Historical Events from This Year 1438
Albert II of Habsburg Crowned King of Hungary
Albert II of Habsburg was crowned King of Hungary in a ceremony held in Buda, solidifying his authority over the kingdom. This significant event took place shortly after his ascension, as he sought to strengthen his political position amidst the complexities of dynastic conflicts. The coronation was essential for Albert to legitimize his rule and gain the support of Hungarian nobles, given the various rival factions vying for power. His marriage to Elisabeth of Luxembourg earlier also fortified his claim to the Hungarian throne, weaving a crucial alliance in Central Europe during a turbulent era.
Continue ReadingCouncil of Basel Suspends Pope Eugene IV
The Council of Basel convened to address various church issues and declared Pope Eugene IV's policies and actions as unconstitutional, leading to his suspension from the papacy. This was a pivotal moment demonstrating the increasing authority of church councils over papal decisions, marking a significant shift in the balance of power within the Catholic Church.
Continue ReadingExecution of Nine Leaders of Transylvanian Revolt
Nine leaders of the peasant revolt in Transylvania were executed in Torda after being defeated. This event marked a significant suppression of the unrest that had spread through the region due to social and economic grievances. The revolt was sparked by the harsh conditions faced by peasants and their desire for better treatment and rights. Their execution served as a warning against future uprisings and highlighted the tensions between the nobility and common people.
Continue ReadingAlbert II of Habsburg Becomes King of the Romans
Albert II of Habsburg ascended as King of the Romans after the death of his predecessor, Sigismund of Luxembourg. His election took place in the context of ongoing dynastic and territorial struggles in the Holy Roman Empire. The election was marked by the significant participation of electors from various powerful principalities, and Albert's title was recognized in the imperial city of Frankfurt, where the imperial election occurred.
Continue ReadingTransylvanian Peasants' Compromise at Kolozsmonostor
A compromise was reached between the rebellious Transylvanian peasants and the noblemen at Kolozsmonostor Abbey, aimed at easing tensions and addressing grievances. This agreement sought to balance the demands of the peasants with the interests of the noble class, enabling a temporary peace in the region. The discussions were characterized by negotiations that highlighted the socio-economic struggles of the peasant class and the need for a sustainable resolution to ongoing conflicts.
Continue ReadingBorn in 1438
John III of Egmont
Born into the house of Egmont, a prominent family in the Netherlands, held significant lands and titles during the 15th century. Served as a key figure in the political landscape of the Low Countries. Played a crucial role in the governance and military affairs of the region. Engaged in various political alliances and conflicts that shaped the course of Dutch nobility.
Continue ReadingPeter II
Born as the son of Charles I, held the title of Duke of Bourbon. His leadership during tumultuous times in France included involvement in the Hundred Years' War. Governed Bourbonnais and navigated complex political alliances with the Valois court. Resumed control over lands and estates following periods of conflict and instability. Played a significant role in the regional politics of France, reflecting the dynamics of nobility during the late medieval period.
Continue ReadingLudovico II
Held the title of Marquess of Saluzzo, a territory in northwestern Italy. Governed Saluzzo during a time marked by the transition of power in the region. Engaged in conflicts for territorial control in Italy, including battles against local rivals and external forces. The rule was characterized by attempts to maintain autonomy amid the political shifts of the Italian Wars.
Continue ReadingHusayn Mirza Bayqara
A Timurid ruler of Herat, contributed to the cultural and artistic development of the region during the late 15th century. His reign is marked by a flourishing of Persian literature, art, and architecture. The court attracted renowned poets and artists, making Herat a significant cultural center. Under the leadership, the Herat School of Miniature Painting thrived. His efforts in governance led to a period of relative stability amidst the power struggles characteristic of the era. The establishment of architectural projects, including mosques and public buildings, reflected the wealth and artistic aspirations of the time.
Continue ReadingEdmund Beaufort
The 4th Duke of Somerset held a prominent role during the Wars of the Roses as a supporter of the Lancastrian cause. Appointed as a captain of the English forces, commanded troops at various key battles throughout the conflict. Notably, he served as a key figure in the defense of the Lancastrian interests and was involved in significant military engagements. His efforts culminated in participation in the Battle of Tewkesbury, which occurred on May 4, 1471, a battle that ultimately led to his defeat and death. The repercussions of this battle marked a significant turning point in the war, solidifying the Yorkist dominance in England.
Continue ReadingPeople Who Died in 1438
Edward
Became King of Portugal in 1433 and ruled until 1438. His reign was marked by a focus on the consolidation of royal power and expansion of the kingdom's influence. Established the Order of Aviz, a military order that played a significant role in Portuguese history. Strengthened ties with England through dynastic marriage. Engaged in military campaigns in Africa, furthering Portugal’s maritime interests.
Continue ReadingAnne of Gloucester
Born into English nobility, Anne of Gloucester was the daughter of Thomas of Woodstock, the Duke of Gloucester, and Eleanor de Bohun. Through her marriage to Richard of York, she became connected to the powerful Yorkist faction. Anne's life unfolded during a tumultuous period in English history marked by the conflicts of the Wars of the Roses. After the death of her husband, she played a role in the political landscape of the time. Anne's lineage and marriage positioned her within the shifting allegiances of noble families in England, which had lasting effects on the power dynamics of the era.
Continue ReadingJacopo della Quercia
Active during the early Renaissance, this Sienese sculptor created notable works that showcased a transition from Gothic to Renaissance art. Significant projects included the intricate tomb of Ilaria del Carretto in Lucca and the monumental fountain in Piazza del Campo, Siena. A hallmark of his work is the 'Gates of Paradise,' which exemplifies his mastery of form and storytelling through sculptural relief. Attention to detail and expressive figures are characteristic of this artist's style, which influenced future generations of sculptors.
Continue ReadingClaudius Clavus
Claudius Clavus was a Danish geographer and cartographer, active during the late 14th to early 15th century. His work primarily focused on mapping northern regions, contributing to the understanding of Scandinavia and Arctic areas. He created several important maps, including a major world map that depicted northern parts of Europe and Greenland. Clavus's maps combined knowledge from previous sources with his explorations and accounts from other travelers, reflecting the geographic knowledge of his time. He is considered one of the last medieval cartographers, bridging the medieval world and the emerging age of exploration.
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