What Happened This Year 1885

Historical Events from This Year 1885 (View all 45)

Transportation & Infrastructure

Nations Adopt Standard Time and Time Zones

January 1st, 1885 140 years ago

In a pivotal moment for global synchronization, twenty-five nations convened and adopted Sandford Fleming's proposal for standard time and time zones. This agreement aimed to resolve the chaos caused by differing local times, which were largely dictated by the sun's position. By establishing a system that divided the world into twenty-four time zones, starting from a prime meridian, the nations recognized the need for a unified schedule to facilitate trade, communication, and travel across borders. The meeting underscored the growing interconnectedness of the world during this era.

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Military & Warfare

Beginning of the Battle of Núi Bop

January 3rd, 1885 140 years ago

The Battle of Núi Bop was initiated when French forces attacked Vietnamese positions near Núi Bop. This engaged a significant component of the Imperial army of Vietnam as part of the broader Sino-French War. The conflict arose from tensions over control and influence in Vietnam, with both French and Chinese forces seeking to expand their territorial reach. This battle marked a key moment in the escalation of military hostilities between these nations.

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Military & Warfare

French Victory at Núi Bop in Vietnam

January 4th, 1885 140 years ago

French troops led by General Oscar de Négrier achieved a strategic victory against a larger Qing force at Núi Bop in northern Vietnam, demonstrating effective military tactics and coordination. This engagement was part of the broader Sino-French War, where France sought to establish dominance in Southeast Asia. The battle not only showcased the prowess of the French military but also highlighted the challenges faced by the Qing dynasty in maintaining its influence in the region.

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Military & Warfare

British Victory at Abu Klea Against Dervishes

January 17th, 1885 140 years ago

A British force led by Major-General Charles Gordon battled a large Dervish army at Abu Klea in Sudan, securing a significant victory amidst challenging terrain and fierce resistance. The British troops employed advanced tactics and superior firepower, which proved decisive against the Dervish forces. This clash was part of the larger Sudan Campaign aimed at restoring British control over Sudan in the wake of the Mahdist uprising.

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Military & Warfare

Mahdist Troops Overthrow Gordon in Khartoum

January 26th, 1885 140 years ago

Loyal troops of the Mahdi, led by their forces, seized control of Khartoum and killed Charles George Gordon, the Governor-General of Sudan. This marked a significant victory for the Mahdist forces in their struggle against British and Egyptian rule in the region. The siege of Khartoum lasted for nearly a year, culminating in the fall of the city and the enduring legacy of the Mahdist revolt, which arose in response to foreign domination and internal corruption in Sudan.

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Politics & Government

Congo Becomes Personal Possession of King Leopold II

February 5th, 1885 140 years ago

King Leopold II of Belgium officially established control over the Congo Free State, claiming it as his personal territory. This moment marked the culmination of Leopold's ambitions to exploit the natural resources of the vast African region. He utilized various political maneuvers and agreements with local leaders to facilitate his acquisition. This act symbolized the onset of extensive European colonialism in Africa, creating significant socioeconomic changes.

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Born in 1885 (View all 211)

Louis B. Mayer

Film producer and studio head
Born
July 12th, 1884 140 years ago
Died
October 29th, 1957 67 years ago — 73 years old

A prominent American film producer and production manager, played a key role in the establishment of MGM Studios. Instrumental in the production of numerous classic films, he transformed the landscape of Hollywood. Mayer's leadership defined a vision for the studio system in the early 20th century, overseeing the careers of many legendary stars and filmmakers. Mayer's approach combined artistic ambition with a keen business acumen, leading to significant success during the golden age of cinema.

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Gordon Flowerdew

Canadian Lieutenant, Victoria Cross recipient
Born
January 2nd, 1885 140 years ago
Died
1918 107 years ago — 33 years old

Served as a lieutenant in the Canadian Expeditionary Force during World War I. Demonstrated extraordinary bravery at the Battle of Moreuil Wood in March 1918. Led a cavalry charge against enemy machine gun positions, resulting in significant enemy casualties and the capture of strategic ground. Awarded the Victoria Cross for gallantry in the face of the enemy, recognizing acts of extraordinary valor.

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Harry Elkins Widener

American businessman and philanthropist
Born
January 3rd, 1885 140 years ago
Died
1912 113 years ago — 27 years old

Born in 1885, an American businessman, widely recognized for his significant contributions to the business world and philanthropy. Widener established success in the family firm, which specialized in the book trade and publishing. He had a notable commitment to education, exemplified by his association with Harvard University, where he made substantial financial contributions. His legacy is preserved in the libraries and institutions that benefitted from his funding.

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Humbert Wolfe

Italian-English poet and civil servant
Born
January 5th, 1885 140 years ago
Died
1940 85 years ago — 55 years old

Born in 1885, a civil servant and poet with Italian roots. Worked in the British government and wrote poetry that often reflected his observations on society and life. His literary career included several published collections, with themes ranging from the mundane to the profound. Contributed to the literary scene in the early 20th century, earning recognition for his unique voice and style.

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A. J. Muste

Pastor and peace activist
Born
January 8th, 1885 140 years ago
Died
February 11th, 1967 58 years ago — 82 years old

Born in the Netherlands, later became a prominent figure in the American peace movement. Played a significant role in the anti-war efforts during World War I and World War II. Advocated for civil rights and was involved in labor movements, focusing on social justice and pacifism. Established organizations that supported nonviolent resistance and worked towards disarmament. Contributed to the founding of the Fellowship of Reconciliation and participated in campaigns against the Vietnam War.

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John Curtin

Australian Prime Minister during WWII
Born
January 8th, 1885 140 years ago
Died
July 5th, 1945 79 years ago — 60 years old

Served as the 14th Prime Minister of Australia from 1941 to 1945. Played a crucial role in leading Australia through World War II, addressing national security and mobilization issues. Advocated for closer relations with the United States, particularly during the Pacific War. Promoted social welfare policies and post-war reconstruction efforts, contributing to the foundation of the modern welfare state in Australia.

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People Who Died in 1885 (View all 53)

James Hamilton

British statesman and 1st Duke of Abercorn
Born
January 21st, 1811 214 years ago
Died
January 22nd, 1575 450 years ago — -236 years old

Born in 1811, this individual served as a prominent British statesman, engaged in various levels of government. Appointed as the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland in the 19th century, played a significant role in the administration of Irish affairs. Held several governmental positions throughout his career, including serving as Secretary of State for the Colonies. His work contributed to the governance and political landscape of the time, particularly in relation to Ireland.

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Peter Christen Asbjørnsen

Norwegian author and fairy tale collector
Born
January 15th, 1812 213 years ago
Died
January 5th, 1885 140 years ago — 72 years old

Contributed significantly to Norwegian folklore through collections of fairy tales. Collaborated with Jørgen Moe to compile and publish 'Norske Folkeeventyr', a cornerstone of Scandinavian literature that captures traditional stories and legends. Worked as a scholar, promoting Norwegian culture and heritage during a time of national awakening.

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Bharatendu Harishchandra

Indian author and playwright
Born
1850 175 years ago
Died
January 6th, 1885 140 years ago — 35 years old

An influential figure in Hindi literature, contributed to the development of modern Hindi prose and theatre. Established the foundation for social and political commentary through writing. Wrote notable plays, poetry, and essays that addressed social issues and celebrated Indian culture. Pioneered new forms in theatrical writing, blending traditional storytelling with contemporary themes. Played a critical role in the literary renaissance in India during the 19th century.

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Schuyler Colfax

American politician, 17th Vice President
Born
March 23rd, 1823 201 years ago
Died
January 13th, 1885 140 years ago — 61 years old

Served as the 17th Vice President of the United States from 1869 to 1873 under President Ulysses S. Grant. Before this role, held various political positions, including Speaker of the House of Representatives. Played a significant role in the Reconstruction Era, advocating for civil rights and economic development. Engaged in journalism, contributing to political discourse of the time. After leaving office, faced controversies related to the Credit Mobilier scandal but continued to be involved in public life until death in 1885.

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Charles George Gordon

British general and politician
Born
January 28th, 1833 192 years ago
Died
January 26th, 1885 140 years ago — 51 years old

Served as a British Army general and became a prominent political figure during the 19th century. Gained recognition for military campaigns in China, particularly during the Second Opium War, and for leadership in the Taiping Rebellion. Held the position of Governor-General of the Sudan, where efforts to suppress the Mahdist uprising were notable. His death in Khartoum marked a significant moment in British history, provoking national debate over foreign policy and military engagement.

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Edward Davy

Physician and engineer, inventor of the Davy lamp
Born
June 16th, 1806 218 years ago
Died
January 26th, 1885 140 years ago — 78 years old

Started a career as a physician before transitioning into engineering. Developed an early safety lamp for mining, significantly improving working conditions in coal mines. Advocated for better health standards in the mining industry. Identified various methods to enhance ventilation in mines, contributing to safer mining practices.

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