What Happened This Year 1920

Historical Events from This Year 1920 (View all 103)

Politics & Government

Second Palmer Raids Target Suspected Radicals

January 2nd, 1920 105 years ago

The second Palmer Raid, spearheaded by the U.S. Department of Justice, led to the arrest of around 6,000 suspected communists and anarchists across various cities. Ordered due to a rising fear of radicalism and leftist movements post-World War I, these individuals were detained without trial, reflecting the intense anxiety and political turmoil of the era. The raids were part of a broader national crackdown on perceived threats to American democracy.

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Natural Disasters

Deadly Earthquake Strikes Puebla and Veracruz

January 3rd, 1920 105 years ago

A magnitude 6.4 earthquake struck the Mexican states of Puebla and Veracruz, leading to extensive destruction and loss of life. The quake, lasting several seconds, uprooted buildings and infrastructure, hitting populated urban areas. Residents faced devastation as homes collapsed, with emergency services unable to respond promptly due to damaged roads and communication lines. In total, over 640 people were reported killed, with thousands more injured. The impact spread beyond immediate casualties, affecting the local economy and displacing families, transforming the lives of many for years to come.

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Politics & Government

New York Assembly Denies Seats to Socialist Assemblymen

January 7th, 1920 105 years ago

The New York State Assembly voted to deny five Socialist assemblymen their seats. The decision was driven by political tensions and concerns over the influence of socialism in the state government during a time of post-war unrest. The assemblymen had won their elections but faced significant opposition from those wary of their political ideology. This event marked a critical moment in the clash between socialist movements and traditional political establishments in America.

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Social Movements & Civil Rights

Failure of the Steel Strike of 1919

January 8th, 1920 105 years ago

The Amalgamated Association of Iron, Steel and Tin Workers struggled to gain recognition and better working conditions in the wake of the 1919 steel strike. The workers faced significant challenges, including opposition from employers and a lack of public support. As negotiations faltered, many strikers returned to work, marking a significant defeat for the union. This marked the collapse of one of the largest strikes in American history.

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Politics & Government

Bolshevik Decree Against Makhnovist Movement

January 9th, 1920 105 years ago

The All-Ukrainian Central Executive Committee issued a decree outlawing the Makhnovshchina, led by Nestor Makhno. This decree prompted escalating tensions between the Bolsheviks and Makhnovists, who had previously collaborated against common foes. The decision marked a significant turning point in the Ukrainian War of Independence, as it solidified the rift between the two factions. Makhno and his supporters resisted Bolshevik authority while continuing their fight for an independent and libertarian Ukraine.

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Politics & Government

Treaty of Versailles Takes Effect

January 10th, 1920 105 years ago

The Treaty of Versailles officially took effect, marking the end of World War I for all combatant nations except the United States. This treaty, signed in 1919, imposed punitive reparations and territorial losses on Germany, alongside new borders and the formation of the League of Nations intended to prevent future conflicts. The formal announcement of its activation came through extensive diplomatic efforts and discussions that took place in Paris, where Allied leaders sought to build a new global order after the devastation of the war.

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Born in 1920 (View all 562)

Charlie Parker

Saxophonist and composer, bebop pioneer
Born
October 14th, 1882 142 years ago
Died
March 12th, 1955 70 years ago — 72 years old

An American saxophonist and composer revolutionized jazz music through the development of the bebop style. Demonstrated exceptional technical skill and innovative improvisation techniques, influencing countless musicians. Collaborated with prominent artists and recorded essential tracks that showcased new approaches to rhythm and harmony. Major works include 'Ornithology' and 'Ko-Ko,' which exemplify the bebop movement.

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Geoffrey Baker

Field Marshal of the British Army
Born
June 20th, 1912 112 years ago
Died
May 8th, 1980 44 years ago — 67 years old

Served as a senior officer in the British Army, achieving the rank of Field Marshal. Held the position of Chief of the General Staff, guiding military operations and strategy in the mid-20th century. Played a significant role during World War II, influencing army tactics and administrative capabilities. After the war, focused on reorganizing the army to meet post-war demands and challenges. Engaged in various military reforms throughout tenure.

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Osvaldo Cavandoli

Italian cartoonist famous for La Linea
Born
January 1st, 1920 105 years ago
Died
March 3rd, 2007 18 years ago — 87 years old

A cartoonist created the animated series La Linea, featuring a simple character depicted as a continuous line. This series became a significant part of Italian television, known for its humor and unique style. La Linea debuted in 1971 and was broadcasted on RAI, gaining popularity for its minimalist animation and clever storylines. The character's adventures often included interactions with various, often humorous, elements and situations.

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Bob Feerick

Basketball coach and player, 1947 All-Star
Born
January 2nd, 1920 105 years ago
Died
1976 49 years ago — 56 years old

A basketball player and coach, gained recognition for playing as a guard in the National Basketball Association. Played for the Washington Capitals from 1946 to 1949 and participated in the 1947 All-Star Game. Transitioned to coaching after retirement from playing, serving as head coach for the University of San Francisco and contributing to the development of collegiate basketball in California.

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Siegfried Buback

German attorney general and politician
Born
January 3rd, 1920 105 years ago
Died
1977 48 years ago — 57 years old

A German lawyer and politician served as the Attorney General of Germany. In this role, oversaw significant legal reforms and the prosecution of high-profile criminal cases. Actively involved in politics, contributed to discussions surrounding legal and judicial matters during a crucial period in German history.

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Rosalie Crutchley

British actress in film and theater
Born
January 4th, 1920 105 years ago
Died
July 28th, 1997 27 years ago — 77 years old

Born in 1920, a British actress with a career spanning several decades, gained recognition for performances in film, television, and theater. Appeared in the classic film 'The Spy Who Came in from the Cold' and contributed to various stage productions. Worked extensively in television, featuring in series such as 'The Forsyte Saga' and 'The Six Wives of Henry VIII'. Also notable for voice work in radio dramas and documentaries, showcasing a wide range of talent in various roles.

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People Who Died in 1920 (View all 106)

Paul Adam

French author, novelist, and playwright
Born
December 7th, 1862 162 years ago
Died
January 2nd, 1920 105 years ago — 57 years old

Born in France, one of the prominent figures in literary circles during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Most notable for contributions to the Naturalist movement, he published several novels that explored human experiences and societal issues. Served as a member of the influential literary group, the 'Groupe des jeunes', which supported avant-garde literature. Worked as a playwright, with works performed in notable theaters, expanding the reach of contemporary French literature. His writings reflected the intricacies of life and social conditions of the time.

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Benito Pérez Galdós

Spanish author and playwright
Born
May 10th, 1843 181 years ago
Died
January 4th, 1920 105 years ago — 76 years old

A prominent Spanish author and playwright, this individual contributed significantly to the literary landscape of Spain during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He wrote numerous novels that explored Spanish society, politics, and culture, often incorporating realistic and naturalistic elements. His notable works include 'Fortunata y Jacinta' and the series 'Episodios Nacionales', which depicted historical events through compelling narratives. Additionally, he made significant contributions to theater with plays such as 'Marianela'. His work is characterized by keen social observation and rich character development.

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Edmund Barton

Australian politician and judge
Born
January 18th, 1849 176 years ago
Died
January 7th, 1920 105 years ago — 70 years old

Served as the first Prime Minister of Australia from 1901 to 1903. Played a pivotal role in the federation of Australia, advocating for the unification of the six colonies into a single nation. Prior to his political career, served as a judge on the High Court of Australia. Also contributed to the establishment of the Australian Constitution.

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Josef Josephi

Singer and actor in operatic performances
Born
July 15th, 1852 172 years ago
Died
January 8th, 1920 105 years ago — 67 years old

Born in Poland, a celebrated singer and actor made significant contributions to the realms of opera and theater during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Primarily associated with performance in Paris, showcased remarkable vocal talent and stage presence, leading to a successful career in the artistic community. Gained recognition for roles in various operatic productions and stage plays, showcasing both dramatic and musical abilities. Legacy preserved through recordings and critical acclaim.

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Steinar Schjøtt

Norwegian Philologist and Lexicographer
Born
1844 181 years ago
Died
January 11th, 1920 105 years ago — 76 years old

Contributed significantly to the field of philology and lexicography. Focused on the study and documentation of the Norwegian language. Published dictionaries and works that defined linguistic research in Norway. Helped to preserve and modernize the understanding of Norwegian dialects and vocabulary.

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John Francis Dodge

American businessman and automotive pioneer
Born
1864 161 years ago
Died
January 14th, 1920 105 years ago — 56 years old

Co-founded the Dodge Automobile Company, which became prominent in the American automotive industry. The company was established in 1900 and quickly gained recognition for its vehicles. The Dodge brothers originally supplied parts to other manufacturers before launching their own brand. The Dodge Automobile Company produced some of the most popular and enduring models, contributing significantly to the evolution of American vehicles.

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