Born in 1326
Louis I of Hungary
Ruled as King of Hungary from 1342 until death in 1382 and King of Poland from 1370. Implemented significant administrative and military reforms that strengthened royal authority and centralized governance. Engaged in military campaigns against various adversaries, expanding the kingdom's territory. Promoted cultural and economic developments, fostering trade and supporting the arts. The reign included notable interactions with the Papacy and involvement in the politics of Central Europe.
Continue ReadingIvan II of Moscow
Grand Prince of Moscow from 1353 to 1359. Strengthened the principality through military campaigns and strategic marriages. Faced external threats from neighboring principalities and the Golden Horde, reaffirming Moscow's influence. Issued decrees to bolster the administration and economy. Established a foothold for future Moscow rulers during a period of territorial expansion.
Continue ReadingRinchinbal Khan
Rinchinbal Khan served as an emperor of the Yuan dynasty in Mongolia during the 14th century. Rinchinbal reigned during a time of political challenges and changes within the empire. The rule was marked by various military campaigns aimed at consolidating power and responding to internal strife. Rinchinbal's leadership faced difficulties from rival factions and tribes within the Mongolian territories. Despite these challenges, his reign contributed to the continuity of the Yuan dynasty at a time when it was vulnerable to both internal and external pressures.
Continue ReadingJoan I
Born in 1326, held the title of Countess of Auvergne. Inherited the county and managed its affairs following the death of her father. Engagements included participation in the Hundred Years' War, where alliances were formed with various factions. Actively involved in local governance, navigating through periods of political unrest and turbulence.
Continue ReadingMurad I
Sultan during the Ottoman Empire's expansion, ruled from 1362 until 1389. Implemented administrative reforms and strengthened the central authority. Focused on military campaigns that expanded territories into the Balkans, including the conquest of Adrianople, which became the new capital. Established the Janissary corps as an elite military unit. Laid foundations for future conquests in Europe, leading to significant territorial gains.
Continue ReadingOlivier de Clisson
Served as a prominent military leader during the Hundred Years' War. Gained recognition for commanding French troops in significant battles against the English. Played a crucial role in the defense of the French territories. Held the title of Constable of France, leading military efforts and strategies against English forces. His tactics and leadership were instrumental during key conflicts, contributing to the shifting power dynamics of the era.
Continue ReadingJoanna I of Naples
Ruled as Queen of Naples from 1343 until death in 1382. Became Queen at a young age and faced numerous challenges during her reign, including internal conflicts and external threats. Expanded influence over the Kingdom of Sicily, asserting control through political alliances and military action. Engaged in the complexities of dynastic politics in Italy and was embroiled in controversies, including conflicts with the Church and fellow nobles. Her reign was marked by a struggle for power and the survival of her rule amidst turbulent socio-political circumstances.
Continue ReadingPope Gregory XII
Served as Pope from 1406 to 1415 during a period marked by the Western Schism, where multiple claimants contested the papacy. Resigned in 1415 to help resolve this schism, leading to the election of Pope Martin V at the Council of Constance. His papacy was characterized by efforts to restore unity in the church and to address challenges from rival popes and factions within Christendom.
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