What Happened This Year 1934

Historical Events from This Year 1934

Politics & Government

Nazi Germany Enacts Sterilization Law

January 1st, 1934 91 years ago

A new law aimed at preventing genetically diseased offspring was enacted in Nazi Germany, authorizing the forced sterilization of individuals deemed unfit to reproduce. This legislation reflected the regime's ideology focusing on eugenics and population purity. Healthcare practitioners were given authority to diagnose hereditary diseases, enabling them to carry out the sterilizations without the explicit consent of affected individuals. The enactment aimed at improving the genetic quality of the Aryan population, aligning with the broader racial policies of the Nazi regime.

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Crime & Law

Alcatraz Island becomes federal prison

January 1st, 1934 91 years ago

Alcatraz Island was officially designated as a United States federal prison in 1934, marking a significant shift in its use from a military reservation to a high-security correctional facility. It became known for housing some of the most notorious criminals of the time, including Al Capone and George 'Machine Gun' Kelly. The prison was chosen for its isolated location in San Francisco Bay, which made escape attempts exceedingly difficult. The transition to a federal prison was part of a broader effort to reform the American prison system during the Great Depression, responding to a national crisis in crime and law enforcement.

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Natural Disasters

Devastating 8.0 Mw Nepal-Bihar Earthquake

January 15th, 1934 91 years ago

A massive earthquake with a magnitude of 8.0 Mw struck the regions of Nepal and Bihar, registering a maximum Mercalli intensity of XI (Extreme). The catastrophe led to the loss of an estimated 6,000 to 10,700 lives, along with extensive destruction of infrastructure and homes. The quake was one of the deadliest in the region's history, heavily impacting both agricultural and urban areas. It prompted immediate humanitarian responses and long-term recovery efforts in the affected regions.

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Politics & Government

German–Polish Non-Aggression Pact Signed

January 26th, 1934 91 years ago

The German–Polish Non-Aggression Pact was signed in 1934 between Germany and Poland, establishing a commitment to peaceful relations. This agreement arose out of a desire to stabilize tensions after World War I and to address the potential for future conflict over territorial disputes. Notable leaders from both nations participated in the signing, which aimed to reinforce their diplomatic relations and create a framework for dialogue. The pact was seen as significant in European diplomacy.

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Arts & Culture

Apollo Theater Reopens in Harlem

January 26th, 1934 91 years ago

The Apollo Theater, an iconic venue in Harlem, reopened its doors with a celebration featuring a diverse range of performances. Initially constructed in 1914, the theater became a center for Black culture and arts, showcasing famous figures such as Ella Fitzgerald and Billie Holiday. Its reopening was met with enthusiasm from the local community and patrons, highlighting its significance as a cultural beacon in New York City. The event marked not only the return of live entertainment but also the resilience of the arts during challenging times.

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Economics & Industry

Export-Import Bank of the United States Established

February 2nd, 1934 91 years ago

The Export-Import Bank of the United States was incorporated to facilitate international trade by providing financial assistance. Established during the Great Depression, its main goal was to support U.S. exports by offering loans and insurance to American companies involved in commerce with foreign markets. This incorporation aimed to combat the economic downturn and stimulate job creation and growth in the U.S. economy, enhancing the competitiveness of American businesses abroad.

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Politics & Government

Far-right Attempted Coup in France

February 6th, 1934 91 years ago

In a dramatic display of political extremism, far-right leagues rallied in front of the Palais Bourbon, challenging the stability of the French Third Republic. This mobilization was driven by demands for stronger nationalistic policies and dissatisfaction with the government's handling of social issues. Tensions were high as participants attempted to exert pressure on the political establishment, igniting fears of a potential coup and a loss of democratic governance in France.

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Politics & Government

Formation of the Balkan Entente Agreement

February 9th, 1934 91 years ago

The Balkan Entente was established between Greece, Romania, Yugoslavia, and Turkey as a regional cooperative agreement aimed at fostering mutual security and political collaboration. The agreement reflects the nations' common interest in stabilizing the Balkans after years of conflict and territorial disputes. This pact was also a response to the rise of fascism in Europe, promoting a sense of unity among the member states amidst shifting political landscapes.

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Politics & Government

Austrian Civil War's Turning Point

February 16th, 1934 91 years ago

The Austrian Civil War culminated in a decisive defeat for the Social Democrats and the Republikanischer Schutzbund, marking a series of confrontations between the government and leftist paramilitary forces. Clashes were concentrated mainly in Linz and the surrounding areas, where government troops effectively suppressed the uprising. The Social Democrats sought to counter the rising influence of Austrian nationalism and fascism, leading to violent confrontations with the conservative government. The defeat led to a consolidation of power by conservative forces in Austria, with significant implications for the political landscape.

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