Historical Events from This Year 1859 (View all 35)
Formation of the United Principalities
The United Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia were formed as a personal union under the rule of Domnitor Alexandru Ioan Cuza. This event marked a significant step towards the creation of modern Romania, as it unified two previously separate regions. The unification aimed to strengthen the autonomy of these principalities in the face of external pressures and internal divisions, paving the way for future political and social reforms.
Continue ReadingDiscovery of the Codex Sinaiticus in Egypt
A collection of ancient biblical texts, known as the Codex Sinaiticus, was discovered by the biblical scholar Konstantin von Tischendorf at St. Catherine's Monastery in Egypt. Tischendorf identified the manuscript as an important artifact of early Christianity, containing the oldest complete copy of the New Testament. His efforts were aimed at preserving and understanding early biblical texts, and this discovery would later significantly contribute to biblical scholarship and textual criticism.
Continue ReadingCuza Elected Prince of Wallachia and Moldavia
Alexandru Ioan Cuza was elected Prince of Wallachia after his previous role as Prince of Moldavia. This unification marked a significant milestone in the creation of the United Principalities. It established a personal union between the two principalities, which were previously under separate leadership and located in what is now Romania. The election took place amid growing nationalist sentiments and desires for autonomy from the Ottoman Empire, which had traditionally exercised control over these regions.
Continue ReadingOregon becomes the 33rd state of the USA
Oregon's admission as the 33rd U.S. state marked a significant expansion of the United States into the Pacific Northwest. The process of statehood began in the 1840s, fueled by migration due to the Oregon Trail. By 1859, the population had noticeably increased, allowing for a push towards statehood. The U.S. Congress approved Oregon's statehood, and President James Buchanan signed the bill. The capital, Salem, served as the hub for the new state's government and political activities. This transition was crucial for Oregon as it established legal and political frameworks for future growth and development.
Continue ReadingFrench Navy Captures Citadel of Saigon
The French Navy successfully captured the Citadel of Saigon, a strategic fortress manned by approximately 1,000 soldiers of the Nguyễn dynasty. This event marked a critical point in the French conquest of southern Vietnam, demonstrating their increasing military power in the region. The fall of the citadel was significant in paving the way for further French advances into the heart of Vietnam.
Continue ReadingDaniel Sickles Kills Philip Barton Key II
Daniel Sickles, a U.S. Representative, shot and killed Attorney General Philip Barton Key II after discovering an affair between Key and his wife, Teresa. The murder occurred in Washington, D.C., and garnered significant media attention due to the prominent positions of those involved. Sickles claimed temporary insanity as a defense, a notion that would influence the legal landscape in future cases involving similar claims.
Continue ReadingBorn in 1859 (View all 98)
Theodor Escherich
A German-Austrian pediatrician and academic contributed significantly to microbiology. His work focused on intestinal bacteria, leading to the discovery of a specific bacterium named Escherichia coli, which plays a crucial role in understanding human gut flora. Emphasis was placed on children's diseases and nutritional disorders. Escherich published various scientific papers that laid the groundwork for future research in bacteriology and pediatrics, including studies on infantile diarrhea and dysentery.
Continue ReadingMichael Joseph Owens
An American inventor revolutionized glass manufacturing with the development of automated machinery. Pioneered the production of glass bottles through innovative techniques, significantly increasing efficiency and reducing costs in glass production. Established the Owens Bottle Machine Company, which became a leader in the industry. Received numerous patents for advancements in glassmaking, which contributed to the mass production of glass containers and shaped the future of packaging.
Continue ReadingThibaw Min
Ruled as the last king of Burma from 1878 until the British annexation in 1885. The reign was marked by political turmoil and military conflict with the British Empire. Captured during the Third Anglo-Burmese War, abdicated the throne, and spent the rest of life in exile in India. The loss of sovereignty symbolized the end of the traditional Burmese monarchy.
Continue ReadingSamuel Alexander
A prominent philosopher and academic, contributions included work on metaphysics and philosophy of religion. Writings addressed the nature of reality and the concepts of space and time. 'Space, Time, and Deity' articulated an argument for an integrated view of these concepts. Served as the first professor of philosophy at the University of Manchester and influenced the development of philosophical thought in the early 20th century.
Continue ReadingFanny Bullock Workman
Accomplished mountaineer, geographer, and cartographer. Undertook numerous explorations in the Himalayas, researching uncharted regions and making significant contributions to the mapping of the area. Authored several books detailing experiences and findings, enhancing the understanding of geographical features. Actively promoted women's participation in mountaineering, challenging societal norms of the time.
Continue ReadingCarrie Chapman Catt
An American activist played a pivotal role in the women's suffrage movement. Founded the League of Women Voters in 1920, which aimed to support voters and educate them on political issues. Also established the International Alliance of Women, gathering women’s organizations from around the world to advocate for equal rights. Contributed to the drafting of the 19th Amendment, granting women the right to vote in the United States. Advocated for peace during World War I and emphasized the importance of women's involvement in politics and civic life.
Continue ReadingPeople Who Died in 1859 (View all 36)
Bettina von Arnim
An author, illustrator, and composer active in the 19th century. Authored the notable work ‘Goethe's Correspondence with a Child’, which highlights correspondence with Johann Wolfgang von Goethe. Contributed to the field of music through compositions and published works that showcased her talent as both a writer and a musician. Worked closely with prominent literary figures of the time and advocated for various intellectual causes, particularly in the realm of women's rights.
Continue ReadingF. J. Robinson
Served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom in 1827, holding office for a brief period. Prior to this role, held various political positions including President of the Board of Trade and Chancellor of the Exchequer. Contributed to the formation of the Whig party and engaged in significant legislative efforts during a transformative period in British politics. Resigned from the premiership after only four months due to political challenges and factional disputes within Parliament.
Continue ReadingEliza Acton
A significant figure in English culinary literature, contributed as a food writer and poet. Authored the cookbook 'Modern Cookery for Private Families' which was one of the first to include precise measurements and timings for recipes, setting a new standard in cookbooks. The work garnered attention for its innovative approach and comprehensive nature, influencing future generations of writers and home cooks. Acton also wrote poetry, with her verses reflecting her experiences and insights.
Continue ReadingZygmunt Krasiński
A prominent figure in Polish literature during the Romantic period, this individual contributed significantly through poetry and drama. As a member of the Polish aristocracy, this person expressed national themes and explored existential questions in works. 'Nieboska Komedia', a notable play, highlighted the struggle between good and evil while examining human destiny. Additionally, the individual wrote various poems that further advanced Polish literary expression. The influence of this literary figure extended beyond poetry, impacting the development of theatre in Poland.
Continue ReadingAlexis de Tocqueville
Born in 1805, contributed to political philosophy and history. Authored 'Democracy in America,' analyzing American society and its political system. His work highlighted the strengths and weaknesses of democracy and engaged with the concepts of liberty and equality. Conducted extensive research during a visit to the United States, focusing on the evolution of American democratic institutions. Addressed the implications of social conditions on political stability.
Continue ReadingTatya Tope
A prominent general during the Indian Rebellion of 1857, played a significant role in the struggle against British colonial rule. Commanded forces for the rebellion and demonstrated military leadership through various key battles. Collaborated with other leaders of the revolt, organizing troops and strategizing confrontations against British forces. After initial successes, faced challenges but remained active in the resistance until capture and execution in 1859.
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