Historical Events from This Year 1290
Assassination of King Ladislaus IV of Hungary
King Ladislaus IV of Hungary was assassinated at the castle of Körösszeg, modern-day Cheresig in Romania. The circumstances surrounding his assassination involved a conspiracy among nobility, particularly those displeased with his rule. Ladislaus IV faced various challenges during his reign, including political intrigues, and ultimately became a target of assassination. This act marked a significant point in Hungarian history, demonstrating the tumultuous nature of the monarchy during this period.
Continue ReadingKing Edward I Expels Jews from England
King Edward I of England issued the Edict of Expulsion, which mandated the banishment of all Jews from England. Approximately 16,000 Jews, who had been living in England since the 11th century, were forced to leave. The expulsion was a culmination of rising anti-Semitic sentiment and financial pressures on the crown, as Jews were often scapegoated for economic difficulties. This marked the end of a significant Jewish community in England that had existed for centuries.
Continue ReadingBorn in 1290
Giovanni Visconti
Served as a cardinal of the Catholic Church during the 14th century. Played a significant role in the ecclesiastical politics of the time. Held the position of Archbishop of Milan, contributing to the religious and political landscape of Italy. Engaged in various diplomatic missions and alliances among the powerful families of the region. Involved in the governance of the church, impacting its administration and directives.
Continue ReadingAmbrogio Lorenzetti
Active during the 14th century, this Sienese painter contributed significantly to the development of early Italian Renaissance art. The artist created works that included detailed frescoes and panel paintings that depicted scenes rich in narrative and symbolism. The most notable works include 'Allegory of Good Government' and 'Allegory of Bad Government', which illustrated the effects of governance on the state and its citizens. These pieces are characterized by their innovative use of perspective and attention to the human condition, reflecting the social and political atmosphere of the time.
Continue ReadingJacob van Artevelde
A prominent statesman from Flanders, played a vital role during the 14th century by leading Ghent in a successful revolt against aristocratic rule and supporting English alliances. His leadership strengthened the city’s power and contributed to its economic growth, notably through the wool trade. Advocated for the interests of the urban bourgeoisie and negotiated important treaties with England. His influence waned after a series of political conflicts, ultimately leading to his assassination in 1345.
Continue ReadingEleanor de Clare
Born into an influential family, one individual served as a prominent English noblewoman during the 14th century. As the daughter of Edward I's son, the individual married Hugh de Spencer the Younger, aligning closely with the powerful Spencer family. The marriage brought significant political influence and wealth, as well as contentious familial ties that shaped the political landscape of the time. The individual was involved in the struggles between the Spencers and their rivals during the reign of Edward II, particularly in conflicts surrounding the king's favoritism towards the Spencers. After the fall of her husband and close family members, the individual became embroiled in the complex dynamics of loyalty and power which characterized her era.
Continue ReadingConstance of Portugal
Born into Portuguese nobility, served as the infanta of Portugal. Engaged in the political landscape of the Iberian Peninsula during the late medieval period. Notably, became the queen consort of León and Castile through marriage, playing a significant role in the dynastic alliances of the time. Her lineage tied the Portuguese and Castilian crowns, influencing future claims to the throne.
Continue ReadingThomas Bradwardine
An English archbishop, mathematician, and physicist made significant contributions to medieval science. Focused on mathematics and its applications, established the concept of the mean speed theorem. Authored major works on mathematics and theology, emphasizing the integration of rational thought in religious beliefs. Played a critical role in the development of early mathematical thought and its influence on natural philosophy. Served as archbishop of Canterbury, where responsibilities included ecclesiastical governance and contribution to church doctrine. Died in 1349, leaving a legacy in both mathematics and theology.
Continue ReadingPeople Who Died in 1290 (View all 7)
Henryk IV Probus
Ruled as Duke of Wrocław and later as high duke of Kraków during the late 13th century. Played a significant role in the political landscape of Silesia and Poland. Fostered the development of local governance and diplomacy. His reign was marked by efforts to consolidate power within the fragmented Polish territories. Died in 1290, leaving a legacy within the region.
Continue ReadingLadislaus IV
Ruled Hungary from 1272 until his death in 1290. His reign was marked by the influence of the Cumans, a nomadic group allied with Hungary. The king's policies sought to integrate Cuman culture into the kingdom. Ladislaus IV faced challenges from the nobility and external threats, particularly from neighboring powers. His rule saw both military campaigns and internal strife, ultimately leading to a fragmented political landscape. The kingdom experienced significant turmoil following his passing, impacting the stability of Hungary for years.
Continue ReadingAl-Mansur Qalawun
Sultan of Egypt during the Mamluk period. Elevated to power in the late 13th century. Initiated military campaigns against Crusader states, consolidating Mamluk authority in the region. Commissioned significant architectural projects, including the construction of the Al-Mansuri Mosque in Cairo, an important religious and cultural site. Oversaw advancements in education, law, and urban development in Egypt.
Continue ReadingMagnus III
Reigned as king of Sweden from 1275 until death in 1290. Faced challenges in maintaining control over the kingdom amidst conflicts with neighboring regions and internal disputes. His reign was marked by attempts to consolidate power and strengthen the monarchy. Engaged in military campaigns to expand territory and influence, striving to establish a lasting legacy. Promoted Christianity and worked to integrate various cultural elements within the realm.
Continue ReadingTrần Thánh Tông
Ruled from 1258 to 1278, focusing on strengthening the state of Đại Việt against external threats, particularly from the Mongol invasions. Under leadership, the military effectively repelled invasions in 1258 and 1288, achieving significant victories at the battles of Bạch Đằng River. Promoted agricultural development and fostered cultural growth, including the establishment of Confucianism as the state ideology.
Continue ReadingSalimbene di Adam
Born in 1221, a notable historian and chronicler during the 13th century. Employed meticulous documentation of events and societal changes during a turbulent period in Italy. The work 'Chronicle' provides insights into the Franciscan Order and the political landscape of the time. His writings are regarded as significant for understanding medieval history and the Franciscan viewpoint. Spent much of life traveling and studying the natural world, religious doctrines, and contemporary events.
Continue Reading