foods and created several breakfast cereals. The introduction of Grape-Nuts marked a significant innovation in the food industry. Promoted the idea of nutrition and health through cereal products. Developed a successful marketing strategy that contributed to the nationwide popularity of breakfast cereals in the early 20th century.
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