Ante Pavelić
Fascist dictator during WWII regime
A Croatian politician and leader of the Ustaše movement, attained power during World War II. Ruled as the head of the Independent State of Croatia from 1941 until 1945. Implemented policies leading to significant persecution against Serbs, Jews, and Roma. After the war, fled into exile and lived in various countries, remaining a controversial figure in Croatian history until death in 1959 in Spain.
Established the Independent State of Croatia
Led a fascist regime responsible for brutal repression
Other People Born on July 14th
Abbas II of Egypt
Last Sultan of Egypt and Sudan
Born
July 14th, 1874 151 years ago
Died
December 19th, 1944 81 years ago — 70 years old
Served as the last Sultan of Egypt and Sudan from 1892 until 1914. His reign occurred during a time of increasing British influence and control over Egypt, leading to the establishment of the protectorate in 1914. Faced challenges surrounding nationalistic movements, health crises, and the growing discontent with colonial rule. Abdicated in 1914 following the British occupation during World War I. Lived in exile in Europe after abdication.
Continue ReadingWilly Hess
German violinist and educator
Born
July 14th, 1859 166 years ago
Died
February 17th, 1939 87 years ago — 79 years old
A prominent violinist and educator from Germany, contributed significantly to the art of violin playing and instruction. Founded the Hess Violin School, which trained numerous students in classical techniques. Engaged in performances throughout Europe and collaborated with various orchestras, earning a reputation for exceptional skill and musicianship. Published instructional materials and helped elevate the standards of violin education.
Continue ReadingWoody Guthrie
American folk singer and songwriter
Born
July 14th, 1912 113 years ago
Died
October 3rd, 1967 58 years ago — 55 years old
A prominent American singer-songwriter and guitarist, notable for contributing to the folk music genre. Originated during the Great Depression, he often wrote songs reflecting social issues and the struggles of everyday people. The song 'This Land Is Your Land' became a standard of American folk music, promoting themes of equality and community. His influence extended to later musicians and genres, notably shaping the folk revival movement of the 1960s.
Continue ReadingElfriede Rinkel
German SS officer during World War II
Born
July 14th, 1922 103 years ago
Died
2018 8 years ago — 96 years old
Served as an SS officer during World War II, participating in various military operations. Held a significant position within the SS, contributing to the administration and execution of policies aligned with the regime. Involved in activities that were part of the broader conflict of the war, facilitating the structures of the SS.
Continue ReadingPlaek Phibunsongkhram
Thai military officer and 3rd Prime Minister
Born
July 14th, 1897 128 years ago
Died
1964 62 years ago — 67 years old
Served as the 3rd Prime Minister of Thailand from 1938 to 1944 and again from 1948 to 1957. Played a significant role in modernizing Thailand's infrastructure and adopting Western styles of governance and culture. Established a national identity focused on Thai nationalism and promoted the idea of Thai identity through policies and propaganda. Oversaw Thailand's involvement in World War II on the side of Japan. After the war, transitioned to a more democratic rule, but maintained a significant amount of authority through military influence.
Continue ReadingGertrude Bell
Archaeologist and political officer in Iraq
Born
July 14th, 1868 157 years ago
Died
July 12th, 1926 99 years ago — 57 years old
An influential archaeologist and political officer, this individual made significant contributions to the field of archaeology in the Middle East and played a crucial role in the political landscape of Iraq during the early 20th century. Educated at Oxford, this individual traveled extensively throughout the Arabian Peninsula and contributed to the mapping and exploration of the region. Worked with the British government during World War I to shape post-war policy in the newly established nation of Iraq, assisting in the creation of the Iraqi state. Promoted the inclusion of Arab perspectives in governance and helped establish the National Museum of Iraq in Baghdad.
Continue ReadingOther People Who Died on December 28th
Mary II of England
Queen of England, Scotland, and Ireland
Born
April 30th, 1662 363 years ago
Died
December 28th, 1694 331 years ago — 32 years old
Reigned alongside William III from 1689 until her death in 1694. Ascended to the throne following the Glorious Revolution, which saw the overthrow of James II. Her reign marked the establishment of constitutional monarchy in England. Implemented several reforms and governed during a period of political and religious turmoil.
Continue ReadingWilliam L. Shirer
Journalist and historian of WWII broadcasts
Born
February 23rd, 1904 122 years ago
Died
December 28th, 1993 32 years ago — 89 years old
A prominent journalist and historian, this individual covered major events during World War II. Early in his career, worked for the Chicago Tribune and later joined CBS, becoming a key radio correspondent in Europe. Provided live radio broadcasts during pivotal moments of the war, including the fall of Paris and the end of the conflict. Authored several historical works, with 'The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich' being the most notable, offering a comprehensive history of Nazi Germany and its leaders. The comprehensive research and narrative style contributed significantly to the field of historical journalism.
Continue ReadingJoseph Ruskin
American actor and producer
Born
April 14th, 1924 101 years ago
Died
December 28th, 2013 12 years ago — 89 years old
An American actor and producer, had a career spanning over six decades. Appeared in numerous television series and films, with appearances in popular shows such as 'Star Trek', 'The Twilight Zone', and 'Mission: Impossible'. Additionally, featured in films including 'The Way We Were' and 'The Gambler'. Gained recognition for versatility in portraying a wide range of characters, particularly in roles that required a strong presence, often embodying characters of authority or gravitas.
Continue ReadingDavid Ogilvy
Scottish soldier and politician
Born
May 17th, 1926 99 years ago
Died
December 28th, 1968 57 years ago — 42 years old
Served as the 13th Earl of Airlie and held a significant role in British military and political spheres. Joined the British Army, fighting in World War II before transitioning into politics. Actively participated in various political initiatives and represented his region in the House of Lords. Worked to further regional and national interests during his political career.
Continue ReadingDebbie Reynolds
Actress and singer from Singin' in the Rain
Born
April 1st, 1932 93 years ago
Died
December 28th, 2016 9 years ago — 84 years old
An actress, singer, and dancer, notable for a career spanning over six decades. Gained prominence with the role of Kathy Selden in the musical 'Singin' in the Rain' alongside Gene Kelly. Transitioned from film to television, appearing in series such as 'The Debbie Reynolds Show' and 'Will & Grace'. Pursued a successful stage career, including performances in musicals and cabaret. Actively participated in the film industry and remained a popular figure until the later years of life.
Continue ReadingJohannes Rydberg
Swedish physicist and academic
Born
November 8th, 1854 171 years ago
Died
December 28th, 1919 106 years ago — 65 years old
Rydberg contributed significantly to the field of physics, specifically in atomic spectroscopy. Developed the Rydberg formula, which describes the wavelengths of spectral lines in many chemical elements. The formula has broad applications in understanding atomic structures and transitions. Held a professorship at the University of Lund and influenced the development of quantum theory during his academic career.
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