What Happened This Year 1865
Born in 1865
Duan Qirui
Born in 1865, this individual played a significant role in the political landscape of early 20th-century China. After the fall of the Qing Dynasty, the person became a prominent warlord and politician during the Republic of China era. Serving as the Premier multiple times, the individual was instrumental in both military and political affairs. Commanding various military campaigns, economic reforms occurred under leadership, alongside efforts to modernize the government. The political career spanned through tumultuous times, including conflicts with other warlords and political factions, shaping regional power dynamics in China.
Continue ReadingFrederic Goudy
A prominent American type designer contributed significantly to typography in the early 20th century. Developed over 100 typefaces, with Goudy Old Style being one of the most recognized. Founded the Village Type Foundry, which allowed for the production of unique type designs. Engaged in teaching type design at various institutions and worked on type repair and printing.
Continue ReadingPatsy Donovan
Born in 1865, a prominent Irish-American baseball player and manager contributed significantly to Major League Baseball. His playing career spanned from 1885 to 1899, during which he played predominantly as an outfielder. Donovan spent time with several teams, including the Louisville Colonels and the Pittsburgh Pirates. He later took on managerial roles, including managing the Boston Braves. His strategies and understanding of the game left a mark in baseball history.
Continue ReadingWilliam Morton Wheeler
An American entomologist and myrmecologist, focused research on the biology and behavior of ants. Contributed significantly to the understanding of the social structure and ecology of ant species. Served as a professor at Harvard University, educating future generations in entomology and promoting research in the field. Authored several influential publications, enhancing knowledge of insect life.
Continue ReadingGeorge Owen Squier
Born in 1865, a notable general served in the United States Army and contributed significantly to military communications. Pioneered the development of radio telephony, enhancing communication during warfare. His work laid the groundwork for future innovations in military technology. His service extended through two World Wars, deeply influencing the evolution of military communications strategies.
Continue ReadingAnandi Gopal Joshi
Graduated with an MD degree from the Women's Medical College of Pennsylvania in 1886, becoming one of the first Indian female physicians. Contributed to medical education initiatives for women in India. Advocated for women's rights, emphasizing the importance of female education and health care. Returned to India after studies to provide care and support for women’s health issues.
Continue ReadingRichard Adolf Zsigmondy
Born in 1865, this chemist made significant contributions to the field of chemistry, particularly in the study of colloids and the development of the ultramicroscope. The ultramicroscope allowed scientists to observe particles that are too small to be seen with a standard microscope. This advancement provided a deeper understanding of the behavior of colloidal systems. In 1925, he received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his research pertaining to the methods of obtaining and measuring extremely small quantities of matter.
Continue ReadingErich Ludendorff
Became a prominent German general during World War I, serving as the chief of staff of the German Army. Implemented significant military strategies that influenced the course of the war. After the war, served in various political roles and was involved in post-war German politics, including participation in nationalist movements and opposition to the Weimar Republic. Authored several works that outlined his military strategies and theories.
Continue ReadingCharles Proteus Steinmetz
A Polish-American mathematician and engineer, significant contributions were made to the development of alternating current electrical systems. The invention of the Steinmetz equivalent circuit improved the understanding and design of electrical networks. Academic tenure included a position at Union College, where teaching and research flourished. Work focused on electrical phenomena, including hysteresis in magnetic materials. Steinmetz also was involved in early work on electrical engineering standards and codes, influencing the future of the industry.
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