Born in 1859
Theodor Escherich
A German-Austrian pediatrician and academic contributed significantly to microbiology. His work focused on intestinal bacteria, leading to the discovery of a specific bacterium named Escherichia coli, which plays a crucial role in understanding human gut flora. Emphasis was placed on children's diseases and nutritional disorders. Escherich published various scientific papers that laid the groundwork for future research in bacteriology and pediatrics, including studies on infantile diarrhea and dysentery.
Continue ReadingMichael Joseph Owens
An American inventor revolutionized glass manufacturing with the development of automated machinery. Pioneered the production of glass bottles through innovative techniques, significantly increasing efficiency and reducing costs in glass production. Established the Owens Bottle Machine Company, which became a leader in the industry. Received numerous patents for advancements in glassmaking, which contributed to the mass production of glass containers and shaped the future of packaging.
Continue ReadingThibaw Min
Ruled as the last king of Burma from 1878 until the British annexation in 1885. The reign was marked by political turmoil and military conflict with the British Empire. Captured during the Third Anglo-Burmese War, abdicated the throne, and spent the rest of life in exile in India. The loss of sovereignty symbolized the end of the traditional Burmese monarchy.
Continue ReadingSamuel Alexander
A prominent philosopher and academic, contributions included work on metaphysics and philosophy of religion. Writings addressed the nature of reality and the concepts of space and time. 'Space, Time, and Deity' articulated an argument for an integrated view of these concepts. Served as the first professor of philosophy at the University of Manchester and influenced the development of philosophical thought in the early 20th century.
Continue ReadingFanny Bullock Workman
Accomplished mountaineer, geographer, and cartographer. Undertook numerous explorations in the Himalayas, researching uncharted regions and making significant contributions to the mapping of the area. Authored several books detailing experiences and findings, enhancing the understanding of geographical features. Actively promoted women's participation in mountaineering, challenging societal norms of the time.
Continue ReadingCarrie Chapman Catt
An American activist played a pivotal role in the women's suffrage movement. Founded the League of Women Voters in 1920, which aimed to support voters and educate them on political issues. Also established the International Alliance of Women, gathering women’s organizations from around the world to advocate for equal rights. Contributed to the drafting of the 19th Amendment, granting women the right to vote in the United States. Advocated for peace during World War I and emphasized the importance of women's involvement in politics and civic life.
Continue ReadingFrancesc Ferrer i Guàrdia
Born in Catalonia, a prominent philosopher and educator advocated for modern progressive education. Established the Escuela Moderna in 1901, promoting secular and rationalist teaching methods. Challenged traditional educational norms and contributed to the educational reform movement in Spain. Engaged in social issues and promoted anarchist principles, emphasizing individual freedom and critical thinking. Was executed in 1909 during the Tragic Week in Barcelona, a conflict stemming from anti-militarist protests, ultimately solidifying a legacy that influenced educational philosophies.
Continue ReadingGeorge Curzon
Served as the 35th Governor-General of India from 1899 to 1905. Oversaw numerous administrative reforms during tenure, including changes to education and infrastructure. Played a key role in the Durbar of 1903, which celebrated the coronation of Edward VII. Advocated for British interests in India and addressed issues such as famine relief and railway expansion.
Continue ReadingKostis Palamas
Born in 1859, this individual contributed significantly to Greek literature through poetry and drama. His work often explored themes of national identity and cultural issues. He served as a director of the Greek National Theatre and was involved in the promotion of modern Greek literature. His most celebrated poem, 'The Kiss' (Το Φιλί), is noteworthy for its depth and emotional resonance. The poet also played a crucial role in the establishment of the modern Greek literary tradition, influencing generations of writers and thinkers.
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