Born in 1187
Arthur I
Served as Duke of Brittany from 1186 until death in 1203. Arthur I was the son of Geoffrey, Duke of Brittany, and Constance of Brittany. Following the death of King Richard I of England, claimed the English throne as a rival to his uncle, King John of England. Engaged in conflicts that surrounded the Angevin Empire and struggled to maintain Breton independence amidst English influence.
Continue ReadingLouis VIII
Ruled as King of France from 1223 until death in 1226. Participated in the Albigensian Crusade, aiming to eliminate Catharism in southern France. Strengthened the French monarchy and centralized power. Engaged in conflicts with England, including a military campaign against King John. Extended royal influence in territories like Languedoc and Poitou. His reign marked efforts to enhance the authority of the crown over the nobility.
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