Zumbi dos Palmares
Brazilian king of Palmares
Zumbi led the resistance against slavery in Brazil during the late 17th century. He was born in a palatial settlement for escaped slaves known as Quilombo dos Palmares. As a military leader, he organized and defended the community against colonial forces. Zumbi's leadership transformed Palmares into a symbol of freedom and resistance for enslaved Africans. His reign concluded when he was betrayed and killed in 1695.
Led Quilombo dos Palmares
Organized military resistance against slavery
Symbol of freedom and resistance
Other People Who Died on November 20th
Charles Plumier
French botanist and author of Plant Catalogs
Born
April 20th, 1646 380 years ago
Died
November 20th, 1704 321 years ago — 58 years old
A prominent botanist, contributed significantly to the field of botany in the 17th century. Conducted extensive explorations in the Caribbean, documenting various plant species. Published several works, including 'Nova Plantarum Americanarum Genera', which described previously unknown plants. His detailed illustrations and writings greatly advanced botanical knowledge and classification. Developed a systematic approach to the study of plants, influencing future botanical research and exploration.
Continue ReadingMelchior de Polignac
French cardinal and poet
Born
October 11th, 1661 364 years ago
Died
November 20th, 1742 283 years ago — 81 years old
Born in 1661, a prominent French cardinal and poet contributed significantly to literature and church affairs. His work 'Anti-Lucretius', a philosophical poem, showcased influences from classical thought and addressed the nature of divine providence. De Polignac played a critical role within the Catholic Church, holding various ecclesiastical positions and advocating for religious and cultural matters during his lifetime. His writings continued to be studied for their poetic beauty and intellectual depth.
Continue ReadingFrancesco Cilea
Italian composer, known for 'Adriana Lecouvreur'
Born
July 23rd, 1866 159 years ago
Died
November 20th, 1950 75 years ago — 84 years old
Active in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, this composer specialized in opera and academic instruction. Among several notable works, 'Adriana Lecouvreur' stands out as a significant contribution to the operatic repertoire. Work reflected the transition from the traditional romantic style to a more diverse musical expression. Held academic positions that influenced the next generation of composers and musicians, emphasizing the importance of both composition and performance. The legacy includes an enduring impact on Italian opera, especially through the themes depicted in works.
Continue ReadingArturo Bocchini
Chief of Police under Mussolini
Born
1880 146 years ago
Died
November 20th, 1940 85 years ago — 60 years old
Served as Chief of Police during the Fascist regime in Italy. Oversaw police operations and maintained order within the state during a time of political turmoil. Played a significant role in implementing Mussolini's authoritarian policies and suppression of dissent. Managed the secret police, ensuring loyalty to the regime and increasing control over the population.
Continue ReadingAnton Rubinstein
Russian pianist and composer
Born
November 28th, 1829 196 years ago
Died
November 20th, 1894 131 years ago — 64 years old
A prominent pianist, composer, and conductor, contributed significantly to the development of music education in Russia. Founded the Saint Petersburg Conservatory, the first of its kind in the country, setting a standard for music training. Composed numerous works for piano, orchestras, and operas, with 'The Demon' being among the most recognized. Conducted various orchestras, including engagements with the Berlin Philharmonic and the New York Philharmonic, fostering a rich musical culture in Russia and beyond.
Continue ReadingJames H. Billington
Librarian of Congress and academic leader
Born
June 1st, 1929 96 years ago
Died
November 20th, 2018 7 years ago — 89 years old
Served as the Thirteenth Librarian of Congress from 1987 to 2015. Played a significant role in modernizing the Library of Congress and advocating for digital access to American history and culture. Oversaw the establishment of various digital initiatives and projects, including the American Memory project, which made historical documents available online. Contributed extensively to academic discourse on American literature and culture through numerous publications.
Continue Reading